2017高考英语二轮复习与策略讲练专题4语法填空重点2从句引导词含解析.pdf

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1、重点 2|从句引导词.定语从句的关系词(关系代词和关系副词)自查自纠 解题分析 语法讲解 1.I like the second football match that was held last week.引导词在定语从句中作主 语，指 事 物 用that/which，但当先行词有序数词修饰时只用that 不用 which，故用that。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that，which，who，whom，whose，as。他们在句中可作主语、宾语或定语。(1)that指人或物，可作主语、宾语；which 指物，可作主语、宾语；非限制性定语从句中和介词后用 which 不用 that；(2)wh

2、o/whom 指人，who 作主语，whom 作宾语；(3)whose 指人或物，作定语；(4)as 常指整个句子，可位于句首，常表示“正如”。2.I want to buy a dictionary，which is valuable to my learning.根据逗号可知为非限制性定语从句，引导词作主 语 且 指 物，应 用which。3.Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.引导词在定语从句中作主语且指人，应用 who。根据 those 可知不能用that

3、。4.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected.引导词在定语从句中作定 语 且 指 人，应 用whose。5.As is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.as 引导定语从句可位于句首。6This is the place where they used to take a walk.7Do you know the reason why

4、 he was absent yesterday？引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，用 where。引导词在定语从句中作原因状语，用 why。引导定语从句的关系副词有 when，where，why，他们都在从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。8I still remember the days when we stayed in England.9Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao？引导词在定语从句中作时间状语，用 when。引导词在定语从句中作spent 的宾语，用that/which。先行词表示时间、地

5、点或原因时，引导词不一定用when，where，why，要依它在从句中作什么成分而定。10 Do you know the man with whom Mr.Black talked just now？引导词在介词后，指人用 whom。介词后面的引导词指人时用 whom，指物时用 which。.引导名词性从句的连词(连接词、连接代词和连接副词)自查自纠 解题分析 语法讲解 1.It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.It 作形式主语，引导词在主语从句中没有任何含义，应用 that。引导名词性从句的连

6、接词包括 that，whether/if，它们在从句中不作任何成分，that 无任何含义，whether/if 意为“是否”，if 只能引导宾语从句。2.We must face the fact that the war has killed many people.引导词在同位语从句中没有任何含义，应用 that。3.We still have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.引导词在同位语从句中不作成分，表示“是 否”，应 用whether。4Who will be invited to the ceremony

7、 hasnt been decided.引导词在主语从句中作主语且指人，应用who。引导名词性从句的连接代词 包 括 who，whom，whose，what，which，who(m)ever，whatever，whichever，它们既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。需注意what 表示“什么”，而5I think what impresses me about his painting is the color he uses.引导词在主语从句中作主语且指物，应用what。6Whoever has helped to save the drowning bo

8、y is worth praising.引导词在主语从句中作主语，意为“无论谁”，应用 whoever。which 表示“哪一个”。7The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.引导词在表语从句中作时间状语，应用when。引导名词性从句的连接副词包括 when，where，why，how，它们既起引导从句的作用，同时又在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语。8Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“Thats where I was born.”引导

9、词在表语从句中作地点状语，应用where。9The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.引导词在宾语从句中作原因状语，应用why。10She has known how she should settle the matter.引导词在宾语从句中作方式状语，应用how。.引导状语从句的连词 自查自纠 解题分析 语法讲解 1.On our last hike，we were told to take a rest when we felt tired.表示“当时候”用when。引导时间状语从句的

10、连词常见的有：when，while，as，before，after，since，till，until，once，the moment等。2.John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.It wont be long before.为固定句型，before 引导时间状语从句。3.I wont see him till/until his anger has cooled down.考查 not.until/till句型，until/till 引导时间状语从句。4If you happen to get lost i

11、n the wild，youd better stay where you are and wait for help.所填之词引导地点状语从句，用where 地点状语从句通常由where 引导。5If everyone does his part，the project will surely be a if 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。引导条件状语从句的连词常见的success.主 要 是if和unless。6She says that shell have to close the shop unless business improves.unless 引导条件状语从句，表示“除非

12、，如果不”。7 Mark needs to learn Chinese because his company is opening a branch in Beijing.此处强调原因，应用because。原因状语从句中because 强 调 原因；as，since，now that 指双方都知道的原因。8Although/Though/While I understand your opinion，I dont agree with you.引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”，可用although/though/while。引导让步状语从句 的 连 词 有：although，though

13、，while，even if/though；as/though 用于倒装的让步状语从句。9 He told us such an interesting story that we all laughed.考查 such.that.结构。结果状语从句主要是so/such.that.。10The students should do the experiments as they were told.as 引导方式状语从句，表示“按照，像一样”。引导方式状语从句的连词主要是as。语篇填空 用适当的从句引导词填空。It was late one morning.I dont remember wh

14、at it was about，but my husband and I had a heated argument.I threw a few things in a small suitcase and left home，not knowing where to go.After driving in circles for several minutes，I stopped at a shop to buy something.At that time，my daughter called me and told me her dad was worried about me.But

15、because my anger hadnt left me，I hung up the phone immediately.When I went to my car quickly after finishing my purchase，I found a piece of white paper stuck under my windshield wiper(雨刮器)A truck pulled up beside me before I could see the words on the paper clearly.Hanging out of the window was my h

16、usband，beside whom was my lovely daughter.Thats why I started laughing.Moved by them，I laughed so hard that I cried.Although/Though I had made great efforts to run away from home，the man who loved me managed to find me.A W：Jack，how have your two sons been doing at school recently?M：Mark never starts

17、 studying，and Jason never stops 1 (study)W：Youre joking！I have heard that Jason is likely 2 (be)at the top of his class after exams this year.M：Yes，his teachers also think so.He 3 (work)very hard at his books every evening for months on end recently.He is hoping to 4 Harvard University.W：Great.Maybe

18、 hell become a university professor 5 (he)in the future.M：Maybe.6 sometimes I wish hed go out and enjoy himself 7 a change.W：Yes.What about the younger one?M：Well，Marks teachers say he is clever，but he 8 (rare)does his best.He does his homework in ten minutes every day and then 9 (rush)out to play f

19、ootball.W：Perhaps he can make his fortune at football.People can make plenty of money from sports now.M：My wife always worries about his future.W：Perhaps you can have a talk with him now to find out 10 he is thinking about his studies and future plans.M：Good idea.Ill take your advice.这是一段对话，对话围绕 Jac

20、k 的两个孩子的学习情况展开，一个爱学习，一个爱玩。1studying 考查动名词。固定短语 stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，符合语境。2to be 考查固定用法。be likely to do sth.“有可能做某事”。3has been working 考查现在完成进行时。根据时间状语“every evening for months on end recently”可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示某一动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，并有可能持续下去，故用 has been working。4attend/enter 考查动词。表示“上大学”可以用动词 attend

21、或 enter。5himself 考查反身代词。或许将来他自己会成为一位大学教授。此处用反身代词 himself，表示“他自己”。6But 考查连词。根据语境可知，此处应用转折连词 But。7for 考查介词。句意：但是有时候我希望他能出去玩一下，改变一下。for a change 意为“改变一下”，为固定短语，符合语境。8rarely 考查副词。句意：Mark 的老师说他很聪明，但是他很少尽他最大的努力。此处用副词 rarely“很少”修饰动词。9rushes 考查一般现在时。句意：他每天花十分钟做他的家庭作业，然后跑出去踢足球。此处 and 连接两个并列谓语动词 does 和 rushes

22、。10what 考查宾语从句。句意：或许你现在可以和他谈谈，弄清楚他对于他的学业和未来规划是如何想的。分析句子成分可知，在该宾语从句中，thinking缺少宾语，故用 what 引导。【导学号：85602006】B(2016河南适应性模拟)A young lady confidently walked around the room with a raised glass of water，and everyone knew she was going to ask the question，“Half empty or half full？”She 11 (fool)them all.“Ho

23、w heavy is this glass of water？”she inquired with a smile.12 (answer)came out from 8 oz.to 20 oz.She replied.“The absolute weight doesnt matter.13 depends on how long I hold it.If I hold it for a minute，thats not a problem.If I hold it for an hour，I 14 (have)an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for

24、a day，youll have to call an ambulance.In each case its the same weight，but the longer I hold it，the 15 (heavy)it becomes.”She continued，“And thats the way it is with stress.If we carry our burdens all the time，sooner or later，as the burden becomes 16 (increasing)heavy，we wont be able to carry on.”“A

25、s with the glass of water，you have to put it down for a while and rest before 17 (hold)it again.When were refreshed，we can carry on 18 the burden-holding stress longer and better each time practiced.”So，as early in the evening 19 you can，put all your burdens down.Dont carry them through the evening

26、and into night.20 (pick)them up tomorrow.本文是一篇简短的哲理故事。故事中主人公用一杯水比喻人的压力：压力就像水杯里的水一样，我们举杯子的时间越长，就越会感觉到水变得更重。压力也是如此，我们越放不下，就越会感觉到压力，所以我们要学会“放下”。11 fooled 考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，本文叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。12Answers 考查名词的数。根据“from 8 oz.to 20 oz.”可知，多个人回答了问题，所以用名词的复数形式。13It 考查语境填词 It depends on.是固定句型，意为“这取决于”。故填 it。14

27、will have 考查动词的时态。这是 If 引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。15heavier 考查形容词的比较级。“the比较级.，the比较级.”，意为“越(就)越”。此处指举得时间越长，它就变得越重。故用 heavy的比较级 heavier。16increasingly 考查派生词。此处应用副词修饰形容词 heavy。故填increasingly。17holding 考查非谓语动词。因为空格前的“before”为介词，所以用动名词形式。18 with 考查介词。carry on with sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”。19as 考查语境填词。

28、空格处与前面的 as 构成固定搭配“as.as you can”，意为“尽可能”。20Pick 考查动词的语气。本句为祈使句，因此应用动词原形。C(2016哈尔滨市第三中学第二次高考模拟考试)I was driving home late at night 21 my car lost momentum(冲力)and got slower and slower.Nothing I did seemed to make any 22 (different)“It cant be the fuel，”I thought.The petrol gauge(汽油量表)was showing I had

29、 plenty 23 (leave)Then my car died completely after I 24 (manage)to roll to the side of the road.It was an extremely dark，lonely country road.Neither a single person 25 any traffic was in sight at all.I felt like an idiot.I should not have left without charging my cell phone.The battery was dead and

30、 I was alone without any way 26 (contact)my family.Time dripped slowly like a leaking tap.“God，help me！”I begged anxiously.“Is there someone who will be kind enough to stop and help me out？”27 ，there was no sign of anyone.I was starting to panic，28 (feel)completely abandoned.Suddenly I saw a faint l

31、ight 29 the distance.I waved my white scarf as hard as possible.It was a huge lorry.The driver stopped and kindly drove me to the nearest hotel，30 I had a rest，and then I called my family and explained what had happened.How lucky I was!When he stopped for me，I felt as if I had just found a million d

32、ollars.这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了“我”深夜驾车所经历的困境，最后终于见到了曙光。21.when 考查并列连词。be doing.when.为固定句型，意为“正在做某事，这时”。22.difference 考查派生词。make a difference 为固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”。23.left 考查非谓语动词。句意：汽油量表显示剩下了足够的汽油。leave与 plenty 为动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。24.managed/had managed 考查时态。由 after 可判定 manage 发生在 died之前，故用过去完成时，或用一般过去时与 died 并列。25.

33、nor 考查语境填词。neither.nor.表示“既不也不”。26.to contact 考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：电池没电了，我孤零零地没法联系我的家人。在 way 的后面应用不定式作定语。27.However 考查语境填词。前后两句为转折关系，根据逗号可知应填however，注意首字母要大写。28.feeling 考查非谓语动词作状语。此处应用现在分词 feeling 作伴随状语。29.in 考查介词。in the distance 意为“在远处”。30.where 考查从句的引导词。空格内的词引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语，故用 where。D(2016成都外国语学校高三高考冲刺卷

34、)I was living a life in my screen and hardly noticed what 31 (be)around me.I was always checking the time and thinking of future 32 (plan)My thought was：“Whos going to text me now?What will I do next？”My bedtime routine was usually centered 33 one thing：my phone.34 I went to sleep，I browsed through

35、news websites and checked my emails.When I woke up in the middle of the night，I did the same thing.The problem with this was that I felt anxious every night.So when my friends invited me 35 (go)for a long weekend camping without the cell service，I thought this was 36 (exact)what I needed.Heres how 3

36、7 (keep)away from my phone for 48 hours changed me and my way of life.Without my phone，I 38 (fall)asleep listening to the songs of frogs and crickets.In the morning，I woke up energetically.Sitting by the river，riding a bike，or singing the old songs，I 39 (true)enjoyed what I was doing.I felt free wit

37、hout my phone at weekend camp，40 changed me completely.I listened to what my body wanted instead of what my phone was telling me to do.这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍我曾经对手机很依赖，但一次不带手机的经历使我体验到很多好处。31.was 考查时态。前面的动词 noticed 为一般过去时，根据时态的一致性可知此处应用一般过去时。32.plans 考查名词的数。plan 为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。33.on 考查介词。短语 be centered on 意为“

38、集中到”。34.Before 考查从句引导词。句意：在睡觉前我浏览新闻网站并查看邮件。此处应用 before 引导时间状语从句。35.to go 考查非谓语动词。invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。36.exactly 考查派生词。此处空格内的词修饰谓语部分，应用副词形式。37.keeping 考查非谓语动词。37 (keep)away from my phone for 48 hours 为主语部分，应用动名词 keeping。38.fell 考查时态。本句前后句子的谓语动词都是过去时，根据时态的一致性可知，此处应用一般过去时。39.truly 考查派生词。修饰动

39、词 enjoyed 应用副词 truly。40.which 考查从句的引导词。空格内的词引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为前面的整个句子，故用 which。E Tom：Umm，Lucy，Im getting a lot of 41 (complain)Lucy：Really？For what?Tom：Well，apparently，Im not a good worker.42 (finish)the project，I felt really tired.Unluckily，I was caught 43 (sleep)The manager got angry with me.

40、Im afraid that I 44 (fire)Lucy：Take it easy.Youre just starting work.It wont be too long 45 you do it well.Tom：I hope so.Do you have 46 job experience?Lucy：Only a little.I helped out at my fathers office last year.47 (actual)，thats a difficult 48 interesting job.I helped them sort out the documents.

41、Meanwhile，I learned a lot about computers.I think job experience is meaningful.Tom：I cant agree 49 (much)Working can improve skills and bring experience.Thank you for your kindness.Ill work harder.Lucy：Youre welcome.Why not go to 50 cinema and forget all these unhappy things?Tom：Good idea.本文是一篇对话体语法

42、填空。Tom 因为在工作上遇到烦恼向 Lucy 倾诉，Lucy结合自身的工作经历鼓励 Tom，使他重拾信心，更加积极地面对工作。41complaints 考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，“a lot of”之后缺少宾语，故应用名词 complaints。42Having finished 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，finish 表示的动作发生在谓语动词 felt 表示的动作之前，且 I 与 finish 之间存在主谓关系，故用现在分词的完成式 Having finished。43sleeping 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“catch sb.doing sth.”结构的被

43、动语态，故本题答案为 sleeping。44will be fired 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示将来的动作，且 I 与 fire 之间存在动宾关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。45 before 考查连词 before 的用法。此处存在句式“Itbe时间before其他”，意为“过了之后才”。46 any 考查不定代词的用法。any 用在否定句或疑问句中，表示“一些”。而 some 用于肯定句中。47Actually 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作整个句子的状语。位于句首，首字母应大写。48but 考查连词。由 difficult 和 interesting

44、可知，空格处应表示转折关系，故用 but。49more 考查固定搭配。I cant agree more 意为“我非常赞同”。50the 考查冠词。此处存在固定搭配 go to the cinema“去看电影”。F(2016河北省衡水中学二模)Last weekend our school held a sports meeting.51 (realize)it was our last high school sports meeting，we decided to make it an unforgettable experience for all of us.We first atte

45、nded the opening parade，for 52 our class had made a lot of 53 (prepare)54 our excitement，our parade performance was a great success.After the parade，the game started.My classmates attended 55 (vary)events such as running，high jump and long jump.Due to the hard training they 56 (do)before，their perfo

46、rmances were very 57 (impress)On the stand，my classmates applauded and cheered the athletes，some 58 (raise)their cameras to capture the exciting moments.Finally，the result 59 (announce)It was 60 (amaze)that our class won the second place.Our efforts paid off!Cup in hand，we took a picture together.I

47、believe all of us will remember this unforgettable experience as time goes by.这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了我们参加运动会的一次难忘经历。51.Realizing 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词作状语，表示原因。52.which 考查从句引导词。句意：我们首先参加了开幕式，为此我们做了很多准备。此处为非限制性定语从句，介词后指物应用 which。53.preparations 考查派生词词。a lot of 之后应跟名词的复数形式preparations。54.To 考查介词。句意：使我们兴奋的是，我们的开幕式取得了很大

48、的成功。to ones excitement 意为“令某人兴奋的是”。55.various 考查派生词。空格内的词修饰名词 events，表示“各种各样的比赛”，应用 various。56.had done 考查时态。根据 before 可知发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时 had done。57.impressive 考查派生词。在系动词之后表示“印象深刻的”，应用形容词 impressive。58.raising 考查独立主格结构。句意：在看台，同学们都为选手鼓掌、加油，一些人拿出照相机拍照。some 与 raise 为主动关系，应用现在分词 raising。59.was announced 考查语态。句意：最后，结果被宣布了。此处应用一般过去时的被动语态was announced。60.amazing 考查派生词。在系动词之后作表语表示“令人惊讶的”，应用 amazing。