(精品)图表作文.ppt

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1、 图表式作文的几种形式图表式作文的几种形式:一是以一是以表格表格形式形式,将统计的数据或被说明的将统计的数据或被说明的事物直接用表格形式体现出来事物直接用表格形式体现出来,即统计表。即统计表。二是以二是以图形图形形式形式 A 表示数据变化的表示数据变化的曲线图曲线图;B 表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异 的的柱状图柱状图;C 表示总体内部结构变化的表示总体内部结构变化的扇形图扇形图。Warming upGraph表示两组数的关系表示两组数的关系-通常为通常为函数关系函数关系图图Pie Chart饼状图饼状图Table矩形的矩形的竖行竖行和和横行横行进行排列的表格进行

2、排列的表格 Item19941995199619971998Food65%60%48%42%35%Clothing8%9%12%15%17%Recreation 3%5%7%8%10%Others24%26%33%35%38%Total100%100%100%100%100%Bar Chart/Graph 柱状图柱状图图表式作文写作分三步图表式作文写作分三步:第一步：开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题第一步：开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题 即即 conclusion常使用的词汇有常使用的词汇有:table,chart,figure,graph,describe/tell,show,repres

3、ent等等常用句型：常用句型：1.The graph/chart/table above shows 2.From the above graph/chart,it can be seen that.3.As is shown in the graph,.4.The chart/table shows the differences between第二步：第二步：分析数据间的分析数据间的主要差异及趋势主要差异及趋势，然后描写，然后描写（在描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时，可采用分类（在描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时，可采用分类式或对比式以支持主题，并阐明必要的理由）。注式或对比式以支持主题，并阐明必

4、要的理由）。注意层次。意层次。即即 facts and reasons常用常用转折，对比及比较的转折，对比及比较的词汇：词汇：While,on the contrary,compare with,in contrast to,asas,be similar to,among,more than,less than常用描写趋势变化的词汇：常用描写趋势变化的词汇：Increase,rise,go up,reduce,drop,go down,fall,reach,remain,by/to,slowly,slightly,gradually,sharply,rapidly,the number of

5、,fromto及比较级，倍数句型等。及比较级，倍数句型等。对于线性图表的描述对于线性图表的描述1.对于上升趋势的描述：对于上升趋势的描述：a.可使用的动词或动词词组：可使用的动词或动词词组：to increaseto go upto riseto growto jumpto leapto soarb.可使用的名词：可使用的名词：an increasea growtha jumpa soaran upward trend对于上升到某个位置的描述：对于上升到某个位置的描述：a.动词动词to具体数据。具体数据。b.动词动词tothe peak of具体数据。具体数据。c.动词动词reaching t

6、he peak of+具体数据。具体数据。d.动词动词reaching+具体数据。具体数据。e.to peak at 具体数据具体数据f.to climb to+具体数据具体数据 对于上升的程度的描述：对于上升的程度的描述：a.动词动词by 具体数据。具体数据。b.动词副词动词副词eg:The increase of.in the city has reached to 20%.这个城市的这个城市的.增长已达到增长已达到20%.2.对于下降趋势的描述：对于下降趋势的描述：a.可使用的动词或动词词组可使用的动词或动词词组：to fallto decreaseto go downto slidet

7、o collapseto declineto drop b.可以使用的名词：可以使用的名词：a collapsea decreasea falla declinea drop 对于下降到某个位置的描述：对于下降到某个位置的描述：a.动词动词to具体数据。具体数据。b.动词动词tothe bottom of具体数据。具体数据。c.动词动词reaching the bottom of+具体数据。具体数据。d.动词动词reaching+具体数据。具体数据。对于下降程度的描述：对于下降程度的描述：a.动词动词by 具体数据。具体数据。b.动词副词动词副词There was a gradual decl

8、ine in 1989.1989年年,出现了逐渐下降的情况出现了逐渐下降的情况.3.对于平稳的趋势的描述对于平稳的趋势的描述 可以使用的动词或动词词组：可以使用的动词或动词词组：to hardly changeto have little changeto keep steadyto level offto remain constantto stay the same4.表示程度的副词：表示程度的副词：程度较大：程度较大：considerablysuddenly 突然的，意外的突然的，意外的 rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的迅速的，飞快的，险峻的 dramatically 戏剧性的，生

9、动的戏剧性的，生动的 significantly 有意义的有意义的,重大的重大的,重要的重要的 sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的锐利的，明显的，急剧的 steeply 急剧升降的急剧升降的 程度较小：程度较小：slightly略微地略微地 gradually slowly steadily稳定稳定地 stablyIn 1985,the number remained the same.1985年年,这个数字保持不变这个数字保持不变.5.嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：infromtobetween.andduringandat the start of

10、 by the end of over at the end of throughout 时间时间s+具体数据具体数据6.上升和下降趋势的组合描述上升和下降趋势的组合描述(嵌入了时间和程度之后嵌入了时间和程度之后)：1.先上升后下降的句型：先上升后下降的句型：.increased slowly during and but fell sharply in A steady fall in during and followed the sharp increase in 2.先下降后上升的句型：先下降后上升的句型：fell before began to make a recovery dro

11、pped during but increased again in collapsed before rising to at the end of 3.起伏波动的句型：起伏波动的句型：fluctuated sharply all through 4.波动不大的句型：波动不大的句型：hardly changed through the period between and 7.对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型：对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型：%the is/has/have/are accounts for%of the total takes up%in the whole chartthe

12、 doubled/tripled/quadrupled in compared with those in The number/rate has nearly doubled,as against that of last year.8.趋势的比较趋势的比较 1.表示相似的句型表示相似的句型(实例实例)：Both share prices rose sharply in January.Neither company has made a profit yet.Like X,Y fell in June.X rose just as sharply as Y.2.表示差异的句型表示差异的句型

13、(实例实例)：X fell sharply whereas/while Y remained steady.X fell quickly compared to Y.Unlike Y,X rose by 10%.X rose far more dramatically than Y.3.表示倍数的句型：表示倍数的句型：the doubled/tripled in compared with those in 4.客观比较的句型：客观比较的句型：is in contrast to 常用句型：常用句型：Facts:1.There was a great/slight increase/rise i

14、n2.There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in3.It is 20%lower/higher than4.The number/rate has nearly doubled,as against that of last year.5.The number is times as much as that of.6.It increases/rises/decreases/reduces by/%/two thirds.7.By comparison with,it decreased/increased/fell fromtoReaso

15、ns:1.The reason foris that2.One may think of the change as a result of3.The change inlargely results from the fact that4.There are several causes for this significant growth in.First,.Second,5.This brings out the important fact that第三步：归纳总结或发表评论。第三步：归纳总结或发表评论。常用词汇：常用词汇：1.in a word,/in short,/general

16、ly speaking2.Its clear from the chart that3.In summary,it is important4.From what has been discussed above,we can draw the conclusion that 5.Obviously,if we want to,it is necessary6.There is no doubt that attention must be paid小回顾小回顾一一.主章开头主章开头 图表类型图表类型：table;chart;diagram;graph;column chart;pie gra

17、ph 描述：描述：show;describe;illustrate;can be seen from;clear;apparent;reveal;represent 内容：内容：figure;statistic;number;percentage;proportion 二二.表示数据表示数据 一般：一般：have 10%;at 10%;over 10%最高最高(低低)点点：peaked;reached a peak/high(point)bottomed out(降至最低点降至最低点);reached the bottom 变化：变化：recover 略有回升略有回升;jump;rise/ro

18、se;climb;decrease;fall/fell;drop;decline;reduce;fluctuate 浮动，摇摆不定浮动，摇摆不定 remained steady/stable;little/hardly any/no change 审题：（格式审题：（格式/人称人称/时态时态/要点要点/篇章结构）篇章结构）篇章结构：篇章结构：conclusion:tense facts:描述抓关键；描述抓关键；tense reasons：tense-your own opinion/suggestions:tense-do/will do有明确过去时间状语有明确过去时间状语 用用过去时过去时；

19、无明确年份，反映一种普遍现象或介绍情无明确年份，反映一种普遍现象或介绍情况的况的 用用现在时现在时dodoThe Diagram 1_ the average monthly expenditure per family in City A.Food 2_ the biggest expense,costing 30%of monthly income，while consumable household goods（such as soap，toilet paper，etc.）3_ 6%.9%of the household budget 4_ spent on entertainment，

20、and 5%each on cigarettes and alcohol.Housing 5_12%per month whereas fuel,light and power 6_ another 6%.Transport expenses 7_ 10%，9%8_ on clothing and the other 8%9_ towards various other goods.1.shows 2.is 3.account for 占占 4.is 5.takes 6.cost 7.amount to 总计达总计达 8.is spent 9.goes达到达到请在下面的文章中填入一般现在时动词

21、，使文章意思完整。请在下面的文章中填入一般现在时动词，使文章意思完整。该图所显示的信息没有特定的时间限制，它表示的是该市市民的平均该图所显示的信息没有特定的时间限制，它表示的是该市市民的平均消费情况，因此我们在描述数据时要使用一般现在时消费情况，因此我们在描述数据时要使用一般现在时Practice1.从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到年到1990年年中国的人均收入迅速提高。中国的人均收入迅速提高。2.从曲线图可以得出结论，最近从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。已经大大下降。From the _ given

22、 in the table it can be seen that the _income of the Chinese people _from 1985 to 1990._the graph that there has been a great _ birth rates in China in the past five years.statisticsaverage personalincreased(grew/rose)rapidlyIt can be concluded fromdecline in3.这个工厂生产的彩电已由这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的年的5000台增加到台

23、增加到1990年的年的21000台。台。The number of color TV sets _ _ _.4.参加者的人数增加到参加者的人数增加到30万。万。The number of participants _.5.这个学校的教职工人数已减少到这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。人。_ _.produced by the factory increased(rose,grew,climbed)from 5000 in 1986 to 21000 in 1990.grew up to 300000 personsThe number of teaching staff members i

24、n this school has decreased to 700 persons.(上海春季上海春季)某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长示意图。根某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长示意图。根据所给图表，简要描述某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长据所给图表，简要描述某城市近年每百人中手机用户增长情况，并试分析其增长原因。情况，并试分析其增长原因。审题审题-人称人称:第三人称第三人称 时态时态:一般过去时一般过去时 要点要点:1.1997年年10%的人的人 有手机有手机2.1999年年20%的人有手机的人有手机 3.2001年年50%的人有手机的人有手机 4.2004年年80%的人有手机的人有手机 篇章结

25、构篇章结构:1.Conclusion2.Facts and reasons3.You own opinion/suggestionsPara1.整体描述整体描述ConclusionThe chart above shows the increasing number of mobile phonesPara2.具体描写，要体现出数据之间的变化具体描写，要体现出数据之间的变化Facts1.According to the first column,only 10 percent of the population owned mobile phones in 1997.2.In 1999 the

26、 number doubled,reaching 20 in 100.(1).It increased by 10%in 1999.(2)It is 10%higher than that of 1997.3.The people owning mobile phones in 2001 were 5 times as many as those in 1997.(2).The number became larger and larger20%in 1999 and 50%in 2001.(1).There was a great rise in 2001 the rate reached

27、up to 50%.4.Three years later,80 percent of the citizens had the magic tools.(1).By comparison with 2001,it increased from 50%to 80%.(2).In 2oo4,nearly 80%people enjoyed the convenience offered by the mobile phones.Para1-2 The chart above shows the increasing number of mobile phones.According to the

28、 first column,only 10 percent of the population owned mobile phones in 1997.As time went on,in 1999 the number doubled,reaching 20 in 100.In 2001,the people owning mobile phones were 5 times as many as those in 1997.Three years later,80 percent of the citizens had the magic tools.Para3.Reasons There

29、 are some reasons for the rise in the number of people with mobile phones.Firstly,the technology of making mobile phones is changing rapidly,which leads to the drop in the prices.Secondly,peoples income has been increasing.As a consequence,they have more options.Thirdly,being useful in daily life,mo

30、bile phones make peoples communication easy and convenient.Para4归纳总结并得出结论。归纳总结并得出结论。It can be estimated that the population of the mobile phone holders will reach a new height with the further advance of science and technology.图表作文：大学生使用电脑情况（图表作文：大学生使用电脑情况（02年四级真题）年四级真题）For this part,you are allowed

31、 thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic:Student Use of Computers.You should write at least 120 words,and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:1.上图所示为上图所示为1990年、年、1995年、年、2000年某大学生使用计年某大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；算机的情况，请描述其变化；2.请说明发生这些变化的原因请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格可从计算机的用途

32、、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明或社会发展等方面加以说明)；3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。Student Use of Computer Since 1990,there has been tremendous growth in the use of computers by students.While in 1990,the average number of hours a student spent on the computer was about one hour per week,this number gre

33、w to nearly four hours per week by 1995,and to approximately 20 hours per week by the year 2000.This significant growth in the use of computers by students in the 1990s can be attributed to several factors,including widespread usage,lower prices,and technological and social developments.Nowadays,com

34、puters are widely used by students for word processing,book keeping,multimedia presentations,and access to the Internet for both research and communications.Additionally,since 1990,due to competition and technological advances,computer hardware and software prices,as well as Internet usage charges h

35、ave dropped significantly.Finally,technological developments and changes in social habits in the 1990s have played a major role in this tremendous growth in the use of computers.Todays society relies heavily on computers for immediate access to the news and for entertainment,including,listening to m

36、usic,watching movies and sport events,and playing computer games.While computers are of great assistance to the students,and therefore,are indispensable tools,they also pose some challenges.The biggest challenge that many students face is discipline in the use of this powerful device.That is,student

37、s need to have the discipline of not allowing themselves to be lured by the entertaining aspects of this wonderful toolaspects that can result in addiction to computer games or viewing of undesirable material on the Internet.That is to say,students need to use this powerful tool with great wisdom!书面

38、表达评分标准（总分书面表达评分标准（总分3030）:1.1.书面不洁书面不洁/字迹潦草，小组长让其重新誊写；字迹潦草，小组长让其重新誊写；2.2.词数大概少于词数大概少于8080或多于或多于120120，-1-13.3.要点有无遗漏要点有无遗漏 3-43-4/个个4.4.整篇文章时态错误或混乱整篇文章时态错误或混乱 -5-55.5.整篇文章人称错误整篇文章人称错误 -5-56.6.拼写；标点符号；应用词汇拼写；标点符号；应用词汇 错误错误 -2-2/3/3个个(圈出）圈出）7.7.动词；语法动词；语法/句子结构句子结构 错误错误 -2-2/个个 （横线划出）（横线划出）8.8.上下文如有适当的连词，上下文如有适当的连词，可适当提高可适当提高1-21-29.9.上下文如果优美的表达准确的词句：名词性上下文如果优美的表达准确的词句：名词性/定语从句、定语从句、倒装句等，可适当提高倒装句等，可适当提高2-32-3