华慧上海交通大学2011年考博英语真题阅读理解第2篇试题及参考答案36468.pdf

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1、慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 1 共 4 上海交通大学2011年考博英真理解及参考答案(Two)Passage TwoIn 1997,Moscow,Russia,celebrated the 850th anniversary of its founding.In the more than eight centuries that Moscow has been a viable city,it has been characterized by waves of new construction.The most recent one is ongoi

2、ng as Moscow thrives as capital of the new Russia.The architecture of Moscow represents a hodgepodge(大）of style,as 12th century forms mingle with elegant estates from the times of the Czars and functional structures that reflect the pragmatism(用性）of the Soviet ear.As Moscow grows under a new system

3、of government,there is concern that some of the citys architectural history will be lost,with each tier holding information about a part of Russias past.In some areas of the city,archaeologists have reached the layer from 1147,the year of Moscows founding.Moscow has a history of chaotic periods that

4、 ended with the destruction of the largely wooden city and the building of the“new”city on top of the ruins of the old.The result is a layered city,with each tier holding information about a part of Russias past.In some areas of the city,archaeologists have reached the layer from 1147,the year of Mo

5、scows founding.Russia has begun a huge attempt to salvage and preserve as much of Moscows past as possible.New building could destroy this history forever,but Moscow has decided on a different approach.Recognizing that new building represents progress,and progress is necessary for the growth of the

6、nation,new building is flourishing in Moscow.However,the Department of Preservation of Historical Monuments is insuring that building is done in a manner that respects the past.There are approximately 160 active archaeological sites currently in Moscow,5000 buildings have been designated as protecte

7、d locations.One example of the work done by the Department of Preservation of Historical Monuments is Manege Square,which lies just west of the Kremlin.Throughout Moscow past,this Square has been a commercial district.In keeping with that history,the area will be developed as a modern shopping mall,

8、complete with restaurants,theaters casinos and a parking garage.Archaeologists working in Manege Square uncovered the commercial life of eight centuries.By excavating five meters deep,archaeologists provided a picture of the evolution of commercial Moscow.Among the finds,wooden street pavement from

9、the time of 慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 2 共 4 Ivan the Terrible(16th century),a wide cobblestone road from the era of Peter the Great(early 18th century),street paving from the reign of Catherine the Great(mid-to late 18th century),and a wealthy merchants estate(19th century)Smaller finds-a be

10、lt and buckle,a gold chain shoes,locks,and a horse harness-provide rich details about the lives of Muscovites of the past.Now Moscow,a city with more and more modern structures appearing all the time,remains,largely distinguished by Byzantine cathedrals,15th and 16th century stone buildings,and the

11、elegant estates of the 18th and 19th centuries.46.What is the meaning of the word“chaotic”(Para,2.Line1)in this passage?A.Disordered B.UnformedC.Planetary D.Distant47.From the information in paragraph 2,we can infer that _.A.the people of Moscow are more interested in modernization than in preservat

12、ionB.the Soviet government destroyed many old buildings in keeping with an anti-czarist policy.C.there are very few 850-years-old cities in existence and fewer yet that preserve their past.D.Moscow has a history of invasions,with each new conqueror destroying the buildings of the previous regime.48.

13、New buildings flourished in Moscow to _.A.bring back the old glory of the cityB.destroy the old buildingsC.compare with the old buildingsD.represent progress.49.Which of the following assumptions most influenced the views expressed by the writer?A.Generally speaking,people are most interested in bui

14、lding new structures than saving old oneB.Architectural history has little meaning to people struggling to form a new government.C.Progress and preservation are equally important principles of urban planning.D.Archaeologists and bureaucrats generally to not word well together.50.Which of the followi

15、ng is TRUE of archaeologists in Moscow?A.They have uncovered a great number of historically significant items,both large and small.B.They operate under severe time constraints,as contractors wait to begin new buildings.C.They are not nearly enough archaeological teams to conduct all the possible res

16、earch.慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 4468 第 3 共 4 D.They are concerned about preserving the artifacts of modes of transportation in particular.参考答案解析Passage two【文章大意】本文主要述的是莫斯科建筑。莫斯科建筑很大的一个特点是“建筑格的大”。莫斯科的建筑是在“旧的墟”上建立“新的城市”，而致的果是莫斯科建筑的分。莫斯科始挽救和保存尽可能多的建筑物，新的建筑物可能会永久地摧史。但是新的建筑物代表，而是国家展所必的，因此，保存和展是它所采取的不同的展

17、策略。【答案与解析】46.A 【解析】推。根据第二段的“ended with the destruction of the largely wooden city and the building of the“new”city on top of the ruins of the old”可推出，chaotic是指的“混乱，无秩序的”，故A。Bunformed“未成形的，未充分展的”，Cplanetary“行星的”，D“distant”遥的，均不符合。47.A【解析】推理判断。本可用排除法。根据文章第二段可知，第二段并没有提到是政府摧多的古老建筑物是了迎合反沙皇政策，故排除B，C“很少有存8

18、50年的建筑物，而保存有它史的建筑物就更少了”和D“莫斯科有的史，占一新地方都会摧先前王国的的建筑物”并没有提到，故正确答案A。48.D【解析】事。定位到文章第三段“Recognizing that new building represents progress,and progress is necessary for the growth of the nation,new building is flourishing in Moscow.”，由此句可知，正确答案D。49.C【解析】推理判断。定位到文章第三段“Recognizing that new building represen

19、ts progress,and progress is necessary for the growth of the nation,new building is flourishing in Moscow.However,the Department of Preservation of Historical Monuments is insuring that building is done in a manner that respects the past.”可知，作者的点是建立在展与保存城市的展都是很重要的，故正确答案C。慧考博考博第一品牌 慧网 考博咨QQ：400 622 44

20、68 第 4 共 4 50.A【解析】推理判断。根据文章最后一段，莫斯科的建筑学家已露了很多的具有重大史意的建筑物，如Byzantine cathedrals,15th and 16th century stone buildings,and the elegant estates of the 18th and 19th centuries，故正确答案A。【句剖析】1、Moscow has a history of chaotic periods that ended with the destruction of the largely wooden city and the buildi

21、ng of the“new”city on top of the ruins of the old.【参考文】莫斯科了一个的期，一期以大部分木制城市的摧和在墟之上建立新城市而束。【构分析】此句包含一个that引的从句，从句中的the destruction of the largely wooden city 和the building of the“new”city on top of the ruins of the old是并列成分，做with的。2、However,the Department of Preservation of Historical Monuments is insuring that building is done in a manner that respects the past.【参考文】然而，史建筑物保存委会保，已完成的建筑物在某程度上是去的一尊敬。【构分析】个句子从句当中又切有从句，insure后跟了一个that引的从句，在that引的从句中又跟了一个that引的定从句。