《解析高考英语长难句》学案.pdf

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1、解析高考英语阅读中的长难句学案 Learning contents：1.回忆三种基本句子类型 2.长难句的类型及分析方法 3.长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练 长难句初体验：The opinion that breakfast is the most basic meal of the day is so widespread that an increasing number of people are surprised to learn that there is a lack of scientific evidence showing how breakfast may directly

2、 cause changes in our health.Section One:How is a long sentence formed?He works hard.He works hard for a company.He works hard for a company which was founded in 2002.Living with his son,he works hard for a company which was founded in 2002 Living with his son,he works hard for a company which was f

3、ounded in 2002 and most of his workmates show great respect for him.Summary：1.trunk(主干部分):S.+V.+(O.)prepositional phrases（介短）A long sentence clauses（从句）2.modifiers non-predicate verbs（非谓语）3.parallel structures（并列结构）(A and/or B;A,B,and/or C)长难句之朝花夕拾篇 简单句 并列句 句子种类 复合句 试分析(1)We took pity on the people

4、in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many students raised money for them.(2)Having suffered a number of health problems,former Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona.(3)The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expands options.长难句

5、之分门别类篇 1.带有较多成分的简单句 Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,to help reduce unemployment pressures.句子主干：_.2.含有多个从句的复合句 Whereas（然而）a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to

6、leave a failing marriage，it wasnt unusual to hear a man say that he didnt know that his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.3.并列和主从复合句并存 I cant live in fear of the possibility that as the earths population grows and we use more and

7、 more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的)resources,our children may have to lead poorer lives.The old worker insisted that he wasnt old and that he be sent back to the working post again.在insist 后面引导了两个并列的_从句,第一个 _ 从句中使用的是_语气，第二个_从句中使用的是_语气 并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句 If you ask people to name one person w

8、ho had the greatest effect on the English language,you will get answers like“Shakespeare”,“Samuel Johnson”,and“Webster”,but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man didnt even speak EnglishWilliam,the Conqueror.4.含有插入语的句子 这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中插入一些或长或短的成分或句子，比如同位语（从句）、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等

9、等，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有时有逗号或破折号分开。The lack of right male(男性的)role models in many of their livesat home and particularly in the school environment(环境)means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.Science has become so important in the modern world,w

10、ith its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted,that it is included among modern social institutions.5.成分省略 The magazine is male-targeting because young guys generally wont pick up a magazine that appears to be directed at females,whereas girls usually will.6.倒装句 Before 1066,in the

11、land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.Summary:一划 (二括)“三会意”（以近五年高考真题长句为例）一划:划主干(trunk),给主谓宾.(S.V.O.)划_。1.Charles Darwin,over 150 years ago,imagined a world that is far busier,nosier and more intimate(亲密的)than the one we can see and hear.(2017 年全国二卷)2.Bed

12、that are too small,shower heads(淋浴喷头)that are too low,and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room（腿部空间）all make life difficult for those of above average height.二括:给修饰语(modifiers)介短,非谓和从句加()。1.Two of the authors of the review made a study published in 2014 which showed a five to 10 minutes a day

13、of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.(2018 全国一卷语法填空)2.For many older people who lived in the country,driving was very important for preserving their independence,giving them the freedom to get out without having to rely on others.(2017 全国二卷D 篇)三会意：抓主题，去修饰，逻辑关

14、系要注意。In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizations,including UNESCO and National Geographic,have for many years been recording dying languages and the culture which they reflect.(2014 年全国一卷阅读理解 D 篇)Many scholars are making efforts to _ A.promote global languages.B.res

15、cue the disappearing languages.C.search for languages communities.D.set up languages research organizations.高考长难句分析口诀 长难句，看仔细。一划二括三会意。主谓宾，先注意。（一划）(介短非谓和从句)。（二括）抓主题，去修饰。（三会意）逻辑关系要注意。Section Three:Practice(一划，二括，三会意)1.Back in 1983,as two scientists reported,young maple trees getting bitten by insects

16、send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.(2017年全国二卷)What does a plant do when it is under attack?A.It makes noise.B.It gets help from other plants.C.It stands quietly.D.It sends out certain chemicals.2.When you have bought a fish and arrive home,youd better store the fish in the r

17、efrigerator if you dont cook it immediately(2016 年全国三卷阅读七选五)A.When buying fish,you should first smell it.B.The fish will go bad within hours.C.Do not buy it.D.The easiest is to steam it.E.This is how you can do it.F.It requires a little knowledge.G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart

18、disease.3.In his first years of high school,he would look pityingly at music students,_1_ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases,turning up at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there.(2017 年江苏卷完形填空)1.A.traveling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling Try again!(一划，二括，三会意)

19、The opinion that breakfast is the most basic meal of the day is so widespread that an increasing number of people are surprised to learn that there is a lack of scientific evidence showing how breakfast may directly cause changes in our health.长难句之方法总结篇 1.带有较多成分的简单句-去枝叶，留主干。2.含有多个从句的复合句 -找从属连词,分析从句,理解句意。3.含有插入成分的句子 -忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题。4.倒装句-确定主语,调整语序,把握大意。5.成分省略 -把握大意,找出对应信息,补充省略成分 We all know that choice is more important than effort,but few of us know that effort is the most important choice.Section D:Homework