必修一unit_2_english_around_the_world_重点单词、短语和句型.ppt

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1、Unit 2Unit 2 Period 2 Learning about language 重点单词重点单词1.baseIt was more on German than the English we speak at present.观观察思考察思考This book is based on a true story.这这本本书讲书讲的是一个真的是一个真实实的故事。的故事。They decided to base the new company in York.他他们们决定将新成立的公司决定将新成立的公司总总部部设设在在约约克郡。克郡。What are you basing this th

2、eory on?你你这这种理种理论论的根据是什么？的根据是什么？based归纳总结归纳总结base_。2base与与basis的区的区别别：二者都有二者都有“根底的意思。根底的意思。base所指的所指的“根底是具体的；根底是具体的；basis所所指指的的“根底是抽象的。根底是抽象的。the base of a building建筑物的根基根底，底部建筑物的根基根底，底部the economic basis经济经济根底根底3on the basis of根据根据；以；以为为根底根底v.v.以以为根据；把总部等设在为根据；把总部等设在.be based on.以以为为根据根据the base fo

3、r 的根据地的根据地1 1即学即用即学即用1他把希望寄托在我他把希望寄托在我们们昨天得到的好消息上。昨天得到的好消息上。He the good news we had yesterday.2这这部小部小说说是以事是以事实为实为根据的。根据的。The novel fact.based his hopes onis based on2 mand Can you find the following and request from Reading?观观察思考察思考 He commanded the soldiers to attack.=He commanded that the soldiers

4、(should)attack.他命令士兵他命令士兵们进们进攻。攻。I never promised to obey her commands.我从未容我从未容许许服从她的命令。服从她的命令。Mr.Smith has a good command of spoken English.史密斯先生史密斯先生对对英英语语口口语语掌握得很好。掌握得很好。command归纳总结归纳总结command _ 。(1)at ones command 听某人支配听某人支配under ones command 由由指指挥挥under the command of sb.在在指指挥挥之下之下have(a)comman

5、d of 掌握；精通尤指掌握；精通尤指语语言言take command of 控制控制(be)in command of 掌握，控制掌握，控制(2)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事command that.(should)do.命令命令v.&n.命令；指命令；指挥挥；掌握；博得；掌握；博得即学即用即学即用1军队军队由国王直接由国王直接统统率。率。The army is .2她精通法她精通法语语。She the French language.考考试题试题(2021山山东济东济宁二模宁二模)What _ of English Xu Gehui _！Agood

6、 command;is at Ba good command;hasCgood command;has Dgood commands;has答案与解析：答案与解析：B此此题题考考查查have a good command of的的用法。用法。under the kings commandhas a good command ofBLONDON-American swimmer Michael Phelps won the mens 100m butterfly on Friday for his 17th Olympic gold and 21st medal overall,as the U

7、nited States overtook China on the top of the medals table thanks to a gold rush in the pool.Phelps wins 21st medal as US overtakes China辨析辨析command与与ordercommand和和order都有都有“命令之意，都可以接名命令之意，都可以接名词词、从、从句作句作宾语宾语，接不定式作，接不定式作宾语补宾语补足足语语，接从句，接从句时时，从句多，从句多用虚用虚拟语拟语气，即气，即(should)do结结构。构。command指指权权威方面的正式命令，主要

8、用于威方面的正式命令，主要用于军军事事场场合。合。order多多为执为执行任行任务务或掌或掌权权者者发发布命令布命令时时使用。使用。如：如：The general commanded his men to attack the city.将将军军命令士兵攻城。命令士兵攻城。His father ordered him to leave.他父他父亲亲叫他走开。叫他走开。3.request In English you use a command or a _ when you want someone to do something.观观察思考察思考 She refused all the re

9、quests for an interview.她拒她拒绝绝了所有要求采了所有要求采访访的的请请求。求。They have made an urgent request for international help.他他们们迫切要求国迫切要求国际际社会的援助。社会的援助。I requested that he(should)leave at once.我要求他我要求他马马上离开。上离开。request归纳总结归纳总结request 。(1)make(a)request for.请请求；要求求；要求at sb.s request=at the request of sb.应应某人之要求某人之要求

10、by request(of)照需要；依照照需要；依照请请求；求；应应邀邀on request一一经经要求要求(2)request sb.to do sth.请请求某人做某事求某人做某事request that sb.(should)do sth.请请求求request sth.from/of sb.向某人向某人请请求某物求某物It is requested that.据要求据要求v.&n.请请求；要求求；要求易混辨异易混辨异request,ask,demand,require(1)request意意为为“请请求，要求，指正式或礼貌的求，要求，指正式或礼貌的请请求。求。通常用于希望通常用于希望别

11、别人做某事，人做某事，语语气比气比较较委婉。委婉。She requested permission to film at the White House.她申她申请请准予在白准予在白宫宫拍拍摄摄。(2)ask意意为为“请请求，指想从求，指想从别别人那里得到什么。其人那里得到什么。其结结构构为为“ask sb.for sth.,ask sb.to do sth.He asked his mother for six dollars.他向母他向母亲亲要要6美元。美元。Parents ask me to come back early after school.父母要我放学后早点回家。父母要我放学后

12、早点回家。(3)demand意意为为“强强烈要求，烈要求，语语气气较较重，含重，含“自己自己觉觉得得有理由要求的意思。后接名有理由要求的意思。后接名词词或不定式作或不定式作宾语宾语，但不，但不能接不定式作能接不定式作宾补宾补，可以接用虚，可以接用虚拟语拟语气的从句。气的从句。The captain demanded to know what was going on.上尉要求知道上尉要求知道发发生了什么事。生了什么事。She demanded that we(should)give her an immediate answer.她她强强烈要求我烈要求我们们立刻立刻给给她一个答复。她一个答复。

13、(4)require意意为为“需要，要求，含需要，要求，含“按照法按照法规规要求的意要求的意思。其后接用虚思。其后接用虚拟语拟语气的从句，也可接不定式作气的从句，也可接不定式作宾补宾补。The city government requires that all the people(should)protect the environment.市政府要求人市政府要求人们们保保护环护环境。境。The city government requires the people to keep the streets clean.市政府要求人市政府要求人们们保持街道清保持街道清洁洁。即学即用即学即用(1

14、)her request,Tom went out immediately to help her out.A.On B.At C.Till D.In(2)We all agreed to his request that he_ to Dalian for sightseeing.A.went B.were going C.go D.shall go考考试题试题(2021天津天津)Dont respond to any emails _ personal information，no matter how official they look.Asearching BaskingCreque

15、sting Dquestioning答案与解析：答案与解析：C句意：不要答复任何索要个人信息的句意：不要答复任何索要个人信息的电电子子邮邮件，不管他件，不管他们们看上去多么正式。看上去多么正式。A、B两两项项都都应应加加for。BCCSimilar National FlagsThe Commonwealth of AustraliaThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandNew Zealand4.recognize Although many Americans move a lot,they still_ and un

16、derstand each others dialects.观观察思考察思考 Line up these men and see if the witness can recognize the criminal.让这让这些人站成一排，看看些人站成一排，看看证证人能否从中把罪犯人能否从中把罪犯认认出来。出来。I recognized him though we were apart for years.尽管我尽管我们们分开多年了，我分开多年了，我还还是是认认出了他。出了他。recognizeEveryone recognized him to be a lawful heir of the m

17、oney.大家都成大家都成认认他是那笔他是那笔钱钱的合法的合法继继承人。承人。归纳总结归纳总结recognize _。(1)recognize sb./sth.by/from.根据根据认认出某人出某人/某事某事(物物)be recognized to be/as.被被认认作作/被被认为认为是是It is recognized that.人人们们公公认认(2)recognition n.认识认识；认认出出out of/beyond recognition认认不出来不出来v.识别识别出；成出；成认认The Republic of The FiJi IslandsTuvalu易混辨析易混辨析reco

18、gnize,know,admit,realize(1)recognize与与know都有都有“认识认识的含的含义义。know表示表示“认认识识，可以用于人或物，以前可以，可以用于人或物，以前可以认识认识，也可以不，也可以不认识认识，是一个延是一个延续续性性动词动词;recognize表示表示“认认出，只能用于原出，只能用于原来就已来就已经认识经认识的人或事物，是一个非延的人或事物，是一个非延续续性性动词动词。(2)recognize与与admit都有都有“成成认认的含的含义义。但。但admit的的对对象一般是不象一般是不对对的或不荣耀的事的或不荣耀的事实实；而；而recognize多指多指“成

19、成认认某人或某物是合法的、有效的。某人或某物是合法的、有效的。(3)recognize与与realize都有都有“意意识识到；到；认认出的含出的含义义，但，但realize强强调调无意中注意到，从而了解本无意中注意到，从而了解本质质，明白事理；，明白事理；而而recognize那么那么强强调调从从对记忆对记忆的搜索中的搜索中识别识别出人、物、出人、物、声音、方位等。声音、方位等。即学即用即学即用(1)刘翔被刘翔被认为认为是世界十佳运是世界十佳运发动发动之一。之一。Liu Xiang one of the ten first-class athletes in the world.(2)人人们们

20、一致一致认为环认为环境境污污染已染已经经成了人成了人们们面面对对的最的最严严重的重的问题问题之一。之一。environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.is recognized asIt is recognized that 考考试题试题(2021黄黄冈质检冈质检)Zhang Haidis face was easily _ because more and more media covered her moving deeds.Aknown Bdiscovered Crec

21、ognized Dseen答案与解析：答案与解析：Cknow“认识认识，知道；，知道；discover“发现发现，觉觉察；察；recognize“认认出，出，识别识别；see“看看见见，看到。，看到。结结合合语语境境“因因为为越来越多的媒体越来越多的媒体报导报导了了张张海迪的海迪的动动人事迹，人事迹，所以人所以人们们很容易很容易认认出她的面孔可知出她的面孔可知,recognize符合符合语语境。境。C孟加拉 Peoples Republic of Bangladesh日本 Japan贝劳 The Republic of Palau5.straight Well,go round the cor

22、ner on your left-hand side,_ on and cross two streets.观观察思考察思考 A straight line is the shortest distance between two points 两点之两点之间间直直线线最短。最短。Its time for some straight talking.现现在在该该开开诚诚布公地布公地谈谈谈谈了。了。There was no wind.The smoke rose straight upward.因因为为没有没有风风，所以烟笔直地往上升。，所以烟笔直地往上升。straightThe Arab Re

23、public of EgyptRepublic of IraqThe Syrian Arab RepublicThe Republic of Yemen归纳总结归纳总结straight_。straighten v.弄直；使正确；整弄直；使正确；整顿顿go straight 改正自新改正自新straight away 马马上，立即上，立即set sb.straight 纠纠正某人正某人即学即用即学即用A road goes from our college to the city center.A.straight;straight B.straightly;straightlyC.straig

24、ht;straightly D.straightly;straightadj.&adv.直的；坦直的；坦诚诚的；直接；一直的；直接；一直A墨西哥墨西哥 The United Mexican States意大利意大利 The Republic of Italy乍得乍得 The Republic of Chad罗马尼亚罗马尼亚 Romania6.rapidly adv.快速地快速地 Their influence is rapidly on the rise.他他们们的影响的影响在迅速的提高。在迅速的提高。辨析辨析-rapidly/quickly/fast/immediately rapidly指

25、一个或一指一个或一连连串的串的动动作迅速、敏捷作迅速、敏捷,着重指着重指动动作本身。作本身。quickly一般指一般指动动作敏捷迅速、毫不延作敏捷迅速、毫不延迟迟，在，在较较短短的的时间时间内内发发生或完成某生或完成某项动项动作。作。fast主要指运主要指运动动着的人或物体速度快。着的人或物体速度快。immediately侧侧重于在重于在时间时间上毫不耽上毫不耽误误。选词选词填空填空 rapidly/quickly/fast/immediately(1)Do you understand the _ changing world of computer technology?(2)When y

26、ou turn on the TV set，clear picture will 。appear on the screen.(3)The report was _ prepared for publication.(4)The trains running five minutes _.rapidly immediately quickly fast 哥伦比亚The Republic of Colombia厄瓜多尔The Republic of Ecuador委内瑞拉Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela7.include vt.包括，包含包括，包含 My plan

27、 includes most of your suggestions.这项这项方案包括了你的大局部建方案包括了你的大局部建议议。The expenses are included in the account.费费用用包括在包括在账账内。内。辨析辨析 contain/include/cover contain“包含，含有，装着，通常指在一个包含，含有，装着，通常指在一个整体中所包含的全部内容，或在一个容器中容整体中所包含的全部内容，或在一个容器中容纳纳的的全部全部东东西，西，强强调调包含的整体内容。包含的整体内容。include“包含，包括，指在一个整体中包括了其中一包含，包括，指在一个整体中

28、包括了其中一部部分内容、工程等，分内容、工程等，强强调调包含局部。常用的两种表达方式：包含局部。常用的两种表达方式：including sb./sth.sb./sth.included。cover“包括；包括；设计设计，处处理；适用于；理；适用于；(钱钱)够够之用，足之用，足以支付。以支付。选词选词填空填空contain/include/cover/hold(1)We all went，_ Mary.We all went，Mary _.(2)Will$200 _ the cost of the damage?Im afraid not.I need at least 100 more.(3)

29、He was worried，because he lost his bag_his passport，ID card and a lot of money.including included cover containing(including)8.present adj.现现在的在的;出席的出席的;到到场场的的 v.颁奖颁奖,授予授予 n.礼物礼物 Water pollution is present in this area.这这个地区存在水个地区存在水污污染的染的现现象。象。The Smiths,and other people present，are all my friends.

30、史密斯夫史密斯夫妇妇以及其他在以及其他在场场的人都是我的好朋友。的人都是我的好朋友。搭配搭配 (1)at present;at the present time 目前目前,现现在在(2)make a present of sth.to sb.make sb.a present of sth.把某物把某物赠赠送送给给某人某人(3)be present at the meeting 出席会出席会议议 Keep your face always to the sunshine and the shadows will fall behind you！永远面朝阳光，阴影就会被甩到后面！完成句子完成句子

31、(1)There were 200 people_(出席出席会会议议)(2)He admired my typewriter so much.I_ (赠赠送送给给他他)it.(3)They _ a sum of money _(赠赠与与)the college in memory of their son.present at the meeting made him a present of presented to 9.direction n.方向方向;指指导导;(常用复数常用复数)指示指示;说说明明书书As we fired at the enemys position,they fle

32、d in all directions.当我当我们们向向敌军阵敌军阵地开火地开火时时，他，他们们四四处处逃逃窜窜。搭配搭配 (1)in one direction 朝某一方向朝某一方向 in all directions 朝四面朝四面 八方八方(2)under the direction of sb.under ones direction 在某人指在某人指导导下下(3)in/from the direction of 朝着朝着/来自来自方向方向(4)according to ones directions 根据某人的指示根据某人的指示follow/obey/listen to ones di

33、rection 听从某人指听从某人指导导(5)keep sb.s directions in mind 记记住某人的指示住某人的指示在某人指导下在某人指导下【英文谚语】1.Bad news has wings.坏事传千里2.Beauty is in the eyes of the gazer.情人眼里出西施3.Behind bad luck comes good luck.塞翁失马，焉知非福4.Being on sea,sail;being on land,settle.随遇而安完成句子完成句子(1)She _(问了方向问了方向)and then tells her friends.(2)To

34、m went off _(朝着一个方向朝着一个方向)and Harry in another.(3)He did the work _.(在我的指导下在我的指导下)asks direction in one direction under my direction A smile is the shortest distance between two people.微笑是两个人之间最短的距离。重点短语重点短语1 1come upcome upThe sun has come up.The sun has come up.太阳升上来了。太阳升上来了。The farmers will come

35、up to Beijing.The farmers will come up to Beijing.那些农那些农民要上北京。民要上北京。联想联想 come up come up 上升；上来；上升；上来；(从乡下从乡下)上上(城市城市)；(种子种子等等)长出长出 地面；被提出。地面；被提出。come up with (come up with (人人)找到或提出找到或提出(答案，方法等答案，方法等)come about come about 发生发生 come up to come up to 到达到达come back come back 回来回来 come across come acros

36、s (偶然偶然)碰到，遇见碰到，遇见come on come on 加油；出现；出场；开始加油；出现；出场；开始come out (come out (照片上照片上)显露；结果是；出版显露；结果是；出版come to/round 恢复知恢复知觉觉用用come的有关短的有关短语语填空填空(1)Would you my flat for a visit?(2)The question _ at the meeting whether we had enough money.(3)She new idea for increasing sales.(4)We should think of the

37、problems that may _ in the future.(5)Can you tell me how the accident？come up to came up came up with a come up came about 各种鬼的英文表达各种鬼的英文表达1)demon 2)lazybones 魔鬼魔鬼 懒鬼懒鬼3)alcoholic 4)drunkard 酒鬼酒鬼 醉鬼醉鬼5)chain smoker 6)naughty child 烟鬼烟鬼 淘淘气鬼气鬼7)troublemaker 8)vampire 捣蛋鬼捣蛋鬼 吸吸血鬼血鬼9)coward 10)gambling

38、 addict 胆小鬼胆小鬼 赌赌鬼鬼11)lecher 色鬼色鬼2.make use of 利用利用Most of the waste can be made use of.大多数大多数废废物可以利用。物可以利用。联联想想 make full use of 充分利用充分利用make good use of 好好利用好好利用make the best use of 尽量利用尽量利用be of great use 很有用很有用come into use 开始被使用开始被使用be in use 在使用中在使用中bring/put.to use 使使投入使用投入使用完成句子完成句子(1)我我们们工厂

39、工厂对对机器人的使用与日俱增。机器人的使用与日俱增。Our factory is_robots.(2)她开始考她开始考虑虑怎怎样样利用它。利用它。She began to consider .(3)我我们们必必须须好好利用我好好利用我们们有限的有限的时间时间和金和金钱钱。We must .(4)人人类类，尤其是中国人，尤其是中国人，应该应该充分利用其自然充分利用其自然资资源。源。Human beings,especially the Chinese,should _ their natural resources.making increasing use of what use could

40、be made of it make good use of our limited time and money make full use of 3.because of becasue of 因因为为.后面跟后面跟n./pron.作状作状语语.because后面跟后面跟从句从句,作原因状作原因状语语。联联想想 due to+n./pron.由于由于;作表作表语语或状或状语语,不可放于句首不可放于句首 thanks ton./pron.多多亏亏,由于由于;作表作表语语或状或状语语 owing ton./pron.由于由于;作表作表语语或状或状语语 as a result of 因因为为的的

41、结结果果;作状作状语语 on account of 因因为为;作状作状语语 result from因因为为 by reason of由于由于(作状作状语语)用用because/because of填空填空(1)He realized she was crying what he had said.(2)The light went out，_ the oil was out.(3)Weve made such great progress your help.because of because because of 考考试题试题(2007浙江浙江)The open-air celebrati

42、on has been put off_the bad weather.Ain case of Bin spite ofCinstead of Dbecause of答案与解析：答案与解析：DThe openair celebration has been put off的原因是的原因是the bad weather，因此用，因此用because of。其他。其他选选项项中，中，in case of意思是意思是“以防；以防；instead of意思是意思是“代代替；替；in spite of意思是意思是“尽管。尽管。D各种版本的“我再也不相信爱情了正常版：I will never ever b

43、elieve in love.四六级作文高分版:Never will I believe in love any more.托福版：Id rather die than believe in love.金山翻译版：I do not believe love is the.莎翁版：Oh love,never shall I believe in thee！(2021杭州杭州质检质检)Ill never forget such an attractivecity_ I spent many happy hours there with myclassmates last summer holida

44、ys.Athat BwhereCin which Dbecause答案与解析：答案与解析：D根据上下文根据上下文语语意知后面是原因状意知后面是原因状语语从句。从句。D4.believe it or not 信不信由你信不信由你完成句子完成句子(1)信不信由你，那个老人原来是个贼。信不信由你，那个老人原来是个贼。_,the old man turned out to be a thief.(2)布朗先生昨天回来了，信不信由你，他失踪了好几年。布朗先生昨天回来了，信不信由你，他失踪了好几年。Mr.Brown came back home yesterday._,he was gone for ye

45、ars.Believe it or not Believe it or not 5.play a part(in)扮演一个角色扮演一个角色;参与参与;充当作用充当作用 联想联想 play a role in 扮演角色；充当作用扮演角色；充当作用 act a part/role in扮演一个角色；装腔作势扮演一个角色；装腔作势根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。(1)刘德华将在那部电影中扮演一个角色。刘德华将在那部电影中扮演一个角色。Andy Liu in that movie.(2)在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。Mobile phones

46、are_in our daily life.will play a part playing an important part 考考试题试题(2021浙江六校浙江六校联联考考)Former US president Jimmy Carter played an important _ in establishing ChinaUS ties.Agame BcardCrecord Drole答案与解析答案与解析:D play an important role in在在方面起了重方面起了重要作用。要作用。D6.at present It was based more on German tha

47、n the English we speak _.观观察思考察思考We do not have any more information at present.目前我目前我们们没有没有进进一步的消息。一步的消息。The situation for college students is very serious at present.对对于大学生来于大学生来说说形形势势是很是很严严峻的。峻的。at present老师在黑板上写下woman without her man isnothing让学生给这句话加标点符号。男生加完标点 Woman,without her man,is nothing.

48、(女人，如果没了男人,什么也不是.)女生加完标点Woman!Without her,man is nothing.(伟大的女人！没有她，男人什么也不是。)归纳总结归纳总结at present意意为为:_。at the present time(=for the present)眼前眼前,暂时暂时be present at the meeting 出席会出席会议议be present to mind 放在心里；放在心里；记忆记忆犹新犹新be present to 出出现现在在上上present sb.with sth.把某物把某物赠给赠给/颁发颁发/授予某人授予某人present sth.to

49、sb.把某物把某物颁发给颁发给某人某人present sth.to sb.向某人提交出某物向某人提交出某物present sth.展展现现某物某物目前，眼下目前，眼下即学即用即学即用1出席出席这这次会次会议议的大局部人是科学家。的大局部人是科学家。Most of the people_were scientists.2她她现现在很忙，不能同你在很忙，不能同你说话说话。Shes busy_and cant speak to you.present at the conferenceat present7.more than Do you know that there is one kind o

50、f English?观观察思考察思考 More than 100 scientists attended the meeting.有有100多位科学家参加了多位科学家参加了这这次会次会议议。He is more than a writer;he is also a professor.他不他不仅仅仅仅是位作家，是位作家，还还是一位教授。是一位教授。They were more than glad to help.他他们们非常非常乐乐意帮助。意帮助。The fox is more sly than clever.与其与其说说狐狸狐狸聪聪明，不如明，不如说说它狡它狡诈诈。more than归纳总结