考研英语阅读理解标准90篇+提高30篇unit-912939.pdf

《考研英语阅读理解标准90篇+提高30篇unit-912939.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语阅读理解标准90篇+提高30篇unit-912939.pdf（20页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 学英语 找长喜 1 Unit 9 Old sin makes new shame.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒 学习内容 题 材 词 数 建议时间 得分统计 做题备忘 Part A Text 1 商业经济 431 /10 Text 2 科普知识 439 /10 Text 3 社会生活 423 /10 Text 4 文化教育 436 /10 Part B 社会生活 646 /10 Part C 科普知识 351 /10 Part A Directions：Read the following texts.Answer the questions blow each text by choosing A

2、,B,C or D.Text 1 Deanne Julius,a former member of the Bank of Englands monetary policy committee,argued in a recent speech that there is a risk of a significant deflationary period in the main economies between now and 2005.But many of todays central bankers,brought up to believe that their job is t

3、o fight inflation,seem to be underplaying the risk.Deflation is much more harmful than inflation.Falling prices encourage consumers to postpone spending in the expectation of cheaper goods tomorrow;they also make it impossible to deliver negative real interest rates if these are needed to drag an ec

4、onomy out of recession.Most dangerous of all is a cocktail of deflation and debt.Deflation pushes up the real burden of debt,while the value of assets linked to that debt,such as house prices,may have to fall even more sharply in nominal terms to return to a fair level.This has already caused severe

5、 balance-sheet problems in Japan,and now America and Germany may be at risk:In both countries debts have surged to record levels.Central bankers in America and Europe but not in Japan still have room to cut interest rates.However,the European Central Bank(ECB)held interest rates unchanged at 3.25%on

6、 September 12th.So long as inflation remains above the ECBs target of“less than 2%”,the bank will be in no rush to ease policy.The Fed is also widely expected to keep rates steady at its policy meeting on September 24th.Why wait,when the risks are so lop-sided?Once deflation sets in,monetary policy

7、can do little to revive an economy.If economies perk up and a rate cut turns out to have been unnecessary,it can be reversed:With ample excess capacity,the risk of inflation taking off is low.Many central bankers do not seem to grasp that this economic cycle is different from its predecessors.The re

8、cession was caused not,as before,by inflation taking off,but by the bursting of an asset-price bubble.American economists blame Japans deflation on the incompetence of its policymakers.There is some truth in this,but the awkward fact is that post-bubble economies tend to be deflation-prone.Even with

9、 interest rates at zero,Japan might have escaped deflation two years ago,when the American economy was strong,by devaluing the yen.But the world economy cannot pull off that trick.That is why central banks in America and Europe need to heed the danger now.“Deflation 学英语 找长喜 2 is like quicksand,”says

10、 Dylan Grice,“easy to get stuck in,more difficult to escape.”1.It can be inferred that many of todays central bankers A dont know how to fight deflation.B dont regard fighting deflation as their job.C dont pay enough attention to the danger of deflation.D dont think there exists a risk of deflation.

11、2.According to the text,during deflation falling prices might lead to A consumers frantic purchasing.B consumers suspending their purchasing plan.C an excess of demand over supply.D the delivery of negative real interest rates.3.The balance-sheet problems in Japan is mentioned to illustrate the dang

12、er of A a cocktail of deflation and debt.B zero interest rates.C economic recession.D wrong monetary policies.4.It seems that American and European central bankers dont know A they still have room to cut interest rates.B the recession this time was caused by the bursting of an asset-price bubble.C J

13、apans deflation was not due to the incompetence of its policymakers.D the world economy might escape deflation with zero interest rates 5.The authors attitude towards deflation is A frightened.B worried.C unconcerned.D confused.Text 2 Engineers and scientists working on NASAs Mars Exploration Rover

14、project are in the final stages of readying the twin robots for launch and picking safe and scientifically rewarding landing sites on the Red Planet.During the past two years,Mars scientists have mulled over some 185 landing sites.They have debated the merits of each,and continue to wrestle with a m

15、atrix of maddening worries from high winds,dust and swings of daylight temperatures to dangerous rocks that might cripple chances for successfully landing and operating the robots.Four landing locales have been culled from a huge list of promising sites.Each has its merits as well as drawbacks.“Firs

16、t and foremost,of course,is the fact that if you dont land safely you dont get any science back.This is in fact the first time that site selection has used science to triage landing sites on Mars,”said John Grant,co-chair of the Landing Site Steering Committee.Those landing locations are on the tabl

17、e because they address the science objectives of the rover missions:Determine if water was present on Mars and whether there are conditions favorable to the preservation of evidence for ancient life.Each wheeled rover carries the Athena package of science gear.That array of equipment has undergone r

18、igorous calibration and testing.Matching Athenas performance to the right site to maximize scientific output and achieve testing of scientific hypotheses is crucial.Each rover will have a primary mission lasting at least three months on the Martian surface.学英语 找长喜 3 Manning served similar duty for t

19、he Mars Pathfinder/Sojournerrover mission that touched down on the Red Planet in July 1997.The project was less than three years from start to launch.Manning said,“We had to do so much over again.So many parts of the system we had to go back and re-engineer for this larger mass vehicle.For instance,

20、the huge gaggle of airbags that cocoons each rover during hard landing has been dropped tested some 50 times.Early tests proved worrisome so much so that significant beefing up of the airbags was necessary.Similarly,there were a number of ill-fated tests of the MER parachute system.That too demanded

21、 considerable extra work to iron out a mission trouble spot.”For Jim Garvin,NASA led scientists for Mars exploration，MER is the first real taste of the surface.The twin rovers armed with the Athena science payload will calibrate the whole community on what Mars is truly like.He said,“I like to call

22、rocks Mother Natures artifacts.I think what MER will give us is far less confusion about two very different types of sites.”6.What does“wrestle with a matrix of maddening worries”(Line 7,Paragraph 1)mean?ATo fight for the threat of some tricky problems.B To evaluate the advantages of each landing si

23、te.C To find the solutions of many complex problems.D To deal with how to operate robots successfully.7.What is the most important thing for scientists to do in exploration of the Mars?A To decide if conditions are favorable for ancient life.B To find the most appropriate landing sites.C To achieve

24、testing of scientific hypotheses.D To calibrate and test the equipment.8.The safe and scientifically rewarding landing sites on the Mars are A places where the robots can land and determine if there is water on Mars.B locations where scientists can get something unknown about Mars.C sites that do no

25、 harm to astronomers and can provide scientific information.D locales where the twin robots can land safely and get scientific information.9.Mannings statement implies that A many parts of the system had to be re-engineered.B NASA attaches great importance to the MER project.C scientists are not sur

26、e about the MER project.D the MER parachute system had to be tested.10.What is this passage mainly about?A Scientists are heating up the exploration of Mars.B Scientists are trying to find landing sites on the Red Planet.C Scientists are getting scientific information from Mars.D Scientists are know

27、ing little about the four spots on Mars.Text 3 Before the summer of 2000,the 54-year-old John Haughom could accomplish just about anything at work.“I could move mountains if I put my mind to it.”he says in those days.But that summer Haughom found he couldnt move them anymore.On the phone with his wi

28、fe one morning,Haughom broke down.A couple of days later,Haughom checked himself in for a 学英语 找长喜 4 three-week stay at the Professional Renewal Center,an in-patient clinic 30 miles outside Kansas City that helps him deal with stress.Haughom is far from alone.A host of new studies and plenty of anecd

29、otal evidence show that stress in the workplace is skyrocketing.Whatever the cause,stress levels are at record highs.The statistics are startling.According to a new study by the Federal Governments National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,more than half the working people in the U.S.vie

30、w job stress as a major problem in their lives.This year the European Community officially dubbed stress the second-biggest occupational-health problem facing the continent.Ten years ago experts warned that stress was out of control,in part because of a shaky economy.Whats notable about todays wave

31、of stressed-out workers is that it rises all the way to the top.Lack of control is generally considered one of the biggest job stressors,so it used to be thought that middle managers carried the brunt:Sandwiched between the top and the bottom,they end up with little authority.Powerful chief executiv

32、es officers(CEOs)were seen as the least threatened by stress.But in todays tough economy,top executives dont have as much control as they used to.“Stress is just part of the job,fortunately or unfortunately,stress is part of our character building,”Lebenthal says.“But I think I dont need any more ch

33、aracter building.What I need is a vacation.”But if you think that going on vacation is hard and studies show that 85%of corporate executives dont use all the time off theyre entitled to seeking treatment for stress is even harder.Being able to handle stress is perhaps the most basic of job expectati

34、ons.So among the corporate elite,succumbing to it is considered a shameful weakness.Stress has become the last affliction that people wont dare admit to.Most senior executives who are undergoing treatment for stress and even many who arent refused to talk on the record about the topic.“Nothing good

35、can come out of having your name in a story like this.”one CEO said through his therapist.11.What does the sentence“Haughom is far from alone”(line1,Para.2)mean?A Haughom does not feel lonely though he lives by himself.B There are many other people who are afflicted by stress.C Haughom lives far fro

36、m the workplace where he works by himself.D Haughom does not feel lonely even if he stays at the Center by himself.12.What is the European Communitys attitude toward stress?A Stress is a disease that people should try to handle.B Stress has great influence on working peoples lives.C Stress is one of

37、 the most serious occupational problems.D Stress is a major problem all the people face.13.Why are middle managers regarded as most threatened by stress?A Because they dont have as much control as they used to.B Because they are not able to handle stress.C Because they have little power over the sit

38、uation in the company.D Because they need more character building.14.The CEOs statement in the last sentence of this passage implies that A stress has become such a taboo that people wont dare admit.B CEOs dont like their names appearing in story books.学英语 找长喜 5 C CEOs are afraid of being recorded.D

39、 not admitting this weakness will produce something good.15.What is this text mainly about?A Increasingly serious lack of vacation in peoples work.B The second biggest disease in the world.C The most serious problem people have to face.D Serious pressure faced by working people.Text 4 With its commo

40、n interest in law-breaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely-varying methods of treatment,the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature,or,at least,as a distinct,even though a slightly disreputable,of shoot of the traditional novel.T

41、he detective story is probably the most respectable at any rate in the narrow sense of the word of the crime species.Its creation is often the relaxation of University dons,literary economists,scientists or even poets.Fatalities may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in po

42、lite society,but the world in which they happen,the village,seaside resort,college or studio,is familiar to us,if not from our own experience,at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends.The characters,though normally realized superficially,are as recognizably human and consistent as our less i

43、ntimate associates.A story set in a more remote environment,African jungle,or Australian bush,ancient China or gas-lit London,appeals to our interest in geography or history,and most detective storywriters are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background.The elaborate,carefully assem

44、bled plot,despised by the modern intellectual critics and creators of significant novels,has found refuge in the murder mystery,with its sprinkling of clues,its spicing with apparent impossibilities,all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end.With the guilt of escapism from Real Life

45、nagging gently,we secretly revel in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human detective,who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent.Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts,the thriller presents a less comfortable and credible

46、 world.The sequence of fist fights,revolver duels,car crashes and escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero,who,suffering from at least two broken ribs,one black eye,uncountable bruises and a hangover,can still chase and overpower an armed villain with the physique o

47、f a wrestler.He moves dangerously through a world of ruthless gangs,brutality,a vicious lust for power and money and,in contrast to the detective tale,with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost accidental.Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of being safely led by our imp

48、erturbable investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to final gathering of suspects when an unchallengeable elucidation of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail.All that we vainly hope for from life is granted in these stories.16.The crime novel may b

49、e regarded as A a respectable form of the traditional novel.B not a true form of novel at all.C related in some ways to the historical novel.学英语 找长喜 6 D an independent development of the novel.17.Intellectuals write detective stories because A the stories are often in fact very instructive.B they en

50、joy writing these stories in their spare time.C these stories demands considerable intelligence.D the stories are an accepted branch of literature.18.What feature of the detective story is despised by intellectual critics?A The many seeming impossible events.B The unmasking of the evil and the recog