介词用法总结.pdf

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1、介词 一、In 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在里面;在,于;在部位上 I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。They live in France.他们住在法国。2.(表示时间)在时期,在之后,在过程中 In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty getting jobs.她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。I cannot see you now,come back in half an hour.我现在不能见你,半小时后回来。3.(表示方向)往内,朝方向 I

2、 saw him go in the shop.我看到他走进了商店。4.(表示状态)处于之中,在情况下 Martin was in his pyjamas.马丁穿着睡衣。They were living in terrible poverty.他们生活在极度贫困之中。5.(表示方式)用,以,按,乘,以形式 They were speaking in Italian.他们在讲意大利语。They went up in the lift.他们乘电梯上楼了。6.(表示原因)由于,为了 He went in fear of his life.他为自己的性命担忧,所以走了。7.(表示领域,范围)在以内 I

3、t is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。8.(表示结果)当做,作为 What did you give him in return?你给他什么作为报答呢?9.(表示目的)为了 They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找走失的孩子。10.表示职业、活动等从事于，参加 11.表示数量、程度、比例按，以；从中 12.表示品质、能力等在之中；在身上 I dont think he had it in him.我认为他没这个本事。二、On 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在上,在旁,在身边 That boo

4、k on the desk is an atlas.桌上的那本书是地图册。2.(表示时间)在之时 It occurred on the morning of the fifteenth.事情发生在 15 号的上午。On arriving home,I was met by my daughter.到家时我的女儿出来迎接我。3.(表示方向)向,往,朝;沿着,顺着 They marched on the enemys fortress.他们向敌人的要塞进军。We were driving on a California freeway.我们正沿着加利福尼亚的一条快车道驾车行驶。4.(表示状态)系于

5、,悬于;附于 A picture hangs on the wall.墙上挂着一幅画。He carried a coat on his arm.他手臂上搭着一件外衣。5.(表示方式)乘,坐,骑 She will leave on an early train.她将乘早班火车离开。We went to the factory on foot.我们步行到工厂去。6.(表示对象)对,对于,碰在,对造成困难 There is much to be said on both sides.公说公有理,婆说婆有理。The car broke down on us.汽车抛锚给我们造成了麻烦。7.(表示原因)由

6、于,因为 The old worker retired on account of age.老工人因年老而退休。8.(表示比较)与相比 Todays weather is an improvement on yesterdays.今天的天气比昨天的好。9.(表示方位)在方位 The town stands on the left bank of the river.该镇坐落在河的左岸。The post office is on the right.邮局在右边。三、Into 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)持续到,进行到 The meeting carried on into the after

7、noon.会议一直延续到下午。2.(表示方向)进入中,到里 Anney dived into the water.安尼潜入水中。He came into the room.他到房子里面。3.(表示状态)进入状态,欠债 They burst into laughter.他们突然大笑起来。He is into me for one hundred yuan.他欠我 100 元。4.(表示对象)撞上,渗进,非常喜欢 He bumped into me.他撞上了我。The oil will soak into the wood.油会渗进木头里。She is into music.她喜欢音乐。5.(表示

8、目标)对着,朝着 She looked into my eyes.她盯着我的眼睛看。6.(表示结果)分成,变成 He sawed the stick into pieces.他把棍子锯成几截。Dusk deepened into night.黄昏变成了夜色。She must be into her thirties by now.她一定 30 来岁了。7.(表示所属)输入 The information goes into a computer.这信息输入到电脑中。8.(表示过程)从事于 He talked of going into medicine.他谈到要学医。9.(表示运算)除 Div

9、iding 3 into 6 gives 2.六除以三等于二。四、To 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)到,直到,在到来之前,离 The Parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February.议会休会到二月十日。2.(表示方向)朝,往,通向 He turned to his companion before he replied.他转身朝向他的伙伴然后回答。3.(表示状态)紧贴着,紧靠着,对着 The two lovers danced cheek to cheek.那对情侣脸贴着脸跳舞。4.(表示对象)对,对于,对来说 What will Dor

10、is say to it?对此事多丽丝将怎么说呢?5.(表示比较)比,相对于 The men are noodles to her.与她相比,这些男人都是笨蛋。6.(表示方位)在方向方位,处于顺序 Scotland is to the north of England.苏格兰在英格兰之北。7.(表示距离)离,距离 It is ten kilometres to the station.到车站十公里。8.(表示目标)到达,直到 We came to a picturesque cottage.我们来到一座风景如画的村落。9.(表示结果)转换为,转变为,趋于 Wait until the ligh

11、ts change to green.等交通灯变成绿色再走。10.表示归属属于；的 the key to the classroom 教室的钥匙 11.表示附加附加于；加于 add this to the others 把这个加在另外几个上面 12.表示伴随跟着；伴随；随同 She danced to the music.她合着音乐跳舞。13.关于；就而言；对于；依看 What will he say to this?对此他会说什么?14.适合；合乎；对的反应是 五、Of 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)在的,在之前;在期间 He was born at the turn of the cen

12、tury.他出生于世纪之交。What do you do of a Saturday?星期六你干什么?2.(表示方式)根据 She did it of her own will.她是自愿这么做的。3.(表示对象)对于,就而言 He felt quite certain of success.他对成功很有把握。4.(表示原因)由于,因为,（用于某些形容词后，后接与感情相关的人或事）I was sick of their fun and games.他们的嬉闹让我厌烦。5.(表示方位)在;位于 New York is east of Washington.纽约在华盛顿以东。6.(表示范围)在之中

13、Tom is the eldest of the family.汤姆是家里年龄最大的。7.(表示结果)在方面 The place is easy of access.这地方容易进入。8.(表示目的)用于的 This is a house of prayer.这是一座教堂。9.(表示否定)缺乏,没有 They were destitute of necessaries of life.他们缺少生活必需品。10.属于（某人）；关于（某人）11.属于（某物）；（某事）部份的；关于（某物）12.出身于（某背景）；住在（某地）13.关于，反映（某人或某事）14.（用于表示性质、组成或涵盖）即，由组成 1

14、5.（用于表示计量、时间或年龄等）16.（常用在 some、a few 等词语之后，表示人或物的所属）属于的 17.（表示人或事的时空位置）在，当 18.（用于由动词转化的名词之后，of 之后的名词可以是受动者，也可以是施动者）19.（用于某些动词后，后接动作所涉及的人或事）20.（用于对某人的行为发表看法）21.（用于一个名词修饰另一个名词时）六、At 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在,于;到达,达到;经,由;在旁,靠近;在里;在上;在方位 He was not at his office.他不在办公室。He was standing at the door.他正站在门边。2.(表示时间)

15、在,在时刻时辰,期间,阶段,时节;在岁时 The meeting will open at 15 00.会议在下午三点钟开始。3.(表示状态)处于状态,在情况下;处于最佳（或最差等）状态；在全盛（或谷底等）时期 The soldiers are standing at attention.士兵们立正站着。4.(表示方式)以的方式;通过一次的动作 I was there at a bound.我纵身一跃就到了那里。5.(表示原因)因为,由于;(与形容词连用）因为，由于，对 We were frightened at the terrible sight.看到这可怕的景象,我们被吓呆了。6.(表示

16、距离)从,在距离处;在远；从相隔远的地方 I saw it at a distance.我从远处看见了它。7.(表示目标)朝,向,对着 He threw the key at me.他把钥匙丢给我。8.(表示环境)出席,参加 I remember him at a banquet on that night.我记得那天晚上他参加了一个宴会。9.(表示方向)在方面;（与形容词连用，表示状况）在方面 She is good at describing things or expressing ideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。10.（用于动词后，涉及未做成或未做完的事）11.用于速度、比率等）

17、以，达 12.应（而）；响应；回答 七、From 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)从,自 Weve been working from morning to night.我们从早到晚一直工作。2.(表示状态)从某(位置、状态等)开(ki)始(sh)He rose from office boy to managing director in ten years.他在十年间由办公室勤杂员升至总经理。3.(表示范围)从较低限度算起 The jackets are from 35 dollars.这些夹克衫起价是 35 美元。4.(表示来源)来自;源于;从里取出 I come from the no

18、rth.我是北方人。He took a shaving mirror from his bag.他从手提包里拿出一面剃须镜。5.(表示分离)与分离隔开;减去;扣除 The wind blew his hat from his head.风将他的帽子从头上吹走了。Six from fifteen leaves nine.15 减 6 等于 9。6.(表示否定)免于;免遭 Wild fruit kept us from dying of starvation.我们靠着野果才没被饿死。7.(表示方位)从;以为开始方向 Latitudes are the lines that go from east

19、 to west.纬线是从东到西的线。8.(表示原因)因为,出于 She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。9.(表示比较)与相比;与区分 She is different from her sister in character.她和她姐姐性格不同。He can tell a fake from the original.他能分辨出赝品和真品。八、With 介词 prep.1.(表示关系)和在一起 Would you like to go to the street with me?你愿和我一起上街吗?2.(表示状态

20、)具有,带有 Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.许多具有中国艺术特色的展品陈列出来。3.(表示方式)用,以,藉 The room is cooled with air conditioner.这房间用空调降温。4.(表示对象)对,关于 She was always good with the unfortunate.她对不幸的人总是很友好。5.(表示伴随)与此同时,随着 I always rise with the bell.我总是听到铃声就起床。6.(表示让步)虽然,尽管 With all

21、 his abilities,he failed completely.尽管很能干,他还是一败涂地了。7.(表示原因)由于,因为 She flushed with delight.她高兴得脸上通红。8.(表示态度)支持,赞同 Is he with us or against us?他赞成我们还是反对我们?9.(表示态度)跟(对抗)We are struggling with backwardness.我们在和落后现象做斗争。10.与对立；反对 11.包括；还有 12.与方向一致；顺着 13.由持有；由负责 14.为工作；受雇于；利用的服务 15.虽然；尽管 16.在旁边；在附近；在身边 17.

22、在之中；进入之中 18.关于；就而言 19.比较而言；与相比较 20.同样；完全一样 21.同意的；和谐的 22.支持；站在一边 二、九、By 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在近旁;在身边;靠近 On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。2.(表示时间)不迟于;在时候 Be here by four oclock.四点钟之前到这儿。She should be back by now.她现在应该回来了。3.(表示方向)从中经过 They came in by the back door.他们是由后门进

23、来的。4.(表示方式)搭乘,通过;抓住;靠,采取;就而论;以称呼方式;以的名义;凭着 Are you to go there by bike or by bus?你骑车还是坐车去?You can order tickets by telephone.你可以用电话订票。He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的手臂。Man does not live by bread alone.人不能单靠面包生存。They decided to raise the money by subscription.他们决定采取募捐的办法来筹集这笔款项。By temperament he was a

24、n artist.从气质上看,他是一位画家。They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。By God hes done it!老天为证,他确实做了此事。I did it all by myself!我完全是靠自己做此事的。5.(表示原因)随而来,由于（置于不带 the 的名词前，表示原因）The meeting will be held in the school hall,by permission of the headmaster.由于有校长的准许,会议将在学校大厅举行。6.(表示方位)偏于 T

25、he steamer will go west by north.这艘轮船将向西偏北方向航行。7.(表示环境)借着光亮 They were playing cards by electric light.他们正借着灯光打牌。8.(表示关涉)经过 I go by the house every day.我每天都要从这栋房子经过。9.(表示程度,数量)以之差 We lost the match by one goal.我们以一分之差输了比赛。10.（常置于表被动的动词后，表示使为者）11.在期间；处于某种状况 12.从看；依；按照 13.（与 the 连用，表示时间或量度单位）14.（表示速率）1

26、5.（补充有关出生地、职业等的信息）16.（起誓时用）以的名义 17.（表示触及或抓住的人或物的部份）18.（用于乘除运算）19.（表示尺寸时用）十、for 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)在(某一特定时间);在时节;持续达 2.(表示方向)向,朝,开往 They made a rush for the exit.他们猛然冲向出口处。3.(表示对象)替,帮,给,为做准备,对,对于,对来说,在一方 What can I do for you?我能帮你什么忙吗?Let me lift that heavy box for you.让我替你提那只重箱子。You had to be ready for

27、 any emergency.你得随时预防不测。This inspired in them a love for learning.这使他们产生了学习的热情。Fortunately for him,he can swim.对他来说幸运的是,他会游泳。He speaks too softly for her to hear.他讲话声音太轻,她听不见。4.(表示原因)因为,由于,作为的结果 Im pretty angry with you for not telling me.由于你没有告诉我,我对你很生气。5.(表示距离)延续达,计有 I followed him for some distan

28、ce.我跟着他走了一段路程。6.(表示结果)当做,作为,作为的部分,就的条件而言 We cant accept that as a basis for a decision.我们不能同意以此为基础来做出决定。7.(表示目的)为了,适用于 The ship sent out a message for help.船只发出求救信号。Shes the very person for the work.她最适合干这项工作。8.(表示态度)支持,赞同,想要 Are you for the plan or against it?你支持这计划还是反对它呢?9.(表示比率)按比例,以价格,第次 I bough

29、t this book for 3.我买这本书花了三英镑。I met them for the second time last week.我上周第二次遇见他们。10.（表示对象、用途等）给，对，供 11.关于 12.代表 13.受雇于 14.支持；拥护 15.为得到；为获取 16.换取 17.就而言 18.对（某人）来说（困难、必需、愉快等）十一、AS 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)当还是的时候 As a schoolboy,he showed every sign of genius.当他还是个小学生的时候,就显示出了天资聪慧。2.(表示方式)以的身份,以资格,作为;以形式,以作为;以角

30、色,扮演角色;如同,像 3.(表示结果)成为,看作,看成 We had better treat it as a joke.我们最好把它当作玩笑。4.(表示目的)为了,以为目的 The dykes were built as a protection against the sea.建筑堤坝是为了防止海水泛滥。5.(表示举例)例如,诸如之类的 We talked about such subjects as the weather.我们谈论了诸如天气之类的话题。十二、than 介词 prep.1.与相比 1.表示地点位置的介词 at,in,on,to，for,above,over,on,below,under,in front frantof,in the front of,beside，behind 2.表示时间的介词 in,on，at,in,after,from,since,after,behind 3.表运动方向的介词：across,through 4.表示“在之间”的介词：between,among 5.表示其他意义的介词 on,about,by,with,in