2018年中考英语试题分类汇编：专题1、单项选择精讲1-名词(共9页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上23. (2018湖南岳阳)The little girl over there is cousin.A. Tom B. Toms C. the Tom23.B考查名词所有格。句意：那边那个小女孩是汤姆的表妹（堂妹）。名字Tom的名词所有格形式是直接在其后面直接加s。故选B。 26. (2018湖北襄阳)Mom, Im thirteen now. Can I ride a bike to school?Yes, you can. But you must follow the traffic _on the way.A. rules B. planes C. safe

2、ty D. accident 26. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，我现在十三岁了。我可以骑自行车去学校吗？是的，你可以。但是在路上，你必须遵守交通规则。rule规则；plane飞机；safety安全；accident 事故。路上应该遵守“交通规则”。故选A。 29. （2018. 贵州安顺）Excuse me! Is this new house?Yes, its .The parents of them bought it last September.A. Lucy and Lilys; theirsB. Lucys and Lilys; themC. Lucys and Lilys

3、 ; theirsD. Lucy and Lilys; them29. A. 考查名词所有格和物主代词。问句中house是单数，表示两个人共有的房子，只在后面的名词加s；答语中选项部分为表语，因此，选择物主代词，故选A。26. (2018湖北黄冈) Im thirsty, Mom. Id like something to drink.We only have some _ in the fridge.A. oranges B. ice-cream C. juice D. cheese26. C考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，我渴了，我想喝点东西。在冰箱里我们只有_。故根据前句推断空格处为一种饮

4、料。oranges橙子；ice-cream冰激凌；juice果汁；cheese奶酪。故选C。 (2018 湖北恩施)21- -My dear, you have made in your English this term. Well done!-Thank you, mum. I will keep on working hard.A. a progressB. progressC. progresses21 B 考查名词用法辨析。progress 为不可数名词。句意：- -亲爱的,这学期你在英语上取得了进步。做得好!- 谢谢你,妈妈。我将继续努力工作。4. (2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔) Co

5、uld you please give me some _ on how to learn English _?Sure. Practice makes perfect.A. advice, well B. advice, good C. advices, well4. A 考查名词和副词的用法。advice为不可数名词，没有复数形式；learn English well意为“学英语学得好”，此处用副词well修饰动词learn。故选A。9. （2018广东深圳） Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day. Tha

6、ts a good_. Reading makes a full man.A. dream B. wish C. habit9.C 考查语境分析&词义辨析。句意：西蒙每天在睡觉前都会读半小时的书。 这是个好习惯。读书使人充实。 A选项dream表示“梦想”; B选项wish表示“愿望;希望”; C选项habit表示“习惯”，根据句意可知此题选C。 11. （2018广东深圳）Im looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup. Me, too. I hope the German team will be the_. Its my fav

7、orite.A. player B. winner C. loser11. B 考查语境分析&词义辨析。 句意：我期待这2018世界杯的决赛。我也是。我希望德国队会成为冠军。这是我最喜欢的球队。 A player 运动员；B winner冠军，胜利者；C loser 失败者； 根据句意可知选B 32. (2018广东省)The three upstairs are too small to have enough for a double bed. A. room, room B. room, rooms C. rooms, room D. rooms, rooms32. C考查名词的用法。句

8、意：楼上的三个房间都太小了，以至于没有足够的空间容纳一张双人床。题干中three后跟可数名词rooms“房间”，而room表示“空间”时为不可数名词。故选C。28.（2018海南中考） David likes taking photos, so his father bought him a_ last week.A. cameraB. dictionaryC. bicycle28. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。由前半句大卫喜欢照相可推断他父亲上周给他买了台相机。camera“相机”；dictionary“字典”；bicycle“自行车”。故选A。27. (2018河北)Did you hear

9、 the _? A scientist will visit our school. A. adviceB. newsC. praiseD. choice27. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你听说这个消息了吗？一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。advice意见；news新闻，消息；C. praise表扬，赞扬；D. choice 选择，抉择。根据语境可知，应是听说这个消息。故选B。23. (2018河南中考) Its useless to regret what has been done. Dont make those mistakes again. I wont. Thats a(n) _

10、A. order B. decision C. promise D. agreement23. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后悔做过的事情是没有用的。不要再犯那样的错误。我不会了，这是_。order 顺序，命令；decision决心；promise承诺；agreement 协议。根据句意应选C。28. (2018湖北黄石) In fact, pandas have become so popular that they are now a _ of China.A. subject B. symbol C. sign D. spirit28. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，熊猫已

11、经变得如此受欢迎，以至于它们现在成了中国的象征。subject主题，科目；symbol象征；sign标志，信号；spirit勇气，意志。根据句意知，答案选B。(2018湖北荆州) 22. Kids often feel better in a happy family.Thats true. A happy family provides a loving _ for its children. A. expression B. environmentC. encouragement D. development22. B 考查名词辨析。句意：孩子在幸福家庭里经常感到舒服。那是真的。一个幸福的

12、家庭为它的孩子提供爱的_。expression表达，表情；environment环境；encouragement鼓励；development发展。由“在幸福家庭里”可知是“爱的环境”。故选B。(2018湖北十堰)27. I dont think you take the game seriously. Oh, its not a match. Were playing chess just for _. A. habit B. fun C. hobby D. game27. B【解析】考查名词的辨析 句意：我认为你没有认真对待比赛。不是比赛，我们下棋只是为了好玩。habit习惯；fun好玩；h

13、obby爱好；game比赛。根据语境可知选B28. (2018 湖北咸宁) Could you give me a few _ on how to spend the coming summer holiday? OK, let me see.A. hobbiesB. suggestionsC. knowledgeD. information28. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能给我一些如何度过即将到来的暑假的建议吗？好的；让我想想。根据a few修饰可数名词复数，排除C、D。根据句意应该是寻求建议。故选B。37. (2018湖北宜昌)The best _ to come to Yichan

14、g is spring.I think so. The green water and green mountains are unforgettable.A. environment B. journey C. temperature D. season37. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：来湖北宜昌最好的季节是春天。我认为是这样。青山绿水是难以忘记的。environment“环境”，journey“旅游”，temperature“温度”和season“季节”。结合句意可知，“去湖北宜昌最佳季节是春季”，故选D。21. (2018湖南湘西) Hi, Mom. Where is my_? Oh,

15、 it is in your room.A. schoolbags B. a schoolbag C. schoolbag21. C【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：嗨，妈妈。我的书包在哪里？哦，它在你房间里。形容词性物主代词my，直接修饰名词表示所有关系，且由is可知后面名词用单数形式。故选C。(2018江苏扬州)8. The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a _ bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. A. contribution B. communication C

16、. celebration D. competition8.B 考查名词辨析。句意：鹊桥卫星会搭建地球上的控制器和遥远月球侧面的通讯桥梁。下文的between.and.提示用名词communication表示“通讯；信息交流”。contribution表示“贡献”，celebration表示“庆祝”，competition表示“竞争”，都不符合句意。故选B。(2018江西)32. I live near a big_. It gets very noisy on match days. A. hospital B. store C. bank D. playground32. D 考查名词词义

17、辨析。句意：我住在一家大_附近。它在比赛日非常吵闹。hospital医院；store商店；bank银行；playground操场。根据语境及选项可知，操场附近在比赛日非常吵闹。故选D。 （2018山东菏泽）22. Now more and more schools care for the full _ of the students talents.A. development B. agreement C. preparation22.A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：现在越来越多的学校注重学生才能的全面发展。development发展；agreement同意；preparation准备。分析

18、句意可推知：学校注重了学生的全面发展，故选A。(2018山西)25. Reading the first _ of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly. A. letter B. word C. sentence 25. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你读整篇文章之前读每段的第一句话能够帮助你快速理解主旨。letter信，字母；word单词；sentence句子。人们一般根据句首的主题句来了解段意，故选C。(2018新疆)28. Hurry up! Some _ an

19、d _ are on sale in the supermarket. A. tomato; egg B. tomatoes; egg C. tomatoes; eggs D. tomato; eggs 28. C 考查名词的数。句意：快点儿！一些西红柿和鸡蛋正在超市里出售。tomato和egg都是可数名词，由前面的形容词some可知，此处均应用名词复数形式。故选C。(2018湖南怀化)24.There are many old_ and _in the park.A. man, children B. men, child C. men, children24.C【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。

20、句意为：在公园里有许多老 和孩子。由空前many许多，可知后面的名词需用复数形式，结合选项可知第一空需用复数men；第二空需用children。故选C。31.（2018广西桂林）_ is a healthy drink.A. Water B. Egg C. Apple31. A考查名词辨析。句意：水是一种健康饮料。water“水”；egg“鸡蛋”；apple“苹果”。根据后面的drink一词可知应选一种饮料，故选A。(2018广西河池) 26. Mum, I have a bad headache. I feel terrible.一Oh, dear! You must get a cold.

21、 I have to take you to see _. A. a violinist B. a doctor C. a policeman D. an engineer26. B【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。句意：妈妈，我头疼得很厉害。我感觉非常不舒服。天哪！你一定是感冒了。我不得不带你去看医生。violinist 意为“小提琴家”；doctor“医生”；policeman“警察”；engineer“工程师”。由“have a bad headache”以及“get a cold”可知用doctor表示“看病”。故选B。(2018福建A卷) 31. I dont know how to us

22、e the APP Fun Dubbing. Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of _ in doing it.A. experience B. trouble C. courage31. A 考查名词辨析。句意：我不知道怎么用“趣配音”这个应用程序。找吉米帮忙。他做这个有经验。experience经验，trouble困难，courage勇气。由句意可知，吉米对于这个应用程序很有经验，所以才建议找他帮忙。故选A。(2018甘肃武威)2.Inevery_therehastobesomegive-and-take.A.friendship B.instrument

23、C.attention D.blackboard2. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每段友谊里都必须有一些相互让步，friendship友谊。其他选项instrument乐器，attention注意力，blackboard黑板，都不符合句意。故选A。23. (2018山东滨州)Nick, I lost my pen and I couldnt find _ anywhere.There are many pens in that box. Just take _.A. it; it B. it; one C. one; it D. one; one23. B 考查代词词义辨析。句意：尼克，我的钢

24、笔丢了，而且我到处找不到它。盒子里有很多钢笔。尽管拿一只。one一个，指代前面提到同类的人或物；it它，指代前面同一物；故选B。19.(2018山东东营)Lets see what food youve got for dinner. Look, we have mutton, fish, eggs, tomatoes and _ .A. milk B. bread C. coffee D. juice19.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们看看你们为 晚饭都准备了什么食物？瞧！我们有羊肉、鱼肉、鸡蛋、西红柿和_ 。milk牛奶；bread面包；coffee咖啡；juice果汁。由题干中

25、的“What food youve got”，可知答语提供的应该是食物类名词。milk, coffee和juice都是饮料类，故用bread。故选B。 24. (2018山东东营) Hi, Li Mei. How is your new school? Fantastic. We can choose the courses according to our_. I love operas, so I took the Beijing Opera class.A. grades B. talents C. interests D. experiences24.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

26、你好，李梅。你的新学校怎么样？太好了。我们可以根据我们自己的_选择课程。我喜欢戏曲，因此我选修的是京剧课。grade分数，等级；talent才能；interest爱好，兴趣；experience经历，经验。由答语中的“I love operas”可知：可以根据自己的“兴趣”选择课程。故选C。32.(2018山东东营) An American boy made a wheelchair for his wounded goldfish. Well done! Animals deserve (应该得到) love and good _ as humans. A. life B. chance C

27、. luck D. environment32.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个美国男孩给他的受伤的金鱼制作了一个轮椅。做得不错！动物应该像人类一样得到爱和好的_。life生活；chance机会；luck运气；environment环境。根据“made a wheelchair for his wounded goldfish”可判断这里表示动物也应该受到“关爱，过上幸福的生活”。故选A。23.(2018山东潍坊)The Three Gorges Dam produces_ for millions of people in China. A. electricity B. influ

28、ence C. transport D. technology23. A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：三峡大坝为数百万中国人供电。electricity电力；influence影响；transport运输；technology技术。主语“三峡大坝”提示用electricity和动词produce构成动宾短语，表示“发电”符合句意。故选择A。22.(2018四川达州)What do you think of The Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路倡议)?Great!It will help China improve the _ with those related c

29、ountries.A.relationship B.agreement C.environment D.information22.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你认为一带一路倡议怎么样？非常好！它将帮助中国改善与邻国的关系。relationship关系;agreement协议;environment环境;information信息。improve the relationship意为“改善关系”。故选A。26.(2018四川达州)Which country do you think will win the first prize of the _ FIFA World Cup?You mea

30、n the football match will be held in _?A.twenty-one;Russia B.twenty-first;Russian C.twenty-first;Russia D.twenty-one;Russian26.C 考查数词和名词辨析。句意：你认为哪个国家会获得第21届世界杯的第一名？ 你说的是在俄罗斯举办的足球赛吗？从句意知，第一个空需要用序数词，第二个空指的是国家。故选C。23.(2018重庆A)I have a bad cold.Sorry to hear that. Youd better go to see a _ at once.A. do

31、ctor B. cook C. writer D. farmer23. A考查名词辨析。句意为：我感冒了。听到这我很难过。你最好马上去看医生。doctor“医生”；cook“厨师”；writer“作家”；farmer“农民”。根据句意所以选A。1.（2018山东青岛中考）Could you please put some _ in my cup? Id like sweet coffee.A. sugar B. salt C. ice D. pepper1. A【解析】考查不可数名词的用法辨析。句意：你能在我的茶杯里加些糖吗？我想要甜咖啡。由第二句中“sweet coffee”，可知茶杯里需要

32、加sugar(糖)。故选A。32. (2018安徽)What is the _ of your excellent spoken English? Practice makes perfect! A. resultB. influenceC. dutyD. secret32. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能说一口流利的英语的秘诀是什么？熟能生巧。result结果；influence影响；duty职责；secret秘诀。根据语境知选D。(2018湖南益阳)22. I like _. They are my favorite fruit. Really? But I like apples. A

33、. strawberries B. orange C. banana22. A 考查名词的数。根据下文关键词”they”可知，空格处名词用复数，据此排除B、C。句意：我喜欢草莓。它们是我最喜欢的水果。真的吗？但是我喜欢苹果。故选A。8. (2018江苏连云港) National Treasure quickly rose to the top television rating ranks after it was presented on CCTV. It means a growing _ in traditional culture among Chinas youth.A. inter

34、est B. direction C. habit D. dream8. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：国家宝藏在中央电视台播放后，快速地升至电视排行榜前列。这意味着在中国的年轻人中对传统文化兴趣的增长。interest “兴趣”；direction “方向”；habit “习惯”；dream “梦想”。故选A。11. (2018南京) Do you have this T-shirt in a small _?Im afraid not. It only comes in medium.A. sizeB. colourC. materialD. taste11. A 考查名词辨析。句意：这

35、种T恤有小码吗？恐怕没有，这种只有中码。size尺寸；colour颜色；material材料；taste风格，风味。根据答句“comes in medium”可知此处问的是尺寸。故选A。24.(2018天津) Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden_. A. competitionB. interviewC. treasureD. tradition24. C【解析】考查名词词义的辨析。句意：他的微笑让我感到温暖而充满活力，就像是隐藏的宝藏。competition表示“比赛，竞赛”，interview表示“面试；

36、采访”，treasure表示“财富，宝藏”，tradition表示“传统”。根据句意可知用treasure。故选C。33. （2018重庆B卷）How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?Its about two _ ride by high-speed train.A. hour B. hours C. hoursD. hours33.D 考查名词所有格。句意：重庆到贵阳距离多远？坐高铁大概两个小时的车程。这里”two hours”作形容词修饰ride，故选D。37. (2018湖北孝感) Which should we start with. Wate

37、r World or Space World?Either is OK, it makes no to me. A. afraid B. promise C. difference D. decision37. C 考查名词辨析。通过Either is ok可知对我而言是没有区别的，所以选择difference:区别。A项mistake意为：错误；B项promise意为：承诺；D项decision意为：决定。因此答案选C。6. (2018江苏苏州) The boy has been missing for five days and his parents are worried about

38、his . A. attentionB. safetyC. actionD. growth6. B 考查名词用法辨析。句意：这个男孩已经失踪5天了，他的父母担心他的安全。attention注意，safety安全，action行动，growth成长。根据句意可知，这个男孩子失踪了，他的父母应是担心他的“安全”，应用名词safety。故选B。3. (2018江苏泰州)About how to achieve a balance between hobbies and schoolwork, Justin asked me for my _. A. position B. attention C.

39、suggestion D. introduction 3. C 考查名词。句意：关于如何取得爱好与学业之间的平衡，贾斯汀向我征求建议。表示“建议”，应用suggestion。故选C。4. (2018江苏宿迁) Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high _ from the art community for this sculptures.A. prideB. praiseC. promiseD. progress4. B 考查名词辨析。句意：吴伟，一个年轻的艺术家，因为他的雕塑品在艺术界获得了很高的评价（即赞扬）。pride骄傲，自豪； praise

40、赞扬，称赞； promise承诺； progress进步。分析四个选项可知“赞扬”符合句意，故选B。4.(2018江苏盐城)Please give me some_on how to spend the coming weekend.A. space B. advice C. praise D. courage4.B考查名词辨析。句意：请给我一些关于如何度过下个周末的“建议”。space空间；advice建议；praise赞扬；courage勇气。根据后面的介词“on”以及句意可知应用“advice”表示“关于.的建议”。故选B。(2018甘肃武威)2.Inevery_therehastobe

41、somegive-and-take.A.friendship B.instrument C.attention D.blackboard2. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每段友谊里都必须有一些相互让步，friendship友谊。其他选项instrument乐器，attention注意力，blackboard黑板，都不符合句意。故选A。（2018 四川凉山）29. Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three and four .A. German, AmericanB. Germans, AmericanC. Ger

42、mans, AmericansD. German, Americans 29 C 考查名词。表示国家人的名词单复数规则：中日不变，英法变，其余s加后面。German德国人，复数形式后面加s, American美国人，复数形式也是后面加s。故答案选C。23. (2017四川眉山) How many _ doctors are there in your hospital, David？ _ them _ over one hundred. A. woman; The number of: is B. women; A number of; are C. woman ; A number of;

43、is D. women: The number of; isD 【解析】考查名词作定语和主谓一致。第一个空作定语修饰doctors。man，woman等名词作定语时，要与后面的名词在数上保持一致，可首先排除A、C两项;由疑问词how many可知答语应为医生的数量，“the number of+可数名词的复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选A。24. (2018四川遂宁)Mom, Im back. Is there anything to eat? Sure. Some_ in the fridge. A. beefB. appleC. dumplingD. milk24. A 考查名词。some修饰可数名词，一般要用复数形式，故排除B和C。此外，结合语境可知，是要一些吃的，因此排除D，故选A。28. (2018四川遂宁)Tom, are these books_? No, they are_. Mine are on that shelf. A. mine; JennyB. yours; JennysC. mine; JennysD. yours; Je