【夺分天天练】2014中考英语总复习 语法专题8 动词分类及动词短语课件（含13年试题） 人教新目标版.ppt

《【夺分天天练】2014中考英语总复习 语法专题8 动词分类及动词短语课件（含13年试题） 人教新目标版.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【夺分天天练】2014中考英语总复习 语法专题8 动词分类及动词短语课件（含13年试题） 人教新目标版.ppt（51页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题专题 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 1实义动词实义动词 考点直击 实义动词意义完整，能独立用作谓语。实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词之分。(及物动词是指后面要跟宾语的动词；不及物动词指后面不需要跟宾语的动词)。1.及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整，常用结构：(1)主语及物动词宾语。如：She missed a lot of lessons.她耽误了很多课程。(2)主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语。如：He often makes his parents angry.他经常使他的父母生气。(3)主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语。如：He

2、gave me a book.他给了我一本书。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 2助动词 协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用。1帮助构成疑问句或否认句句式的助动词有do,does,did 及其否认形式。如：Did you go home last week?上周你回家了吗？2帮助构成时态的助动词有be,have,shall,will等。如：We are playing an interesting game.我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。2不及物动词本身意义完整，后面不需跟宾语，常用结构：主语不及物动词(状语)。如：Li Hu

3、a works very hard.李华工作很勤奋。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 3系动词 系动词亦称连系动词。本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，称作“系表结构。常用结构：主语系动词表语。具体分类及用法如下：1状态系动词：只有be动词。如：They are always very happy.他们总是很快乐。2.持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay,rest,lie,stand。如：I hope youll keep fit.我希望你将一直保持健康。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 3

4、表象系动词：表示“看起来好似，主要有seem,appear,look等。如：My mother seems very satisfied with my progress.妈妈对我的进步似乎很满意。4感官系动词：表示“起来，主要有feel(摸起来，感觉),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来，吃起来)等。如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布摸起来很柔软。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 5变化系动词：表示“主语变成什么样，主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run等

5、。如：The small town is becoming busier and busier.小镇变得越来越忙碌。6终止系动词：主要有prove,turn out(结果是，证明是)等。如：My plan turned out a success.我的方案成功了。提醒有些系动词也是实义动词，可单独作谓语。如：He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 4情态动词情态动词 情态动词表示说话人的语气、情态，无人称和数的变化。情态动词有自己的词汇意思，但不能独立作谓语，其后须跟动词原形。使用频率较高的情态动词有can(could),

6、may(might),must,need,shall(should),will(would)及半情态动词have to,had better。1can和could(1)can(could)表示说话人能、可以、同意、准许，以及客观条件许可做某事。could为can的过去式。表示请求时，could比can更委婉。如：Could I borrow your pen?我可以借你的钢笔吗？专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 (2)can 意为“能、会时，相当于“be able to(适用于各种时态)，can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时。如：A few months late

7、r,Ill be able to swim alone.几个月后，我将能单独游泳。(3)cant表示否认推测。如：That cant be Mr Wang.He has gone to Beijing.那肯定不是王老师。他已经去北京了。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 2may和mightmay和might意为“可以，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可。may也可表示祝愿。might 是may 的过去式，表示可能性更小、语气更加委婉。如：May I take some photos here?我可以在这儿拍照吗？May you be happy.祝你开心。3must和ha

8、ve to(1)must 意为“必须，应该，一定，准是，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。但mustnt表示“禁止，不允许。如：He must be working in his office.他一定正在办公室工作。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 You mustnt smoke here.你不准在这儿吸烟。(2)must 和 have to 的区别：must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 表示客观需要。如：I must do my homework first.我必须首先做家庭作业。It is raining hard out

9、side.I have to stay at home.外面雨下得很大，我不得不待在家里。4need的用法need 表示“需要，必须。主要用于否认句和疑问句中，否认形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，不必；答复need引导的问句时，肯定答复用must，否认答复用 neednt。此外need还可以作实义动词使用。如：专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 Need we do some cleaning now?No,you neednt.“我们必须现在大扫除吗？“不，你们不必。I need to see the doctor now.我现在需要看医生。5shall 和wills

10、hall用于第一人称的句子表示提建议或请求；will用于第二人称疑问句表示征求意见或提建议。如：Shall we go out for a walk?我们出去散步好吗？Will you go shopping with us?你要不要和我们一起去购物呢？专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 和wouldshould用于各种人称的句子中，强调义务或责任；would是will的过去式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：You should study harder.你应该更加努力学习。He said he would visit the Great Wall

11、 the next year.他说他明年将游览长城。7had better had better意为“最好，没有人称的变化，后接不带to的不定式。如：You had better exercise more.你最好多锻炼。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 5动词短语 动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫作动词短语。动词短语主要有四类：1动词副词：常见的有give up,think over,take off,write down,put off等。这些词组的宾语如果是名词时，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词之后；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词时，那么要放在动词和副词中间。如：

12、They have decided to put off the meeting.They have decided to put the meeting off.他们已经决定推迟会议了。Smoking is bad for your health.You must give it up.吸烟有害健康，你必须戒掉它。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 2动词介词：常见的有ask for,care about,look for,look after,send for,laugh at,hear of(from)，get over等。如：We shouldnt laugh at

13、 others.我们不应该嘲笑别人。3动词副词介词：常见的有look down upon,get on with,catch up with等。如：If you study hard,youll catch up with your classmates.如果你努力学习，你将能赶上你的同班同学。4动词名词介词：常见的有take care of,make use of,pay attention to,make fun of 等。如：Please pay more attention to details.请多注意细节。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 12021宜宾 Li

14、 Lei,hurry up!The bus is coming.Oh,no.We _ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green.A.mustnt Bmay not Cneednt Dhave to22021临沂 Do you know the song Gangnam Style?Of course.It _interesting.A.tastes Bsmells Csounds DfeelsAC考点过关 专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 32021兰州 Look at the boy playing bas

15、ketball on the ground.Is it George?It _ be him.He told me he would play basketball after class,but hes not sure.A.mustnt Bmust Ccant Dmay42021宜宾 President Xi Jinping calls on Chinese people to _ all the food each meal.A.eat up Buse up Cpick up Dcut up52021牡丹江 Who cooks dinner in your family?My mothe

16、r _ A.does Bdid CdoADA专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 1It _ me two weeks to finish reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.AcostBpaidCspentDtook 解析解析 此题考查句型此题考查句型“It takes/took sb some time to do sth意为意为“做某事花费某人多长时间。做某事花费某人多长时间。D语法专练 专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 2The food here smells good,but what doe

17、s it _ like?Ataste Btouch Cseem Dfeel3Mom,when can I go out to play football?Finish your homework first,or I _let you go out.Adont Bdidnt Cwont DhaventA C专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 4.The sense of happiness will increase if you _ what you like to do.Ado Bdid Cwill do Dshould do 解析解析 if 意为意为“如果，引导条件状

18、语从句，遵循如果，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主主将从现原那么，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。将从现原那么，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。因此选因此选A。A专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 5Spring is a beautiful season when all trees _ green.Aturn Bsound Cfeel Dbecome 解析解析 turn 表示在颜色和性质等方面与以前完全不同，强调变化的结果。A专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 62021泰州 What do you think of the song“You and

19、Me？It _ great.I love singing it.Atastes Blooks Csmells Dsounds7The young man broke his arm in the accident and had to_his job.Agive up Bput up Ccut up Dpick upDA专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 82021烟台 My bike is broken.Could you help me to _？Afix it up B.set it up Cmake it up D.put it up92021绍兴 The girl

20、 is afraid to dance in public because she thinks others may _ her.Alaugh at B.wait for Chear of D.agree with AA 专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 102021湖州 Would you mind speaking more slowly?I can hardly _ you.Of course not.AreadB.followC.missD.match11What are you going to do during your vacation?Im not s

21、ure.I have no time to_it at the moment.Aworry about Bthink about Cget over Dcome overBB专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 12This book_educating teenagers.Would you like to buy it?Yes,Ill take it.Aaims at Btakes place Cgives out Dsets up132021湖州 Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow?Well,it all _ the weather.Ab

22、elongs to B.happens to Cdepends on D.concentrates onAC专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 14Im not sure how to pronounce this word.Youd better_its right pronunciation in the dictionary.Alook after Blook down Clook up Dlook out15Bill doesnt like the sunglasses in the ad because they cant _ the sun well.Atake

23、 out Bkeep out Cclean out Dlook outCB专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 16He _ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.Amade out Bpicked up Cgave up Dtook in 解析解析 pick up在此意为在此意为“(偶然偶然)得到，听到，学会。得到，听到，学会。B专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 172021内江 The plane to Chengdu _ just now.You have to wait

24、 until tomorrow.Atook off B.took after Ctook out D.took away18The sweater is very nice.Ill take it.But youd better _ first.I think it is a little large for you.Apay for it Bput it on Cput it off Dtry it onAD 解析解析 pay for意为意为“付款；付款；put on意为意为“穿上；穿上；put off意为意为“推迟；推迟；try on意为意为“试穿。由答语试穿。由答语“我认我认为你穿有点大

25、。可知应选为你穿有点大。可知应选D。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 19Jack has never visited the Forbidden City,but he has _ it.Astood for Bbelonged to Cheard about Dkept to 解析解析 hear about意为意为“听说，为固定短语。听说，为固定短语。C专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 202021菏泽 Whenever I see the birds,Ill_ flying in the sky.Athink up Bdream of Cwor

26、k on Dpick up 解析解析 dream of意为意为“想象；梦想，为固定短语。想象；梦想，为固定短语。B专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 212021青岛 He _ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area _ Aput out;to work out well Bhanded out;help them out Cgave out;work out well Dgave away;to help them outD专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 22_，you guys!Y

27、ou dont want to miss the train,do you?ALook up BGive up CHurry up DGrow up 解析解析 look up意为意为“查询；查询；give up意为意为“放弃；放弃；hurry up意为意为“快点；快点；grow up意为意为“长大。从后句句长大。从后句句意意“你们不想错过火车，可知是让他们快点。你们不想错过火车，可知是让他们快点。C232021青岛 She said she returned the book to the library.Im sure she _ Atakes B.is Cwas D.didD专题专题 8

28、8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 242021梅州 Her son _ Coke,but now he _ milk.Aused to drink;is used to drinking Bused to drinking;drinks Cis used to drinking;used to drink Dis used to drink;is drinking 解析解析 考查词义辨析。考查词义辨析。used to do sth意为意为“过去常做某过去常做某事；事；be used to doing sth意为意为“习惯于做某事。根据习惯于做某事。根据句意选句意选A。A专题专题 8 8

29、 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 25.Han Han is a popular writer.His new book will _ this September.Acome up Bcome in Ccome out Dcome on262021泰安 I want a ticket to Shanghai this afternoon,please.OK.Will you please _ me your ID card?Atell BserveCsend DshowCD 解析解析 show sb sth 意为意为“向某人出示某物。向某人出示某物。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语

30、动词分类及动词短语 27.All the oil in the world will _ some day.Yeah.What shall we use for power at that time?Agiven awayBput away Crun out Dset out28Jenny,would you please_ my dog when I am away?No problem.Alook up Blook in Clook at Dlook after CD 解析解析 look after 意为意为“照顾，照料。照顾，照料。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语

31、29What are you going to do for the School Day?Well _ a new play.Aput out Bput off Cput into Dput on 解析解析 由句意可知，一个新的戏剧将在学校日上演。由句意可知，一个新的戏剧将在学校日上演。put out意为意为“熄灭；熄灭；put off意为意为“推迟；推迟；put into意为意为“进港，入港；进港，入港；put on意为意为“上演。上演。D专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 30Will the hotel _ free breakfast _ the guests?A

32、provide;with Bprovide;to Coffer;with Doffer;to 31How is peoples life in the earthquake areas?They are living a much better life than we_.Asuggested Bexpected Cnoticed DsupportedDB专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 32Sorry!I have to go back at once because I have_my homework in my bedroom.Aforgotten Bfetche

33、d Cleft Dtaken33Taiwan is part of China.We _ the same history and culture.Aexplain Bexpress Cconnect DshareCD专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 342021枣庄 In France you _ put bread on the table.You are not supposed to put it on the plate.Ashouldnt B.are supposed to Cwould like to D.will 352021内江 _I finish my

34、 homework now?No,you_.Your work is over today.ACant;must B.Must;dont have to CMay;couldnt D.Couldnt;couldBB专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 36My uncle _ be tired.He has been running for a long time.But my aunt _ be tired.She has just begun to run.Amay not;must Bmust;cant Ccant;must Dmust;may not 解析解析 mus

35、t表推测时，语气最强烈，意为表推测时，语气最强烈，意为“肯定，一定肯定，一定；cant表示否认的推测，意为表示否认的推测，意为“一定不一定不(是是)。B专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 372021菏泽 Can we run across the road now?No,we _.We have to wait until the light turns green.Aneednt B.mustnt Ccouldnt D.shouldnt382021武汉 Honey,stay home before I return.I _，mum.Amust B.can Cwill D

36、.should BC专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 392021福州 Mum,must I stay there the whole day?No,you_.You _come back after lunch,if you like.Amustnt;can Bneednt;must Cneednt;may Dmustnt;may 解析解析 neednt 意为意为“没有必要；没有必要；may意为意为“可以，可以，表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可。表示说话人同意、许可或请求对方许可。C专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 40_ I take some

37、 photos here?No,you _ AMay;mustnt BMust;mustnt CMay;neednt DCould;wont 解析解析 用用may提问时，否认答复用提问时，否认答复用mustnt。A专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 41I _ stop playing computer games because of my poor eyesight.Amust Bcant Chave to Dmustnt 解析解析 have to 表示客观需要，意为表示客观需要，意为“不得不。不得不。C专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 42202

38、1宁波 What do you want to eat for lunch?I will prepare earlier today.Honey,you_.Lets go out to have something different.Amustnt Bcant Cshouldnt Ddont have to 解析解析 dont have to 意为意为“没有必要，相当于没有必要，相当于neednt。D专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 43.Someone is knocking at the door.Is it Ann?It _be her.She is giving

39、 a performance at the theater now.Amay B.must Ccant D.mustnt44Drivers _wear the safety belts when driving.This is the traffic rule.Acan Bmay Cwill DmustCD 解析解析 根据题意可知：根据题意可知：驾驶员在驾驶的时候必须系平驾驶员在驾驶的时候必须系平安带。安带。专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 45Dick,_ I use your edictionary?Yes,please._ you give it to Mike a

40、fter you use it?Awill;Would B.may;Might Ccan;Could D.shall;Should 解析解析 此题考查情态动词的用法辨析。此题考查情态动词的用法辨析。will,shall一般一般用将来时态；向别人请求许可用用将来时态；向别人请求许可用can或或may。根据句意可。根据句意可排除排除A、D两项。两项。might表示语气较弱，一般不常用于疑问表示语气较弱，一般不常用于疑问句表示请求，疑问句表示请求一般用句表示请求，疑问句表示请求一般用could,can,may。应。应选选C。C专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 46Is Mari

41、a knocking at the door?It_be her.She is in Australia now.Amay not B.neednt Cmustnt D.cant 47.2021宜昌 Difficulties always go with me!Cheer up!If God closes a door in front of you,there _ be a window opened for you.Awould B.must Ccould D.can DB专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 48.2021咸宁 Its rather hot in the

42、 room.Youd better _ the windows or the door.A.close B.not to close C.dont close D.not close 49If anybody calls,tell them Im out,and ask them to _ their names and addresses.Apass Bwrite Ctake DleaveDD专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 50Will you please help me to repair the computer now?Sorry.Im too busy an

43、d I havent a minute to _.Aspare Bshare Cspend Dsave51Paul,what do you think of the iPhone 4S?I really like it,but I cant _ it.Astand Bafford Cspend DrefuseAB专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 52The government has _ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China.Ataken up Bput up

44、 Cpicked up Dset up53These photos are very valuable because they can _ me _ the life living in the countryside.Athink;of Bremind;of Clet;down Dwake;upDB专题专题 8 8 动词分类及动词短语动词分类及动词短语 54Anyone who dances well can _ the school dancing club.Atake part in Btake off Ctake out Dtake care of55To protect the environment,supermarkets dont _ free plastic bags for shoppers.Atake Bshow Cprovide DcarryAC