考研英语真题解析.docx

《考研英语真题解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语真题解析.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、考研英语真题解析 真题既可以包含某年某项考试全部内容的完整试卷，也可以同类型汇总的形式出现的专项训练，你做过的真题有多少呢？下面是我收集举荐的历年考研英语真题，仅供参考，欢迎阅读。 考研英语真题 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text。 Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。 (10 points) People have speculated for centuries

2、 about a future without work 。Today is no different， with academics， writers， and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers。 Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 。 A few wealthy people will own all the capital， and the masses will struggle in an i

3、mpoverished wasteland。 A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed。 6 ， todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time。 One G

4、allup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7 Americans。 Also， some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is s

5、hortage of well-paid jobs。 Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future。 But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease。 Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employm

6、ent。 In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure。 Today， the 15 of work may be a bit overblown。 “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecture

7、r at the National University of Ireland in Galway。 These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs。 “When I come home from a hard days work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding， “In a

8、 world in which I dont have to work， I might feel rather different”perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters。 1。A boasting B denying C warning D ensuring 2。A inequality B instability C unreliability D uncertainty 3。A

9、policy Bguideline C resolution D prediction 4。A characterized Bdivided C balanced Dmeasured 5。A wisdom B meaning C glory D freedom 6。A Instead B Indeed C Thus D Nevertheless 7。A rich B urban Cworking D educated 8。A explanation B requirement C compensation D substitute 9。A under B beyond C alongside

10、D among 10。A leave behind B make up C worry about D set aside 11。A statistically B occasionally C necessarily D economically 12。A chances B downsides C benefits D principles 13。A absence B height C face D course 14。A disturb B restore C exclude D yield 15。A model B practice C virtue D hardship 16。A

11、tricky B lengthy C mysterious D scarce 17。A demands B standards C qualities D threats 18。A ignored B tired C confused D starved 19。A off B against C behind D into 20。A technological B professional C educational D interpersonal Section II Reading Comprehension Text 2 With so much focus on childrens u

12、se of screens， its easy for parents to forget about their own screen use。 “Tech is designed to really suck on you in，” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play， “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement。 It makes it hard to disengage， and leads to a lot of bleed-over into

13、the family routine。 ” Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise。 She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their childre

14、n。 During a separate observation， she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family。 Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention。 Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world， and if those face

15、s are blank and unresponsiveas they often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children。 Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s。 In it， a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way befo

16、re putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention。 “Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times， but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and s

17、ensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need，” says Radesky。 On the other hand， Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children： “I

18、ts based on a somewhat fantasized， very white， very upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30，000 words you are neglecting them。” Tronick believes that just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives

19、 parents time to have a shower， do housework or simply have a break from their child。 Parents， he says， can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way。 This can make them feel happier， which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the tim

20、e。 According to Jenny Radesky， digital products are designed to _。 A simplify routine matters B absorb user attention C better interpersonal relations D increase work efficiency Radeskys food-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices _。 A takes away babies appetite B distracts childrens att

21、ention C slows down babies verbal development D reduces mother-child communication Radeskys cites the “still face experiment” to show that _。 A it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions B verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange C children are insensitive to changes i

22、n their parents mood D parents need to respond to childrens emotional needs The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_。 A protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies B teach their kids at least 30，000 words a year C ensure constant interaction with their children D remain con

23、cerned about kids use of screens According to Tronick， kids use of screens may_。 A give their parents some free time B make their parents more creative C help them with their homework D help them become more attentive Text 3 Today， widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjuncti

24、on with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year。 After all， if everyone you know is going to college in the fall， it seems silly to stay back a year， doesnt it? And after going to school for 12 years， it

25、doesnt feel natural to spend a year doing something that isnt academic。 But while this may be true， its not a good enough reason to condemn gap years。 Theres always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line，” whether that be toward graduate

26、school， medical school or lucrative career。 But despite common misconceptions， a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuitsin fact， it probably enhances it。 Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perfor

27、m better in college than those who do not。 Rather than pulling students back， a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence， new responsibilities and environmental changesall things that first-year students often struggle with the most。 Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when

28、 it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment， making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders。 If youre not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests， then consider its financial impact on futur

29、e academic choices。 According to the National Center for Education Statistics， nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once。 This isnt surprising， considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listin

30、g one major on their college applications， but switching to another after taking college classes。 Its not necessarily a bad thing， but depending on the school， it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game。 At Boston College， for example， you would have to complete an extr

31、a year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department。 Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on。 One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that 。 A they think it academically misleading B they have

32、a lot of fun to expect in college C it feels strange to do differently from others D it seems worthless to take off-campus courses Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps 。 A keep students from being unrealistic B lower risks in choosing careers C ease freshmens financia

33、l burdens D relieve freshmen of pressures The word “acclimation” (Line 8， Para。 3) is closest in meaning to 。 A adaptation B application C motivation D competition A gap year may save money for students by helping them 。 A avoid academic failures B establish long-term goals C switch to another colle

34、ge D decide on the right major The most suitable title for this text would be 。 A In Favor of the Gap Year B The ABCs of the Gap Year C The Gap Year Comes Back D The Gap Year： A Dilemma Text 4 Though often viewed as a problem for western states， the growing frequency of wildfires is a national conce

35、rn because of its impact on federal tax dollars， says Professor Max Moritz， a specialist in fire ecology and management。 In 2022， the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting firesnearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 yea

36、rs ago。 In effect， fewer federal funds today are going towards the agencys other worksuch as forest conservation， watershed and cultural resources management， and infrastructure upkeepthat affect the lives of all Americans。 Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are g

37、oing into construction in fire-prone districts。 As Moritz puts it， how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire? “Its already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country，” he says。” We need to take a magnifying glass to that。 Li

38、ke， “Wait a minute， is this OK?” “Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?” Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire， researchers say。 For one thing， conversations about wildfires need to be more i

39、nclusive。 Over the past decade， the focus has been on climate changehow the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires。 While climate is a key element， Moritz says， it shouldnt come at the expense of the rest of the equation。 “The human systems and the land

40、scapes we live on are linked， and the interactions go both ways，” he says。 Failing to recognize that， he notes， leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be。 Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited。” At the same time， people continue to tr

41、eat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity， says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado。 But acknowledging fires inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws， policies， and practices that make it as safe as po

42、ssible， she says。 “Weve disconnected ourselves from living with fire，” Balch says。 “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today。” More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2022 they 。 A exhausted unprecedented manage

43、ment efforts B consumed a record-high percentage of budget C severely damaged the ecology of western states D caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” to 。 A raise more funds for fire-prone areas B avoid the redirection of federal money C find

44、 wildfire-free parts of the landscape D guarantee safer spending of public funds While admitting that climate is a key element， Moritz notes that 。 A public debates have not settled yet B fire-fighting conditions are improving C other factors should not be overlooked D a shift in the view of fire ha

45、s taken place The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to 。 A discover the fundamental makeup of nature B explore the mechanism of the human systems C maximize the role of landscape in human life D understand the interrelations of man and nature Professor Balch points out th

46、at fire is something man should 。 A do away with B come to terms with C pay a price for D keep away from Part B Directions： Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column。 There are two extra choices in the right column。 Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET。 (10 points) The