英美国家概况课后题及答案.docx

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1、Chapter 21. The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3. The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe- the Britons.(T)4. The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century.(T)5. The chie

2、f or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7. Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privilege

3、d class and the townspeople.(F)9. The Hundred Years War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F) 10. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)1. The

4、D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic2. By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. Westminster Abbey was built at th

5、e time of B .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great4. The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law5. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C

6、.A. the House of Valois B. the House of YorkC. the House of Tudor D. the House of Lancaster6. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIIIs effort to A .A. divorce his wife B. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church7. The English Ci

7、vil War broke out in 1642 between B .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians8. A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta9. The Industrial Revolution was

8、accomplished in Britain by the middle of the C century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th10. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the D century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thChapter 3 1. Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of

9、 the British government.(F)2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3. In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4. British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5. Lords Spiritual and Lords Tempor

10、al are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6. The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parlia

11、ment.(F)9. British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)1. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of

12、 the following branches with the exception of the C .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D .A. passing the bills B. advising the government C. political partiesD. public attitude3. As a revising chamber, the House of

13、 Lords is expected to B the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect4. British Cabinet works on the principle of A .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to

14、 B .A. make decisions B. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet6. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every C years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six7. C has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland8. Generally speaking, the

15、British Parliament operates on a B system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party9. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and D .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism10. The Labor Party

16、 affected the British society greatly in that it A .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD.enhanced the economic developmentChapter 41. Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2. The British economy experienced a rel

17、ative decline during the postwar period.(T)3. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4. Thatchers revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5. The

18、economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6. Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7. Britain is the worlds leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8. The fishing

19、 industry provides more than 50%of Britains demand for fish.(T)9. Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)10. Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)1. The British economy achieved global dominance by the C .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.

20、1890s2. In B , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 19483. The A in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem4. Of the following practice

21、s, C does not belong to Thatchers social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions5. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except D .A. limiting government spendingB.

22、 keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality6. Britain has devoted C of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84% 7. Britains important fishing areas include all the following except D .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD

23、. The sea area between Britain and Ireland8. Coal mining industry in Britain provides B of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/39. The car industry in Britain in mostly A .A. foreign-owned B. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned10. Of the following sectors in Britain,

24、C has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.A. Agriculture B. energy industry C. service industryD.manufacturing industryChapter 51. The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)2. Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between

25、 the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3. The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4. When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5. Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to

26、enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6. In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7. Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8. The Times is the worlds oldest

27、 national newspaper(F)9. The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)1. In Britain, the division between grammar sch

28、ools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the D .A. 1930s B. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s2. About B of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants, t

29、he British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except B .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD.corporate contributions4. Of the following, A is NOT a basis of admission to Britains universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD.

30、 school references5. To be admitted to the Open University, one need B .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-Advanced D.General National Vocational Qualifications6. Among Britains quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as

31、 the “Big Three with the exception of C .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The Observer D. The Daily Telegraph7. Life on Earth is a kind of C program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera8. D is Britains top pay television pr

32、ovider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB9. Of the following, D is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each others companyD. families traveling overseas10. The following Christmas traditions are particularly Brit

33、ish except A .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queens Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomimeChapter 91. America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T)2. The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy wer

34、e founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F)3. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T)4. Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F)5. During Clintons term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower r

35、ate of unemployment.(T)6. In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T)7. According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on September1

36、1,2001.(F)8. The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the axis of evil.(T)9. On March 19,2003,American and United Nations troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(F)10. Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide

37、when to withdraw its army.(T)1.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at C in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia2. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of B who came to America to avoid persecution in England.A. Protestants B.

38、PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians3. The Seven Years War occurred between the C .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians4. “No taxation without representation was the rallying slogan of D .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of Pe

39、nnsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies5. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in B .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston6. In May 1775, B was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.A. the

40、First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation7. Abraham Lincoln issued C to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights8. The policy of the United States w

41、as A at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutrality B. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement9. President C applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy10. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and

42、it continued throughout the terms of Presidents D .A. Johnson, Nixon and Ford B. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonChapter 101. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787.(F)2. The form of American government is based on three

43、 main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T)3. The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F)4. Certain presidential appointments

44、must be approved by Congress.(T)5. The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T)6. Like Britain, the United States has a two-party system.(T)7. The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its id

45、eology.(F)8. American presidential campaign adheres to the winner-take-all practice.(T)9. American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F)10. American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.(T)1.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in B .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17932. The Constitution of the United States C .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the