初中定语从句课件精心完全版(教育精品).ppt

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1、定语从句讲解Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates._2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man.He is smoking._4.Where is the picture?You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/that teaches us

2、 Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行叫定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。结构：结构：先行词先行词+关系词关系词 +句子句子The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句_关系关系词词关系代词关

3、系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词关系副词:when,where,why关系代词：关系代词：指物：指物：that（主语（主语/宾语）宾语）which（主（主语语/宾语）宾语）指人：指人：who(主语主语/宾语宾语)that（主语（主语/宾语）宾语）whom（宾语）（宾语）whose指所属关系指所属关系关系代词关系代词that,which引导的定语从引导的定语从句句:如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代名词或代词词，关系代词应用，关系代词应用that、which.(作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)This is a dream.The dream will

4、never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which/that was lost has been found.Practise:1.This is the house _ is for sale.2.The book_ is lying on the floor is mine.which/that 作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）（作主语）（作主语）which/thatwhich/thatwh

5、ich/that 作宾语作宾语：（可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which/that Ive just received.Practise:1.This is the mistake _ I always make.2.I still keep the letters_ she wrote to me.（作宾语）（作宾语）which/thatwhich/that关系代词关系代词who,that,whom引导的定引导的定语从句语从句:如果如果先行词先行词是表示人的名词或代词，是表示人的名词

6、或代词，关系代词应用关系代词应用who,that (作作主语主语或或宾宾语语)whom(作作宾语宾语)who/that 作主语作主语.(不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who/that is very popular in China.(作主语作主语)1.The boy _ broke the window is called Roy.2.Do you know the man_ spoke at the meeting yesterday?who

7、/thatwho/thatwho/whom/that 作宾语：作宾语：(可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer.He described the man just now.The man(who/whom/that)he described just now is a famous writer.(作宾语）作宾语）1.The boy _ I m looking for is my friend.2.The thief _ the police caught last night has been sent to prison(监狱监狱).(who/whom/that

8、)(who/whom/that)小结：小结：that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略语，可以省略.who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。只能用只能用 that,不用不用 which,常见的情况有五种：常见的情况有五种：1.当先行词

9、是当先行词是 all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,no one 或被它们修饰时。或被它们修饰时。Thats all_ I know.Is there anything _ I can do for you?1.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时That is the most interesting book _I have ever read.The first thing_ I should do is to do my less

10、ons.(that)(that)（that）(that)3.当先行词有当先行词有the very,the only,the same等修等修饰时。饰时。Thats the only thing _ I can do now.4.当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的开头时，定语从句的关系词用关系词用 that,而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl _ spoke to you just now?Which is the pen _ you lost?(that)that(that）5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时

11、，关系词用that.The man and his dog _ I always meet are standing by the gate.(that)whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The boy is my classmate.The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.练一练A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan(孤孤儿儿).A.who B.whose C.whos D.whichExerc

12、ise 1:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/that（which/that）who/that（which/that）5.The man _ hair is white is his gra

13、ndfather.6.Is there a student _ father is a business man?7.This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2.1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and th

14、ings _ they couldnt remember.2.Say all _ you know.3.Is there anything _ I can do for you?（that）(that）（that）当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5.This is the best novel _ I have read.（that）（that）当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用t

15、hat.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，关系代词只能用that.that（that)1)This is the hero(whom/that/who)we are proud of.This is the hero of whom we are proud.2)The room(that/which)I live in is very big.The room in which I

16、live is very big.注意注意:介词提前时介词提前时,指物只能用指物只能用which,指人只用指人只用whom。且不可省略且不可省略关系副词：关系副词：when/where/why when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married.It was the year when(=in which)he was born.When=介词介词 +which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place where(=in which)I was bor

17、n.The table where(=at which)she is sitting is a new one.where =介词介词 +whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语,其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why Im late.I know the reason why he said it.Exercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A.which B.when C.that D.on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan.which B.what C.why D.for that