1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题.pdf
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1、11988 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Close Test For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A,B,C,and D.Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.Read the whole passage before making your choice.(10 points)In 1620,a small sailboat named the Mayflowe
2、r left England for the New World.The Mayflower headed for the Jamestown colony on the warm shore of Virginia.Its one hundred passengers were the Pilgrims.They were looking for a place where they could worship God 1.Because of strong winds and severe storms,the Mayflower lost its2.The brave group of
3、colonists finally had to land at Plymouth on the rocky coast of Massachusetts in December 1620.It was the middle of the stern northern winter.3 months of starvation,disease,and death were ahead of them.Only the strongest of the pilgrims4 that winter.Many women gave their own pitiful rations to their
4、 children and died for lack of food for themselves.11Living 5 began to improve in the spring of 1621.12There were wild vegetables.13There were berries and fruit.14Fish and game were plentiful.15Therefore,they were able to get enough fresh meat despite their lack of skill or experience in hunting and
5、 fishing.16The colonistshealth 6 with the warm weather and their better diet.17In the fall,they look back 7 the past year.18They were both regretful 2and thankful.19Only fifty of the original one hundred passengers remained.20The price in human life and tragedy had been great.21On the other hand,the
6、y saw new hope for the future.22A splendid harvest was8 them.23They were ready for the second winter with confidence.24They had eleven crude houses for protection against the severe winter.25Seven were for families,and four were for communal use.269,they had established a treaty of friendship with t
7、heir Indian neighbors under Chief Massasoit in the summer.27The woods and forests became safe.28When the Mayflower returned to England that summer,there were no colonists 10.29At the end of their first year in their new home,the Pilgrims wanted to celebrate with a real holiday.30It was their first T
8、hanks giving Day.328 words 1.A in their own style B in their own way C on their own D of their own 2.A course B route C passage D channel 3.A Uncomfortable B Bad C Unfavourable DTerrible 4.A passed B sustained C survived D spent 5.A situations B environments C conditions D circumstances 6.A strength
9、ened B regained C recovered Dimproved 7.A in B of C over D at 38.A on B behind C for D beyond 9.A Best of all B For the best C To their best DAll in all 10.A ashore B around C about D aboard Section II Reading Comprehension Each of the two passages below is followed by five questions.For each questi
10、on there are four answers.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Put your choice in the brackets on the left.(10 points)Text 1 It doesn t come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you cant remember it.You just
11、waste your valuable time.Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting.One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading.You remember better what you read when you know why youre reading.Why does a
12、clerk in a store go away and leave you when your reply to her offer to help is,“No,thank you.Im just looking”?Both you and she know that if you aren t sure what you want,you are not likely to find it.But suppose you say 4instead,“Yes,thank you.I want a pair of sun glasses.”She says,“Right this way,p
13、lease.”And you and she are off-both eager to look for exactly what you want.It s quite the same with your studying.If you chose a book at random,“just looking”for nothing in particular,you are likely to get just that-nothing.But if you do know what you want,and if you have the right book,you are alm
14、ost sure to get it.Your reasons will vary;they will include reading or studying“to find out more about”,“to understand the reasons for”,“to find out how”.A good student has a clear purpose or reason for what he is doing.This is the way it works.Before you start to study,you say to yourself something
15、 like this,“I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America.I m reading this article to find out.”Or,“I m going to skim this story to see what life was like in medieval England.”Because you know why you are reading or studying,you relate the information to your purpose and r
16、emember it better.Reading is not one single activity.At least two important processes go on at the same time.As you read,you take in ideas rapidly and accurately.But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read.You have a kind of mental conversation with the
17、author.If you expressed your ideas orally,they might sound like this:“Yes,I agree.That s my opinion too.”or“Ummmm,I thought that record was broken much earlier.I d better check those dates,”or“But there are some other facts to be considered!”You don t just sit there taking in ideas-you do something
18、else,and that something else is very important.5This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it,relating it to what you already know,and using it for your own purposes.In other words,a good reader is a critical reader.One part of critical reading,as you have discovered
19、,is distinguishing between facts and opinions.Facts can be checked by evidence.Opinions are ones own personal reactions.Another part of critical reading is judging sources.Still another part is drawing accurate inferences.11.If you cannot remember what you read or study,_.A it is no surprise B it me
20、ans you have not really learned anything C it means you have not chosen the right book D you realize it is of no importance 12.Before you start reading,it is important _.A to make sure why you are 6reading B to relate the information to your purpose C to remember what you read D to choose an interes
21、ting book 13.Reading activity involves _.A only two simultaneous processes B primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically C merely distinguishing between facts and opinions D mainly drawing accurate inferences 14.A good reader is one who _.A relates what he reads to his own knowledg
22、e about the subject matter 7B does lots of thinking in his reading C takes a critical attitude in his reading D is able to check the facts presented against what he has already known Text 2 If you live in a large city,you are quite familiar with some of the problems of noise,but because of some of i
23、ts harmful effects,you may not be aware of the extent of its influence on human behavior.Although everyone more or less knows what noise is,i.e.,it is sounds that one would rather not hear,it is perhaps best to define it more precisely for scientific purposes.One such definition is that noise is sou
24、nds that are unrelated to the task at hand.Thus stimuli that at one time might be considered relevant will at another time be considered noise,depending on what one is doing at the moment.In recent years there has been a great deal of interest in the effects of noise on human behavior,and concepts s
25、uch as“noise pollution”have arisen,together with movements to reduce noise.Exposure to loud noises can definitely produce a partial or complete loss of hearing,depending on the intensity,duration,and frequency composition of the noise.Many jobs present noise hazards,such as working in factories and
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