专业英语第一学期课件.ppt
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1、 Water Supply&Drainage Engineering Specialized English(for Grade08,09)Li Dong Mei Faculty of Municipal Public Equipment,School of Civil&transportation EngineeringTo protect Water environment is our responsibility!Some requirements of grasping knowledge about Water treatment in the first term Main co
2、ntents of instruction water resources and water crisis(lesson1 and extra introduction)water quality and water processing(lesson3,lesson58)Lecture(project report presentations will be held third times)Purposes:Purposes:after the course,the student should be able to after the course,the student should
3、 be able to comprehend knowledge of the main principles for comprehend knowledge of the main principles for water resources protection and water treatment water resources protection and water treatment processesprocesses explain the situation of water resources and solutions explain the situation of
4、 water resources and solutions of water crisis of water crisis explain fundamental mechanisms and technologies of explain fundamental mechanisms and technologies of pollutants removalpollutants removal explain the importance of water mornitoring and explain the importance of water mornitoring and ma
5、nagement management grasp main principles and technologies of water grasp main principles and technologies of water treatment treatment apply the courses theories and methods for the apply the courses theories and methods for the analysis of particulates interaction and mechanism analysis of particu
6、lates interaction and mechanism apply conventional principles and technologies to apply conventional principles and technologies to remove pollutants.remove pollutants.mini-projectsStudy on the treatment efficiency of micro-pollutants contained in raw water in pearl river in Guangzhou:(1)NH3-N(conce
7、ntration:1mg/L,3mg/L,8mg/L);(2)Natural organic matters(for short:NOM):humus(concentration:1mg/L,3mg/L,8mg/L);(3)Nitrobenzene(concentration:3mg/L);(4)surfactant-Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate(for short:SDS,concentration:3mg/L)introduction of project dissolved micro-pollutants in water body include two parts:
8、organic matters,metallic ions.The most tough problem is removal of dissolved low molecular weight organic matters1)properties of dissolved micro-pollution low molecular weight organic matters(1)low molecular weight:500 Dalton,size,P-AC(2)dissolvedAttached and Modify the surface properties of inorgan
9、ic particles(3)low concentrationLimitation of conventional chemicals,microorganism2).treatment methodsPretreatment technology,Enhanced conventional processes,advanced treatment methods(1)Pretreatment processes:pre-oxidation,pre-biological treatment,P-AC adsorption(2)Enhanced conventional processes:E
10、nhanced coagulation,settling,filtration(3)Advanced treatment methods:GAC adsorption,photo-catalysis oxidation,O3-GAC,O3-BAC,membrane filtration3).situations in ChinaEnhanced conventional processes are popular.Many kinds of dissolved micro-pollution low molecular weight organic matters are in rivers.
11、Conventional theory and technology are the main part.(1)Pretreatment processes and problems:pre-chlorination(98%,for organic matters),pre-biological treatment(several),P-AC adsorption(water emergency,seldom)Problems:by-products(THMs),low efficiencies.(2)Enhanced conventional processes and problems:E
12、nhanced coagulation(100%),and enhanced filtration(seldom).Problem:removal rate of dissolved micro-pollution low molecular weight organic matters 20-30%(3)Advanced treatment methods:GAC adsorption(20%),photo-catalysis oxidation(seldom),O3-GAC(20%),O3-BAC(seldom),membrane filtration(5-8%)Low efficienc
13、y of GAC adsorption,high energy consumption of oxidation,high cost of membrane.Why?cost and technologies(absent!)How to change the situation in China?The biggest problem is how to innovate enhanced conventional processes,how to improve the removal efficiencies of dissolved micro-pollution low molecu
14、lar weight organic matters Land,money,technologies are limited,recognition cant follow Authoritative standards of the national water quality management GB5749-85GB5749-85生活饮用水卫生标准生活饮用水卫生标准 (卫生部)(卫生部)生活饮用水水质卫生规范生活饮用水水质卫生规范2001 2001 (卫生部)(卫生部)CJ/T2062005CJ/T2062005城市供水水质标准城市供水水质标准(建设部)(建设部)GB5749-2006
15、GB5749-2006生活饮用水卫生标准生活饮用水卫生标准(卫生部)(卫生部)SL308SL308村镇供水单位资质规范村镇供水单位资质规范 (水利部)(水利部)Revised 生活饮用水卫生标准生活饮用水卫生标准表表1 1 水质常规检验项目及限值水质常规检验项目及限值项项目目单单位位限限值值1、微生物学指标、微生物学指标*(4项项)总大肠菌群总大肠菌群MPN/100mL或或CFU/100mL不得检出不得检出耐热大肠菌群耐热大肠菌群MPN/100mL或或CFU/100mL不得检出不得检出大肠埃希氏菌大肠埃希氏菌MPN/100mL或或CFU/100mL不得检出不得检出菌落总数菌落总数CFU/mL1
16、002、毒理学指标、毒理学指标(15项项)砷砷mg/L0.01镉镉mg/L0.005铬(六价)铬(六价)mg/L0.05铅铅mg/L0.01汞汞mg/L0.001硒硒mg/L0.01氰化物氰化物mg/L0.05氟化物氟化物mg/L1.0硝酸盐(以硝酸盐(以N计)计)mg/L10,水源限制时,水源限制时20三氯甲烷三氯甲烷mg/L0.06四氯化碳四氯化碳mg/L0.002溴酸盐(使用臭氧时)溴酸盐(使用臭氧时)mg/L0.01甲醛(使用臭氧时)甲醛(使用臭氧时)mg/L0.9亚氯酸盐(只用于二氧化氯消毒)亚氯酸盐(只用于二氧化氯消毒)mg/L0.7氯酸盐(只用于复合二氧化氯消毒)氯酸盐(只用于复
17、合二氧化氯消毒)mg/L0.73、感官性状和一般化学指标、感官性状和一般化学指标(17项项)色色铂钴色度单位铂钴色度单位15浑浊度浑浊度NTU(散射浊度单位散射浊度单位)1,水源与净水技术条件限制时为,水源与净水技术条件限制时为3臭和味臭和味无异臭、异味无异臭、异味肉眼可见物肉眼可见物无无pHpH单位单位不小于不小于6.5;不大于;不大于8.5溶解性总固体溶解性总固体mg/L1000总硬度总硬度(以以CaCO3计计)mg/L450耗氧量(耗氧量(CODMn法,以法,以O2计)计)mg/L3(超过超过类水源原水类水源原水6mg/L时为时为5)挥发酚类(以苯酚计)挥发酚类(以苯酚计)mg/L0.0
18、02阴离子合成洗涤剂阴离子合成洗涤剂mg/L0.3铝铝mg/L0.2铁铁mg/L0.3锰锰mg/L0.1铜铜mg/L1.0锌锌mg/L1.0氯化物氯化物mg/L250硫酸盐硫酸盐mg/L2504.放射性物质放射性物质(2项项)总总放射性放射性Bq/L0.5总总放射性放射性Bq/L1.0表表2水质常规检验项目水质常规检验项目(根据所使用的消毒剂确定检验项目(根据所使用的消毒剂确定检验项目(4项)项)消毒剂名称消毒剂名称单位单位接触时间接触时间出厂水中出厂水中限值限值出厂水出厂水中余量中余量管网末梢水管网末梢水中余量中余量氯气及游离氯制剂氯气及游离氯制剂游离氯游离氯mg/L与水接触至少与水接触至少
19、30min出厂出厂40.30.05氯氯 胺胺总氯总氯mg/L与水接触至少与水接触至少120min出厂出厂40.50.50.05臭臭 氧氧O3mg/L与水接触至少与水接触至少12min出厂出厂0.30.02;如加;如加氯氯,总氯总氯0.05二氧化氯二氧化氯ClO2mg/L与水接触至少与水接触至少30min出厂出厂0.80.10.02项项目目单单位位限限值值1、生物学指标、生物学指标(2 2项)项)贾第鞭毛虫贾第鞭毛虫个个/10L1隐孢子虫隐孢子虫个个/10L12、毒理学指标、毒理学指标(5959项)项)锑锑mg/L0.005钡钡mg/L0.7铍铍mg/L0.002硼硼mg/L0.5钼钼mg/L0
20、.07镍镍mg/L0.02银银mg/L0.05铊铊mg/L0.0001三三卤卤甲甲烷烷(三三氯氯甲甲烷烷、一一氯氯二二溴溴甲甲烷烷、二二氯氯一一溴甲烷、三溴甲烷之总和)溴甲烷、三溴甲烷之总和)该该类类化化合合物物中中每每种种化化合合物物的的实实测测浓浓度度与与其各自限值的比值之和不超过其各自限值的比值之和不超过1 1一氯二溴甲烷一氯二溴甲烷mg/L0.1二氯一溴甲烷二氯一溴甲烷mg/L0.06三溴甲烷三溴甲烷mg/L0.1二氯甲烷二氯甲烷mg/L0.02表表3 水质非常规检验项目及限值水质非常规检验项目及限值(64项)1,2-二氯乙烷二氯乙烷mg/L0.031,1,1-三氯乙烷三氯乙烷mg/L
21、2环氧氯丙烷环氧氯丙烷mg/L0.0004氯乙烯氯乙烯mg/L0.0051,1-二氯乙烯二氯乙烯mg/L0.031,2-二氯乙烯二氯乙烯mg/L0.05三氯乙烯三氯乙烯mg/L0.07四氯乙烯四氯乙烯mg/L0.04六氯丁二烯六氯丁二烯mg/L0.0006二氯乙酸二氯乙酸mg/L0.05三氯乙酸三氯乙酸mg/L0.1三氯乙醛(水合氯醛)三氯乙醛(水合氯醛)mg/L0.01氯化氰氯化氰(以(以CN-计)计)mg/L0.07苯苯mg/L0.01甲苯甲苯mg/L0.7二甲苯二甲苯mg/L0.5乙苯乙苯mg/L0.3苯乙烯苯乙烯mg/L0.022,4,6三氯酚三氯酚mg/L0.2苯并苯并(a)芘芘mg
22、/L0.00001氯苯氯苯mg/L0.31,2-二氯苯二氯苯mg/L11 1,4-4-二氯苯二氯苯mg/Lmg/L0.30.3三氯苯(总量)三氯苯(总量)mg/Lmg/L0.020.02邻苯二甲酸二(邻苯二甲酸二(2-2-乙基己基)酯乙基己基)酯mg/Lmg/L0.0080.008丙烯酰胺丙烯酰胺mg/Lmg/L0.00050.0005微微 囊囊 藻藻 毒毒 素素-LR-LRmg/Lmg/L0.0010.001灭草松灭草松mg/Lmg/L0.30.3百菌清百菌清mg/Lmg/L0.010.01滴滴涕滴滴涕mg/Lmg/L0.0010.001溴氰菊酯溴氰菊酯mg/Lmg/L0.020.02乐果乐
23、果mg/Lmg/L0.080.082 2,4-4-滴滴mg/Lmg/L0.030.03七氯七氯 mg/Lmg/L0.00040.0004六氯苯六氯苯mg/Lmg/L0.0010.001六六六(总量)六六六(总量)mg/Lmg/L0.0050.005林丹(林丹(-六六六)六六六)mg/Lmg/L0.0020.002mg/L0.250.003mg/L0.02mg/L0.009mg/L0.002mg/L0.007mg/L0.03mg/L0.001mg/L0.7mg/L0.5mg/L0.02马拉硫磷马拉硫磷对硫磷对硫磷甲基对硫磷甲基对硫磷五氯酚五氯酚莠去津莠去津呋喃丹呋喃丹毒死稗毒死稗敌敌畏(含敌百虫
24、)敌敌畏(含敌百虫)草甘膦草甘膦3、感官性状和一般化学指标、感官性状和一般化学指标(3 3项)项)氨氮(以氨氮(以N计)计)硫化物硫化物钠钠mg/L200Methods and Requirements of presentationAll the students shall be placed in 16 groups of 6-7 persons each,and given a specific task(by drawing lots).Group project report presentations will be held third times on some plenar
25、y day and everyone must make speech for 2mins.Discussions and/or challenges should be everyone taken on!In each group,the students shall be required to write a report on the specific task work.The report should be written in English as far as possible with 1000 words or so.Oral presentation of the r
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