常见的高二英语知识点梳理.docx

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1、 常见的高二英语知识点梳理 1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, . you may want to try hiking. Instead和instead 0f的用法 2. Say Hi / Hello / Thanks to sb. (for me)问候的句型 3. Is anybody seeing you off?进展时表将来 4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. (= keep struggling) 5. You should not go

2、 rafting unless you know. unless引导条件状语从句，相当于if. not 6. By staying at., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds.目的状语从句 7. She was so surprised that she couldnt move.结果状语从句 8. Tree after tree went down, cut down by water.过去分词作状语 9. The next mome

3、nt, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.现在分词作状语 10. However, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. It didnt take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法 高二英语学问点归纳 1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, . you may want to try hiking. Instead和instead 0

4、f的用法 2. Say Hi / Hello / Thanks to sb. (for me) 问候的句型 3. Is anybody seeing you off? 进展时表将来 4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. (= keep struggling) 5. You should not go rafting unless you know. unless引导条件状语从句，相当于if. not 6. By staying at., tourists can help the villagers mak

5、e money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds. 目的状语从句 7. She was so surprised that she couldnt move. 结果状语从句 8. Tree after tree went down, cut down by water. 过去分词作状语 9. The next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. 现在分词作状语 10. However, before she could think t

6、wice, the water was upon her. It didnt take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法 高二英语重要学问点汇总 A: Key Words and Expressions: 1. Which of the news media above is the most reliable? 以上的新闻媒体中哪一种最牢靠? reliable adj. 可信任的; 可依靠的; 确定的 They are reliable friends. 他们是可信任的朋友。 Is the source of the info

7、rmation reliable? 那个消息的来源牢靠吗? 链接 reliably adv. 牢靠地;的确地 reliability n. 牢靠性;可信任性 2. The man was fired. 那个人被辞退了。 fire的动词用法 (1) 辞退，开除 The company fired him for not coming to work on time. 那个公司因他不按时上班辞退了他。 (2) 放射 He fired his gun at the big snake. 他开枪打那条大蛇。 (3) 激发(人、感情等)，使布满热忱 The story fired his imagina

8、tion. 这个（故事）激发了他的（想象力）。 3. The man faced difficulties. (1) face v.t. 面临(困难等)，应付， 面对;(危急、困难等)迫近 可与介词 to/ towards / on连用 We must face our trouble and bear it. 我们必需正视我们的困难并勇于承受。 The house faces south/the south/to the south.那房子面朝南。 Vt.面临(困难、危急等) He faced the difficulty with courage. He faced the enemy b

9、ravely. （短语） be faced with 面临，面对 face up to面对;担当 face the music承受(不开心的后果或状况)(对自己的行为结果)负起责任;承受批判) I was faced with a new problem. 我面临了新问题。 She couldnt face up to the fact that she was no longer young. 她无法面对自己不再年轻的现实。 The boy was caught cheating in the examination and had to face the music. 那个男孩被发觉考试作

10、弊，不得不承受惩处。 I must face the music and accept responsibility.我肯定承受批判并担当责任。 If anything goes wrong，“is 1 who will have to face the music. 假如出了什么问题，负责任的是我。 (2) difficulty表示“难，困难”时用作不行数名词，表示“难题，难事”时用作可数名词。 e.g. She learned to speak English without difficulty. 她毫无困难地学会了讲英语。 We will face many difficulties

11、in the future. 将来我们要面临很多难题。 lm in a bit of a difficulty over paying my rent.我应付房租有点困难， 在以下句式或短语中，difficulty是不行数名词。 have(much/no/1ittle)difficulty with sth. have/find(much/no/little)difficulty(in)doing sth. There is(no/1ittle/much)difficulty(in)doing sth. with/without difficulty困难地/轻易地 I dont have mu

12、ch difficulty with English grammar.我对学英语语法没什么困难。 She had no difficulty in finding the house.她毫无困难地找到了那间房子。 The patient had difficulty breathing.那个病人呼吸困难。 She found no difficulty in solving the problem.她发觉解决那个问题没什么困难。 There was little difficulty in understanding him.理解他的意思没什么困难。 She calmed her daught

13、er with some difficulty.她费了力气才使女儿安静下来。 He finished the work without much difficulty.他很轻松地完成了工作。 4. The man was generous. generous adj. 大方的;大方的;宽容的;豁达的;丰富的，丰富的 e.g. He is generous with his money. 他出手大方。 He gave me a generous lunch. 他请我吃了一顿丰富的午餐。 链接 generous adv. 大方地 generosity n. 大方大方 5.Below is a li

14、st of ten things that happened today. 以以下出了今日发生的十件事。 本句为倒装句，正常语序应为：A list of ten things that happened today is below. below看作副词，表示方位，当表示方位的状语或表语位于句首时，（句子）采纳全部倒装的构造，即把谓语动词的全部组成局部都移到主语之前。这类作状语或表语的词常见的有：away, down, in, off, out, over, up, above, below, here, there及介词短语与分词。 Here is a seat for you.这儿有你的一

15、个座位。 There goes the bell!铃响了。 Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday. 黑板上写着昨天迟到的人的名字。 6.France elected a new president. elect v.t. 选举，推选 e.g. They elected a president. / They elected him as President. 他们选举了总统。/ 他们选举他为总统。 留意：若选举某人担当某职位，且该职位只有一个时，通常不用冠词。 e.g. Our clas

16、smates elected him as/to be/our/as our monitor. They elected the old man to be chairman of the club.他们推选那位老人为俱乐部主席。 辨析 elect, pick out, choose elect是指通过正式手续的选举。 e.g. Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the U.S.A. 罗斯福四次中选为美国总统。 choose通常指在所供应的对象中，凭个人的推断力进展选择。 e.g. We had to choose be

17、tween leaving early and paying for a taxi. 我们不得不在早点动身和雇计程车中间作出选择。 There are ten to choose from. pick out比拟通俗，指按个人喜好或盼望进展选择，多用于有行的东西。 e.g. She picked out a scarf to wear with the dress. 她选择了一条围巾以配上她穿的衣服。 7.Food prices are going up. 食品价格在上涨。 go up上升，增长，提高 e.g. The temperature has gone up. The lift wen

18、t up to the fourth floor. 电梯升到了四楼。 8.A house in your city burnt down. Nobody was injured. 你们镇上一座房子被烧毁。无人员伤亡。 (1)burn down 烧毁;使烧毁【强调破坏性】;(由于燃料烧尽)火力减弱 These houses were burnt down to the ground. 这些房子被烧毁。 The fire is burning down, get some more coal please. 比拟 burn up烧尽，烧光【强调动作的结果】;(火，炉等)烧起来，旺起来 e.g. P

19、ut some wood on the fire and make it burn up. (2) injure v.t. 使受伤;损害，损害(感情) She injured herself while skating.她在滑冰时受了伤。 The earthquake killed 2023 people and inured 3000。 地震造成2023人死亡，3000人受伤。 He got badly inured in the accident.在这次事故中他受了重伤。 The injured were taken to hospital.伤员被送往医院。 Smoking will in

20、ure your health.吸烟会损害你的安康。 I hope l didnt inure her feelings.我盼望没有损害她的感情。 Her refusal inured his pride.她拒绝了他，伤了他的自尊心。 辨析 injure, wound, hurt, harm的区分： injure损害，损害(感情)，损害(名誉)。一般用词，常指各种性质的身体上或精神上的损害。多指事故中人或物的损伤，包括容貌、生理、身体等。 e.g. In the traffic accident, two were killed and three get injured. 在交通事故中，两人

21、遇难，三人受伤。 He was so injured in his pride that he stayed at home all day without meeting anyone. 他的自尊受到了如此的损害以至于他成天待在家里，不见外人。 wound使受伤，损害，损害，主要指外界暴力或用武器造成身体上较重的损害，像刀伤、枪伤、刺伤等。多指战场上受伤，还可以指精神上的创伤。 e.g. The soldier was badly wounded in the head.这个士兵头部受了重伤。 The bullet wounded his arm.子弹打伤了他的胳膊。 hurt损害(感情)。

22、一般用词，没有injure正式，常用于口语。多用于有生命的东西常指肉体上的损害，也可以指精神上的苦痛或感情上的损害。作不及物动词，表“痛苦”。 e.g. Luckily no one was seriously hurt in the car accident. The girl fell off her bike, and one of her legs hurt. harm常用于口语，表示肉体或精神上的损害均可以，有时可引起担心，不便。 e.g. There was a fire in our street, but no one was harmed. Getting up early

23、wont harm you! 早起对你没有害处。 9.Newspapers and other media do more than simply record what happens. 报纸和其他媒介并不仅仅记录已发生的事情。 (1) 该句中的do是助动词，起强调作用，用以加强说话者的语气。 e.g. Do remember to remind me to return the book I borrowed from you. (2) more than不仅仅;极为，特别;多于;难以;不能 e.g. Shes more than a teacher to us. The boy more

24、 than smiled but laughed. 这男孩不仅是微笑，而是放声大笑了。 We are more than pleased with the results. 我们对结果极为满足。 He has more than 300 pictures. This room is three time larger than that one.这个房间比那个房间大两倍。 The old man is two times older than I am. 这个老人的年龄比我大一倍。 That is more than I can tell. 那是怎么回事我实在难说。 more than + 数

25、词，意为“以上;多于;有余”。 More than 20 club members attended the meeting. 有20多个俱乐部成员出席会议。 more than+名词，意为“不只;不仅仅”。 Peace is much more than the absence Of war.和平不仅仅是意味着没有战斗。 more than+形容词或副词，意为“特别;非常;更加;岂止”。 He is more than selfish.他特别自私。 I am more than happy to hear that.听到这我特别快乐。 Her performance was more tha

26、n good;it was perfect. 她的表演岂止是好，简直是完善无缺。 more than + 动词，意为“非常;大大地;不仅仅”。 He more than smiled;he laughed outright.他岂止是微笑，他简直是大笑了。 more than.”can/could，意为“不能”。 The beauty of Hang zhou is more than words can describe. 杭州之美是语言所不能描述的。 Thats more than l can tell you，Sir.这一点我是不能告知您的，先生。 10.Experienced edito

27、rs and reporters make informed decisions about what events to report and how to report them. （阅历）丰富的编辑和记者对于该报道什么大事以及如何报道作出明智的打算。 (1) 句中的experienced(富有阅历的)和informed(见识广的，有学问的) 都是动词的过去分词作定词，修饰动词。单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词前面。 e.g. a fallen tree一棵倒下的树 a broken chair一把破椅子stolen cultural relics被盗的文物 (2) info

28、rmed adj. 明智的，有学问的，了解状况的 e.g. He is a well-informed man.他是个消息灵通的人。 inform的用法: inform sb. of sth.告知某人某事 inform sb. that/wh-告知某人 inform sb.+疑问词+不定式 e.g. The singer informed us of their arrival.歌手们把他们到来的消息告知了我们。 The nurse informed me that visiting hours were over.护士告知我探病时间已经完毕了。 Who informed you when t

29、o start? 是谁告知你们动身时间的? 11.They also make sure that readers can relate to the stories. 他们还要确保报道的内容与读者的生活亲密相关。 relate v.i. v.t (和)相关;涉及;把与关联起来 e.g. It is difficult to relate the two cases. 很难把两个案子联系起来。 We should learn to relate the results to the causes. 我们应当学会把结果与缘由联系起来看问题。 Light industry is closely r

30、elated to the peoples life.轻工业与人们的生活有亲密的关系。 12.The two reporters agreed to switch roles for once and be the interviewees rather than the interviewers in order to let us know about their work and how the news we read in made. 两位记者同意交换角色，作一次受访者而不是采访者，让我们了解他们的工作，了解我 们读到的新闻是怎样制作和编写出来的。 (1) switch v. 转换，

31、转变 e.g. He is always switching jobs. 他总变换工作。 He switched the recorder to the “off” position.他将录音机拧到“关”的位置。 (2) for once 就这(那)一次 e.g. For once they broke the rule.这一次，他们违规了。 For once our manager came late. 我们的经理这次来晚了。 He beat me for once.他只有一次赢了我。 (3)rather than而不是;而没有” rather than很像一个连词，前后常用一种平行构造，即

32、前面用名词，后面也跟名词; 前面用动词原形，后也要接动词即要求前后成分要全都。 He decided to write to rather than (to) phone.他打算写信而不打电话了。 Id like to go there in autumn rather than in summer.我情愿秋天去那里而不情愿夏天去。 He was engaging in writing a letter rather than reading a newspaper. 他正忙着写信而不是看报纸。 He is an artist rather than a politician.他是一位艺术家，

33、而不是政治家。 The colour seems green rather than blue.颜色似乎是绿的，不是蓝的。 It ought to be you rather than me that sign the letter. 是你而不是我应当在这封信上签字。， They were screaming rather than singing.他们在尖叫，而不是在（唱歌）。 He was engaged in writing rather than reading the newspaper. 他在忙着写东西。而不是在读报纸。 She telephoned rather than wro

34、te.她打了电话，而没有写信。 I am going to forget the whole affair，rather than cause trouble. 我准备把整个事情忘掉，而不是准备惹麻烦。 rather than后接动词不定式时，可省略不定式符号to. She likes to keep things rather than(to)throw them away. Rather than go there，Id prefer to stay here on my own. 13.After the interview, the reporter must present the

35、material in an organized way and make sure that the article reflects events and opinions truthfully. 采访后，记者肯定要提交出组织严密的材料，并确保（文章）的真实反映事实和舆论。 (1) present vt.呈现;描述;介绍;赠送 e.g. When will you present your report?你什么时候提出（报告）? The government presented cars to the hospitals. 政府向医院赠送了一些车。 Allow me to present

36、Mr. Brown to you. 请允许我把布朗先生介绍给你。 (2) reflect vt. 反映;表现;反射;映出 This letter is sure to reflect our real opinion.这封信会反映出我们的真实意见。 Does this letter reflect your real opinions? 这封信反映出了你真正的观点吗? Her face reflected how angry she was. 她的脸表示出她多么生气。 vt.反射;回响 The water reflected the sunlight.日光反射在水面上。 The mirror

37、reflected the heat.那面镜子反射热气。 Mirrors reflect light.镜子能反射光线。 vt.映出;照出 The lake reflected the trees.湖面映现着树木的影像。 She was looking at her face reflected in the mirror. 她看着自己在镜中映出的脸 14.My favourite article is the one I wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to China.我最喜爱的文章是我写的一篇关于如何

38、努力把被盗的文物带回中国。 (1) 本句中的one是代词，用来指代article。one常用来代替前文提到的一种可数的事物。 e.g. I havent a pen. Can you lend me one? 指代可数名词复数用ones。 e.g. On the desk there is a red pencil and two black ones. (2)effort n. U,C努力;困难的尝试;努力的结果 e.g. He did it without effort.他毫不费劲地完成那件事 短语 make an effort努力，尽力 spare no effort不遗余力 15.I

39、want to write about people you seldom read about, for example people who have AIDS or who are addicted to drugs. 我想报道那些你们很少能了解的人，如艾滋病患者或者是染上毒瘾的人。 (1) seldom adv. 很少;不常;难得 扩展 表示否认意义的状语位于句首时，句子通常采纳倒装句。 e.g. Seldom does he quarrel with others. Never did I dream of seeing him in America. Never before ha

40、ve so many people come to see him. Not a single word did she say. (2)be / get / become addicted to sth. / doing sth.对成瘾/成癖 e.g. It doesnt take long to become addicted to these drugs. 服用这些毒品不要多长时间就会上瘾。 Its a pity that her child has got addicted to smoking.真可怜，她的孩子抽烟上瘾了。 Some children are addicted to

41、computer games / TV.(喻) 一些孩子玩电脑嬉戏/看电视上了瘾。 He is addicted to practicing Chinese Gongfu.他醉心于练习中国功夫。 16.We shouldnt ignore what happens even if it is difficult for people to accept some stories. 即使人们对一些现象很难承受，我们也不应当无视眼前发生的事情。 (1) ignore v.t. 不理睬;无视 e.g. You shouldnt ignore your fathers advice.你不该无视父亲的忠

42、告。 I tried to tell her but she ignored me.我准备告知她，可是她不理睬我。 (2) even if / even though即使，尽管 e.g. The young man didnt lose heart even if he had failed many times in finding a job. 这个年轻人没有放弃，尽管他屡次未能找到工作。 17.The media can often help solve problems and draw attentions to situations where help is needed.媒介常

43、可帮忙解决难题，使人们关注需要得到帮忙的状况。 draw attention to关注某事 draw / attract ones attention引起某人的留意 e.g. This article will draw attention to farmers and agriculture. 这篇文章奖让人关注农夫和农业问题。 The fallen leaves drew /attracted the workers attention.这些落叶引起了那个工人的留意。 He drew my attention to a mistake in my homework.他要我留意作业中的一处错

44、误。 18.The result is a better understanding of the world on all sides, leading to a future world where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.结果会使人们更好地了解世界地各个方面，给人们带来一个人人受到敬重，不同观念得到包涵地将来世界。 (1) on all sides(=on every side) 在各方面，四周八方 e.g. They were trapped with enemies on all sides.他们四周楚歌。 T