2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模英语试题含答案.pdf

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1、北京市朝阳区高三年级第二学期质量检测一英语北京市朝阳区高三年级第二学期质量检测一英语2023.3（考试时间 90分钟 满分 100分）本试卷共 10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30 分）第一节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I grasped a sandwich as I tried to finish my work during lunch.My company,like manycompanies,had 1 cost

2、s by not replacing people as they left.The survivors had to take up the work.For me and my co-workers,this meant no lunch hour.I wanted to quit,but given the economy,itwas hard to find another job.I felt 2.Then a conversation with a six-year-old girl changed my 3.The young girl was standing in line

3、with her mom at the supermarket.“Good day at school?”I asked.A nod.“Whats your favorite subject?”“Lunch.”I smiled.That had been my 4 too.At lunch,I could talk with my friends,draw pictures or playgames.There were no adults to tell me what to do.The time was mine.But what happened to lunch time now?I

4、 knew I was entitled to a lunch break at work.So I decided to 5 it.Our office was located inthe downtown and I set out to 6 the area.A few blocks away was an art museum with freeadmission.At the end of another street,I was surprised to discover some horses eating grass in afield.At the beginning of

5、my tours during lunch,I received some 7 stares from my co-workers,but Ichose to ignore them.In fact,I watched in amazement that some of them started to 8 their workduring lunch.9,we started inviting each other out for walks and discovered we had other topics ofconversation beyond the common complain

6、ts about work.Im still looking for a new position,but with less anxiety than before.If we cant change our 10,we can change our attitude.1.A.countedB.cutC.paidD.raised2.A.trappedB.fearfulC.shockedD.hurt3.A.workB.wayC.viewD.plan4.A.decisionB.explanationC.secretD.answer5.A.takeB.makeC.findD.stop6.A.exp

7、loreB.measureC.developD.identify7.A.innocentB.determinedC.sympatheticD.unpleasant8.A.carry onB.take overC.put asideD.go through9.A.GenerallyB.GraduallyC.AccidentallyD.Obviously10.A.strategiesB.circumstancesC.responsibilitiesD.principles第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，

8、在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AMy son Zack suffered from autism（自闭症）when he was two.Watching a movie togetherwas an important routine for us.On an ordinary spring day,we were enjoying one of his favoritemovies that he 11（see）many times before.I took his hand as usual.Suddenly he stood up andw

9、rapped his arms around me in a big bear hug.You could imagine 12 excited I was.Although itwas just a hug,it meant a lot to me,13（fill）me with great joy.BThis year,the 13th Spring Festival Joint Exhibition of Chinese Books,14 theme was“Reading China”,was held on January 24th in 85 bookstores worldwid

10、e.It 15（carry）out avariety of activities such as book exhibitions and cultural performances.Books displayed in theexhibition were philosophical and artistic,which closely met the needs of overseas readers.Overall,this years book exhibition presented the newest and 16（fine）Chinese publications to loc

11、alreaders so that they could better understand China in the new era.CChatGPT is a new artificial intelligence technology 17（create）by Open AI.It enablesmachines to understand and respond to human conversations in a 18（nature）and conversationalway.ChatGPT has shaken the tech world since it was opened

12、 for public use last year.While itcertainly comes across as knowledgeable,its far 19 perfect.It cannot answer questions about thingsthat have happened recently because it_20（train）using data from 2021 and before.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分）第一节（共 14小题；每小题 2分，共 28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂

13、黑。AThe Economic and Social Council（ECOSOC）Youth Forum is an annual initiative of thePresident of the Council.It has developed into a key platform where young people can contribute topolicy discussions at the United Nations（UN）.This years Youth Forum will take place from 25to 27 April,2023.Objectives

14、The Forum aims to engage young people in a dialogue with Member States,policymakers andother actors to voice their views and inspire actions on how to transform the world into a betterplace guided by the Sustainable Development Goals（SDGs）.Participants will also have theopportunity to contribute to

15、the preparatory process of the SDG Summit.The 2023 Forum will address the theme on speeding up the recovery from the COVID-19 andthe full implementation（实施）of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development It will alsoreview progress in the areas of affordable and clean energy,and sustainable cities an

16、d communities,ete.FormatThe three-day event will feature plenary（全体出席的）sessions and regionally baseddiscussions,with the last day designed for the preparation of the 2023 SDG Summit.Talented youthspeakers will deliver short presentations in between sessions.Participation in the Forum is by invitatio

17、n only.The youth participants are selected byNational Youth Councils,regional youth organizations,etc.The event will be held in a mixed way allowing for opportunities for in-person and virtualparticipation.Participants will also be able to ask questions via social media.The voices from last years pa

18、rticipants2022 Forum Participants Takeaway!TheYouthForumgavemetheopportunity to discover the skills required tomaster public speaking.The time managementis challenging but we finished all tasks evenwith a tight schedule.”2022 Forum Participants Advice!“Using sources the team provides willincrease th

19、e efficiency and effectiveness ofcompleting tasks.I also strongly advise them tobeopentohearingeveryonesdifferentopinions from an objective point of view.”21.The ECOSOC Youth Forum 2023 will _.A.discuss the global recovery issueB.select the youth leaders for the UNC.set goals for sustainable develop

20、mentD.gather young people to build a platform22.According to the passage,the young participants can _.A.register to join in the Forum personallyB.give brief speeches in plenary sessionsC.take part in the event online and offlineD.attend the SDG Summit after the Forum23.What is the advice from2022 pa

21、rticipants?A.To be willing to consider various voices.B.To make time arrangements a top priority.C.To master public speaking skills in advance.D.To be efficient with the help of policymakers.BI was four when Dad first showed me how to skim stones,a game in which one throws smoothflat stones into a r

22、iver to make them jump across the surface.Id pass hours on beaches with mybrother,picking up muddy stones and skimming them.It was satisfying making them dance on thesurface.That perfect skim,where the stone glided（滑行），brought me fantastic feelings-andstill does.I was a competitive child and good at

23、 throwing.I enjoyed javelin（标枪）and was on abaseball team,but skimming stones was just for fun.In adulthood,things changed.In August 2017,an advertisement for the All England OpenStone Skimming Championships drew my attention.I signed up and paid 2 for three stones.Iskimmed 28 metres and tried again

24、and again,buying more stones to feed my desire,finallyreaching 37 metres-which won me third place.I drove home excitedly,and 20 lighter.I returned to the 2018 championship,hoping for a champion.Walking on to the small throwingplatform in my trainers,I threw a decent 44 metres and won.I spotted someo

25、ne wearing acompetition sweater with“World”written across it.“Wheres that?”I asked and he told meabout the annual World Stone Skimming Championships in Scotland.It was a month away and a six-hour drive.I thought about the cost and distance for weeks until,the day before the contest,the feeling of wi

26、nning made a decision for me.“Im going.”I arrivedat a hotel at 10 pm,but couldnt sleep for nerves and excitement.Early the next morning,I drove tothe crossing where the competitors had begun waiting.Ropes and buoys（浮标）marked a 63-metre couarse.I had no idea if my best score was good enough to win.Wh

27、en my name was calledat the prize-giving ceremony that afternoon,I was overjoyed.I was the womens world champion.Im a big believer in giving things a go.Im 42,and to become a world champion at this stageis pretty left-field.It showed me it was worth jumping in the car that day-and proof that achildh

28、ood spent throwing muddy stones from beaches wasnt wasted.24.What did the author enjoy about the stone skimming as a child?A.The competitiveness of the sport.B.The outstanding ability at throwing.C.The satisfaction the glide of the stone brings.D.The fun time she spent with her dad at the beach.25.W

29、hat mainly helped the author all the way through every championship?A.Her discipline.B.Her desire to win.C.Her confidence.D.Her efforts on training.26.What can we conclude from the passage?A.Take it easy in face of challenges.B.Change the world by being yourself.C.A bigger stage is ready for those w

30、ho try.D.Either I will find a way,or I will make one.CClown fish live their adult lives in the protective arms of sea anemones,the small brightlycolored sea animals attached onto rocks to house clown fish.Between birth and adulthood,however,the fish have to complete a treacherous journey.After hatch

31、ing,they swim out to the open sea tofinish developing.After maturing,the young fish swim back,during which they have to avoid a“wall of mouths”by sensing the unfriendly smells.With ocean acidification,a trend that isoccurring worldwide,scientists began to wonder what might happen to fishs sense of s

32、mell.My team put 300 recently hatched clown fish in our lab.When we introduced a friendly fishodor（气味），they did not react.But when we introduced an enemy odor，they swam away.We then repeated the experiment with 300 new hatchlings from the same parents in the more acidicwater-a level we can expect by

33、 the year 2100 if current trends continue.When we introducedfriendly and unfriendly smells at the same time,the fish seemed unable to make up their minds,spending equal time swimming toward one smell and the other.They could sense chemical signalsbut couldnt recognize the meaning of them.It is alway

34、s tricky to say that behaviors seen in a lab would also be seen in the wild.So wewent to a sandy lake near one of the Great Barrier Reefs northern islands to test how wild-caughtdamselfish would react to enemy smells after exposing them to acidic water.In a tank,about half ofthem held in water with

35、acidity expected by 2050 were attracted to the unfriendly odor and halfwere not,yet not one held in water anticipated by 2100 avoided being attracted to the enemy odor.We then let the marked damselfish loose in the lake.The fish once held in the most acidic waterswam farther away from their protecti

36、ve home.Can fish adapt?Most studies have habituated fish tolifted acidic conditions over a few days or months-an extremely short length of time.The animalsare not given a realistic opportunity to adapt.Yet some scientists thought that fish might escape theanger of ocean acidification,in part because

37、 early research done in the 1980s showed that certainanimals had an astonishing ability to regulate their internal chemistry to survive acidified water.Butmaintaining normal functions such as avoiding danger is a different challenge.At a minimum,confusion could place yet another stressor on fish alr

38、eady challenged by risingwater temperatures,overfishing,etc.Further,if many ocean creatures start to behave strangely,entire food webs and ecosystems could come crashing down.Although the science is still new,theresults appear to be lining up:ocean acidification is messing with fishs minds.27.What d

39、oes the underlined word“treacherous in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Risky.B.Hurried.C.Mysterious.D.Helpless.28.What can we learn about the fish in the acidic water?A.They lost their senses to chemical signals.B.They were less likely to respond to threats.C.Their behavior in the lab disappeared in the

40、 wild.D.They tended to seek the protection from their home.29.What can be inferred from the passage?A.The authors study confirms previous findings.B.Fishs adaptation to acidic water is a matter of time.C.Different fishes behave differently to acidity change.D.The chances of restoring fishs minds are

41、 yet to be seen.30.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.What Do Different Stressors Do to Ocean Creatures?B.What Does Ocean Acidity Mean to Ocean Creatures?C.How Does Ocean Acidification Destroy the Ecosystem?D.How Do Ocean Creatures Adapt to Ocean Acidification?DA snake-

42、robot designer,a technologist,an extradimensional physicist and a journalist walkinto a room.The journalist turns to the crowd and asks:Should we build houses on the ocean?Likea think-tank panel,members of the team dream1 up far-out answers to the crucial problem,such asself-driving housing units th

43、at could park on top of one another in the coastal city center.The setting is X,the enterprise which considers more than 100 ideas each year,in areasranging from clean energy to artificial intelligence.Although only a tiny percentage become“projects”with far-reaching creativity,these projects exist,

44、ultimately,to change the world,likeWaymo,the biggest self-driving-car company.In the past 60 years,something strange hashappened.As the academic study of creativity has thrived（蓬勃发展），the label innovationmay have covered every tiny change of a soda can or a toothpaste flavor,but the rate of productiv

45、itygrowth has been mostly declining since the 1970s.John Fernald,an economist,points out that thenotable exception to the post-1970 decline in productivity occurred when businesses throughout theeconomy finally figured out the breakthrough technology-information technology.John Fernaldsays,“Its poss

46、ible that productivity took off,because we picked all the low-hanging fruit from theIT wave.”Actually,the world economy continues to harvest the benefits of IT.But where will thenext technology shock come from?Breakthrough technology results from two distinct activities-invention and innovation.Inve

47、ntion is typically the work of scientists and researchers in labs,while innovation is an inventionput to commercial use.Seldom do the two activities occur successfully under the same roof.Theytend to thrive in opposite conditions;while competition and consumer choice encourage innovation,invention h

48、as historically progressed in labs that are protected from the pressure to generate profit.Allowing well-funded and diverse teams to try to solve big problems is what gave us thecomputer and the Internet.Today,we fail to give attention to planting the seeds of this kind ofambitious research,while co

49、mplaining about the harvest.“Companies are really good atcombining existing breakthroughs in ways that consumers like.But the breakthroughs come frompatient and curious scientists,not the rush to market,”says Jon Gertner,the author of The IdeaFactory.“Technology is a tall tree,”John Fernald said.“Bu

50、t planting the seeds of invention andharvesting the fruit of innovation are entirely distinct skills,often mastered by differentorganizations and separated by many years.”As for me,both of them are essential for technology,although they are relatively independent.I dont think X is a planter or a har