中考英语总复习专项突破语法复习《动词及动词短语》精品学案(整理含答案)17875.pdf

《中考英语总复习专项突破语法复习《动词及动词短语》精品学案(整理含答案)17875.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语总复习专项突破语法复习《动词及动词短语》精品学案(整理含答案)17875.pdf（13页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 1 中考英语总复习专项突破语法复习精品学案 语法 动词及动词短语 考点一 常见易混动词辨析 1 spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”。spend 主语是人，可指花费时间和金钱。spend.on.;spend.(in)doing sth.pay 主语是人，指花费金钱。pay.for.spend.on cost 主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱。sth.cost(sb.).take 多用 it 作形式主语，指花费时间。It takes sb.to do sth.Sb.spend.(in)doing sth.2.look/watch/see/read 表示“看”。look 看(动作)；

2、可单独成句；look at.watch 看(电视、比赛)；注视 see 看见(结果)；看望；理解(I see.)read 看(书、报)；读 look 可以表示“看上去”，是感官动词，后接形容词。看病(看医生)用 see a doctor表示。3 speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”。speak 发言；说(某种语言)say 说(内容)；写有 talk 谈论，talk about sth.;talk to/with sb.tell 告诉；讲述；tell sb.(not)to do sth.4.感官动词 look/taste/sound/feel/smell。look 看起来(视觉)ta

3、ste 尝起来(味觉)sound 听起来(听觉)2 feel 摸起来(触觉)smell 闻起来(嗅觉)5.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”。borrow(向别人)借用；borrow sth.from sb.lend 借给(别人);lend sth.to sb.keep 借用若干时间；keep.for 2 days 6.hope/wish/expect hope 希望；hope to to sth.;hopethat 从句 wish 但愿、希望；wish to do sth.;wish sb.to do sth.;wishthat 从句 expect 期待、期望；expect to d

4、o sth.;expect sb.to do sth.7.forget/leave forget 表示“忘记”时，forget 通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用 leave 在表示“遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点的状语连用 8.hear/listen/sound hear 听见；hear名词(强调听的结果)listen 听；listen to 名词(强调听的过程)sound 听起来；sound形容词(强调听的效果)9.wear/put on/dress/be in wear“穿着；戴着”，强调状态，wear 后可接穿戴的东西，包括眼镜、首饰等 put on“穿上；戴上”，指“穿”的动作，反义词为

5、“take off”dress“穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某人穿衣服”；dress onself“打扮；给自己穿衣服”be in 表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表示颜色的词 10.reach/get/arrive 3 reach“到达”，是及物动词(比 get 更正式)，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)get“到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 to arrive“到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)单项选择 1 Oh,dear!I cant find my key to the office.Dont worry.I

6、 think you might it in your car.A offer B forget C borrow D leave 2 Wow,your sweater is very beautiful!How much is it?Thank you.It me 30 dollars.A spent B paid C cost D took 考点二 动词短语辨析 常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。1 同一动词的不同搭配：look 短语 look after照料；照顾 look at 看 look for

7、 寻找；寻求 look forward to盼望；期待 look out 当心；向外看 look through快速查看；浏览 look up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看 look up to钦佩；仰慕 cut 短语 cut down砍倒；减少 cut off切除 cut out 删除；删去 cut up 切碎 run 短语 run after追逐；追赶 run away跑开 run out(of)用尽；耗尽 4 turn 短语 turn down调低；拒绝 turn up 调高 turn.into变成 turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开 turn off关掉 tur

8、n left/right向左/右转 take 短语 take after(外貌或行为)像 take care of照顾；处理 take down拆除；往下拽；记录 take in 吸入；吞入(体内)take off脱掉；起飞 take place 发生；出现 take up(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占据 get 短语 get dressed穿上衣服 get into 陷入；参与 get lost 迷路 get off下车 get on 上车 get on with和睦相处；关系良好 get up 起床；站起 use 短语 be/get used to习惯于 be used to do被用来

9、做 used to 曾经；过去 give 短语 give away赠送；捐赠 give out 分发；散发 give up 放弃 give in 屈服 call 短语 call(sb.)back(给某人)回电话 call in 召来；叫来 call up 打电话给(某人)；征召 come 短语 come true 实现；成为现实 come up with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)bring 短语 bring back恢复；使想起；归还 5 bring out使显现；使表现出 fall短语 fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着 fall down突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌 fall in lov

10、e爱上；喜欢上 fall over绊倒 go 短语 go along(the street)沿着(这条街)走 go off(闹钟)发出响声 go out外出(娱乐)make短语 make sure确保；查明 make up编造(故事、谎言等)put 短语 put on增加(体重)；发胖；穿上 put off推迟 put up 搭起；举起；张贴 put away收拾(整理)好 put sth.to good use好好利用某物 set短语 set out出发；启程 set up建起；建立 2 同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配：up 短语 call up打电话给(某人)；征召 cheer up(使)

11、变得更高兴；振奋起来 clean up打扫(或清除)干净 cut up切碎 dress up装扮；乔装打扮 end up最终成为；最后处于 fix up修理；解决 give up放弃 grow up长大；成熟 hurry up赶快；急忙 look up查找；抬头看 make up编造(故事、谎言等)pick up捡起；接电话 put up 搭起；举起 set up建起；建立 show up赶到；露面 stay up熬夜 take up(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占据 6 wake up醒；叫醒 out 短语 blow out吹灭 bring out使显现；使表现出 check out察看；观

12、察 clear out清理；丢掉 find out 查明；弄清 give out分发；散发 go out 外出(娱乐)hand out 分发 hang out闲逛；常去某处 lay out摆开；布置 leave out不包括；不提及；忽略 run out(of)用尽；耗尽 sell out卖光 set out出发；启程 work out成功地发展；解决 down 短语 die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 let.down使失望 lie down躺下 pull.down拆下；摧毁 write down写下；记录下 with 短语 agree with同意；赞成 compare.with比较；对

13、比 connect.with.把和连接或联系起来 deal with应付；处理 part with放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)3 完全不同的动词词组：ask for请求；恳求(给予)care for照顾；非常喜欢 believe in信任；信赖 care about关心；在意 clean.off把擦掉 depend on依靠；信赖 divide.into把分开 separate from分开；分离 hear from接到(某人的)信、电话等 throw away扔掉；抛弃 drop by顺便访问；随便进入 stick to坚持；固守 pay attention to注意；关注 pass by

14、路过；经过 pay for付费；付出代价 prepare for为做准备 pull together齐心协力；通力合作 7 shut off关闭；停止运转 take sb.s place代替；替换 think of认为 (一)单项选择 1 Anna is preparing for the coming exam,so she has to the invitation to the party.A turn on B turn down C turn off D turn up 2 These new types of energy cost very little and will nev

15、er A look out B come out C run out D stay out 3 Jack is telling everyone he has bought a new car.Pay no attention to him.He is just Ataking off B showing off C driving off D setting off 4 Im sorry to on you,but there are one or two things I dont understand.It doesnt matter.A cut down B cut out C cut

16、 in D cut off(二)完成句子 如果你不想陷入麻烦，就不要忽略任何小错误。If you dont want to get into trouble,please dont any small mistakes.考点三 情态动词 8 1.情态动词过去式与原形相比，表示更委婉的语气。2 mustnt表示否定意义，意为“禁止，不允许”。9 3 have to有人称、数和时态的变化，表示受客观条件限制，意为“不得不”。She has to take the bus to work.她不得不坐公交车去上班。4“May.？”句式的否定回答：No,.cant.“Must.？”句式的否定回答：No,

17、.neednt.单项选择 1)Recently people in China take much money on shopping because they often use Alipay(支付宝)A neednt B mustnt C shouldnt D cant 2 I swim here?Im sorry.Children swim alone here.Its very dangerous.A Must;cant B May;must C Can;mustnt D Cant;can 3 To keep children away from danger during the c

18、oming summer holiday,parents give them some safety tips.A should B may C could D might 4 This book be Lucys.Look!Her name is on it.A can B may C must D might 考点四 系动词 系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的身份、性质、特征等。分类 常见例词 表示状态的系动词 be 表示持续性的系动词 keep,remain,stay,stand 表示感官的系动词 taste,smell,feel,look,sound

19、 表示变化的系动词 become,turn,go,grow,get 单项选择 1The soup would better with more salt.A eat B sound C taste D feel 2(2018重庆中考 B 卷)The cake delicious.Id like to have another one.10 A tastes B looks C sounds D feels 3 The cheese cake so good that I cant wait to eat it.A tastes B feels C sounds D smells 考点五 助动词

20、 1 助动词 be 主要用来表示各种时态和被动语态。2 助动词 do 有人称和时态的变化，主要用来构成谓语是实义动词的句子的否定句、疑问句或对谓语动词进行强调。Do you know China well？你很了解中国吗？Did your father call you yesterday？你爸爸昨天给你打电话了吗？3 助动词 have可与过去分词构成各种时态。11 You havent been abroad before,have you？你以前没出过国，是不是？单项选择 What time Jim usually take a shower,Rick?He usually takes a

21、 shower at six forty.A do B does C did D doing 参考答案 考点一 1 2 DC 考点二(一)14 BCBC(二)leave out 考点三 1 4 ACAC 考点四 1 3 CAD 考点五 B 12 动词专题提升演练 考点一 实义动词 1.Whats wrong with Simon?He isnt at school today.His legs hurt.He was by a motorcycle this morning.A.treated B.hit C.operated D.cured 答案:B 2.While traveling in

22、 a strange place,youd better the local people and follow their customs(习俗).A.watch B.change C.control D.teach 答案:A 考点二 系动词 1.Mom is making dinner.It so nice!A.smells B.tastes C.feels D.sounds 答案:A 2.This silk dress so smooth.Its made in China.A.tastes B.smells C.sounds D.feels 答案:D 3.The cake delici

23、ous.Id like to have another one.A.tastes B.looks C.sounds D.feels 答案:A 考点三 助动词 1.Oh,no!I cant find my mobile phone!Well,where you last put it?A.have B.do C.did D.are 答案:C 2.Hows Annie?I her for a long time.A.dont see B.wont see C.didnt see D.havent seen 13 答案:D 考点四 情态动词 1.Must I go out to have dinne

24、r with you,Mum?No,you ,my dear.Youre free to make your own decision.A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.cant 答案:C 2.you swim?Yes,but Im not a good swimmer.A.Can B.May C.Need D.Must 答案:A 3.How is your friend coming?Im not sure.He drive here.A.may B.can C.must D.will 答案:A 4.In some countries,people download(下载)music from the Internet without paying,because its against the law.A.wouldnt B.neednt C.mustnt D.couldnt 答案:C