技巧05如何设计句子高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练.pdf

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1、高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练 技巧 05 如何设计句子 读后续写中的句子扩展 在读后续写中，有的同学写的短句过多，内容不具体，缺乏生动性，导致词数不够。我们可以在简短句的基础上恰 当添加定语、状语等修饰成分或增加并列结构等，扩展句子，丰富内容,使表达更具体、更形象。（一）利用同位语扩充句子 同位语主要使用名词短语和同位语从句。例如：(2016 年 10 月浙江卷)She saw her husband.她看到了她的丈夫。There,she saw her husband,a man staring at her,wearing an expression of relief.在那里，她看

2、到了她的丈夫，一 个正盯着 她看的男人，带着宽慰的表情。【分析】在句首添加了 地点状语 There，在 husband 后面增加了同位语 a man staring at her，其后还有一个分词短语 wearing an expression of relief 做状语，补充说明丈夫看着她时 流露出来的表情。这种形象具体的描写，增加了画面感，也提升了整个句子的层次。（二）利用状语扩充句子 添加的状语，可以是副词、非谓语动词、介词短语和状语从句等。例如：(2016 年 10 月浙江卷)Jane walked on.简继续走。Jane walked on for quite a long tim

3、e.简继续走了很长时间。With no path to follow,Jane walked on for quite a long time.因为无路可循，简继续走了很长时间。【分析】添加 for quite a long time 和 with no path to follow 两个做状语的介词短语后，句子表达更为生动具体了。（三）利用定语扩充句子 定语扩句的主要方式是使用形容词、非谓语动词、介词短语和定语从句等。例如：His mother works in a big company.他母亲在一家大公司工作。His loving mother,who used to be an exc

4、ellent English teacher in a middle school,now works in a big company.他的慈母，曾经是一名优秀的中学英语老师，现在在一家大公司工作。【分析】我们在主语 mother 前添加了形容词 loving，更形象地说明了 his mother 的特征；在 mother后面添加了 who used to be an excellent English teacher in a middle school，内容 更丰富，让读者更加了解母亲。（四）递进式扩充句子 对先后发生的两个或多个连贯动作，可以采用递进式。主要方式有(1)用 and 连接

5、；(2)用 after that,additionally,furthermore,whats more,to make things worse 等。例如：Mac then jumped off the bicycle.然后麦克从自行车上跳了下来。Mac then jumped off the bicycle and he was ready to fight against the wolf.麦克从自行车上跳下来，准备跟狼搏斗。【分析】“跳下自行车”与“准备搏斗”两个连贯动作，让 Mac 准备跟狼搏斗的形象跃然纸上。（五）转折式扩充句子 表示转折的有 but,however 等。例如：Ja

6、ne kept moving.简继续往前走。Jane kept moving,but the farther she walked,the more confused she became.简继续往前走，但她走得越远，就越感到困惑。【分析】添加后面的转折分句后，暗示着“她可能迷路了”。（六）因果式扩充句子 除了引导原因状语从句和结果状语从句的连词后，还 有 due to,owing to,on account of,because of,as a result of 等 表 示 原因，therefore,as a result 等表示结果。例如：He has broken his leg.他摔

7、坏了腿。He has broken his leg and therefore he cant walk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。读后续写中的句子压缩 虽然读后续写的语料不同，但在续写的写作中，根据需要进行语段压缩的方法是可以通用的。常用的压缩语段的方法有如下几种：1.摘取法。找出语段材料的主旨句，直接摘取关键成分作为答案。或者将分散在各句中的重要信息找出来，摘取关键词语，再将其进行连缀。2.概括法。没有中心句，也没有明显关键词的阅读材料，如果要压缩出主要内容，则可以采用概括法，分别用一两个恰当的词语去概括文句的意思，再组合答案。3.整合法。如果语段材料没有中心句，其体现材料主旨的关键词语

8、可能分散在几个句子中，这就需要考生将分散在各处的关键词语找出来，将包含重要信息的句子加以综合概括，然后将找出的关键词与概括出来的内容加以整合，形成符合题干要求的短句。4.替换法。阅读材料中有能够体现语段主旨的中心句，且中心句中有关键的词语，这时候就可以运用此法将指示代词替换成语意明确的词语。5.补充法。阅读材料中有能够体现语段主旨的中心句，但将其压缩成主干后，还需要在中心词前面补充出修饰、限制性的定语，才能让句意完整明确，这时候就可以运用补充法为主干中心词补出修饰、限定性的词语。1阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was 15,I foll

9、owed Roy to the deep mountain in search of astragalus root(黄芪),which is a rare and valuable plant.We searched the plant for a whole day,but without luck.We found nothing.As it got dark,I asked Roy to go back,but he refused and said,“I would rather sleep on the mountain tonight and continue to search

10、 tomorrow!”I desired to go home but I lacked the courage to go back alone,so I chose to stay and help Roy put up a simple tent under a tree.It was freezing cold on the mountain and there were scores of mosquitoes,which made it impossible for us to have a good sleep.Whats worse,we heard a wolf howlin

11、g nearby!I was so scared.“I heard that wolves bully(欺负)the weak and fear the strong,”Roy told me.“Lets strike the shovel(铲子)and shout to scare it away!”He found a stone and started to strike the shovel.And then he shouted as he struck the shovel.Inspired,I followed him to shout loudly.Half an hour l

12、ater,I felt cold all over the body.And the cold air on the mountain made that worse.My stomach began to ache.I lay in the tent,shivering,sweating and then falling unconscious.Roy was shocked with panic.He called my name screamingly,but I just made no response.He tried to put me on his back to carry

13、me home but without success.At last,he went out and found some tree branches and blocked up the entrance to our tent with them.Then,he ran to the direction of our village as fast as he could.Not knowing how much time went by,I heard some sounds approaching near.I thought it was Roy but I didnt hear

14、him saying anything.In a shock,I sat up with a rush.At that moment,my eyes had adjusted to the darkness.Through a hole of our tent,I saw two animals like dogs removing the tree branches with their mouths and claws.They were wolves!注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.Paragraph 1:Their sudden appea

15、rance shocked me and a cold sweat broke out all over my body._ Paragraph 2:Strangely,I saw the two wolves turn around and run away in a flash._ 2阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。Having worked at a small food store for two years,I thought I had become successful at what our manager called“custome

16、r relations”.I firmly believed that a friendly smile and an automatic“sir”,“madam”,“thank you”and“sorry”would see me through any situation.But on a Christmas night an old woman shook my belief that such a glib response(巧言应对)could smooth over any difficulty while dealing with other human beings.The m

17、oment she entered the store,the woman presented a sharp contrast to our shiny store with its bright lighting and neatly arranged shelves.Walking as if each step were painful,she slowly pushed open the glass door.On such a zero-degree night,she was wearing only a faded print dress,a thin sweater too

18、small to button,and black slippers with the backs cut out to expose heels.There were no stockings or socks on her blue-veined legs.After walking around the store for several minutes,the old woman stopped in front of the rows of canned vegetables.She looked at the row of cans,finally picked up a can

19、of corn and stared at the label.At that point,I decided to be a good and polite employee and asked her if she needed help.As I stood close to her,my smile became harder to maintain.An unpleasant smell of sweat rose from her torn clothing.“I need some food,”she muttered in reply to my bright“Madam,ca

20、n I help you?”“Are you looking for corn,madam?”“I need some food,”she repeated,looking down at the can in her hand,“Any kind.”“Well,the can of corn is ninety-five cents,madam.”I said in my most helpful voice.“Or if you like,we have a special on bread today.”After a short pause,she lifted her head an

21、d said,“But I cant pay.”For a second,it was on the tip of my tongue to tell her that she could take the corn.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好 Paragraph1：Then the employee rules flooded into my mind:remain polite but do not let the customers get the best of you._ Paragraph 2：Moments afte

22、r she left,I rushed out of the door with the can of corn._ 3阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A couple of years ago,just as I do every winter,I bagged up all the items in my closet that I no longer wore,along with the clothing my sons had outgrown(长得穿不下).I issued a call to action to all of my fam

23、ily and friends,asking them to do the same.It is always my hope to repurpose(重新利用)those things that do nothing more than take up space in our homes,things other people might make better use of.Nothing bothers me more than selfishly squirreling things away,things that we know we will never use or wea

24、r,while people in our community go without.I found an ugly pair of hand-knitted(手工编织)socks in one of the bags donated by a friend.Not to be mean,but they were a bad mixture of colored yarn(纱线):orange,purple,yellow and blue.I had to decidegarbage or donation?It wasnt like they were unusable.They were

25、 simply unpleasant to look at,surely not something anyone would choose to wear.I imagine they were a homemade gift gone bad.I put the ugly socks in the garbage,but ten minutes later,I took them back and put them in the donation pile.Later that afternoon,my mother and I drove down to Madison Avenue i

26、n downtown Phoenix.Every winter she and I load up my Jeep with our own cast-offs(自己不穿而赠人的旧衣服)and the donations from friends,and we take them downtown,along with food and water,to distribute to the men and women living on the street.Sometimes I even get my boys involved.On this particular afternoon,a

27、s Mom and I distributed warm clothing and hot food to a small crowd of people outside a local homeless shelter,I reached into the bag and pulled out the last of the donationsthe ugly socks.Surreptitiously(偷偷地),I held them in my hand as the crowd of homeless quietly left,each with a grateful smile,a

28、fistful of food and an armload of clothing.注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Just as I was about to drop the socks back into the empty bag,a teenage boy came up to me._ “These socks are perfect for me!”he smiled._ 4 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。One long-ago morning,the ho

29、t summer sun climbed to the top of the sky.By noon,flowers drooped(低垂).Birds stopped singing.Lan,who walked to visit her grandmother on Sundays,grew hotter and hotter.As she passed an enormous house,she spotted a beautiful tree.Its branches spread wide,and their leaves created a shady space next to

30、the road.Lan sat down in that shade to rest.How nice and cool,she thought.I still have a long walk ahead of me,but I can sit here for a while.Lan was wrong.Less than a minute later,the door of the enormous house opened with a bang.A boy rushed out and shouted,“You cant sit there!Thats my tree!Chens

31、tree!”He wore silk trousers and carried a golden toy pony.“Maybe its your tree,but you dont own the shade beneath it,”replied Lan.“Yes,I do,”declared Chen“I own everything about that tree,even the birds!Youll have to pay to sit there.”“Pay you?”cried Lan.“Shade belongs to everyone.”“Not my shade,”sa

32、id Chen“If I buy your shade,may I stop here on Sundays this summer?”asked Lan.“I suppose,”said Chen Lan reached into her twice-mended pocket and handed over her only coin.“Thats all the money I have.”she said.“Fine!”said Chen.“But remember,you bought the shade.Nothing else!”Every summer Sunday,Lan s

33、topped to sit in Chens shade on the way to her grandmothers.She often called to the birds in the tree.The birds would fly down and gather around her.Alone in his toy-filled bedroom,Chen watched Lan talk and laugh with the birds.Shes telling stories,he thought.It looks fun.Should I charge her more mo

34、ney when she stays longer?Then he remembered shed had only one coin in her pocket.However,when autumn arrived,Lan no longer walked to her grandmothers.Chen missed seeing her talking to the birds._ On the Sunday Lan appeared as expected._ 5阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was in fifth grade

35、,you could have told me,“Colin,its not cool to wear the same pair of sweat pants every day,”But I was comfortable.You could have told me,“Colin,its not cool to go to the school dance and do the Macarena(赛前舞).”l would not have stopped.You could have even told me,“Colin,its not cool to be an active me

36、mber of your local churchs clown road show.”Then I went to sixth grade,and all of a sudden,there were only two options.I could somehow be cool,or I could somehow be invisible.I was doing pretty well at option two until the third period on the first day,when our teacher Mrs.Smith had us fill out a qu

37、estionnaire with“get to know you”questions.I assumed that she would be reading them privately.So l felt safe to share from the perspective of the sweatpants-wearing,Macarena-dancing,Christian-clowning little snow flake that I was.The teacher collected the sheets,mixed them up,and redistributed them

38、to the class.Wed read the students name and our three favorite answers.My sheet ended up in the hands of a kid who was one of the coolest and meanest.His“favorite answers”of mine were the three worst ones to be read out loud.The first question was“Whats your favorite movie?”The other kids wrote Scre

39、am and Universal Soldier.He read my answer,Beauty and the Beast.A laugh erupted from the room,and my cheeks burned.The next question he read was“Where would you like to travel?”The others had said“Australia”,“Japan”.I wrote“wherever a book takes me.”The laughter this time had an explosive equality t

40、o it.The final question was“What do you like to do on the weekends?”The other kids wrote“hangout with friends”and“go to the mall.”I wrote“perform with Clowns for Christ.”Those who werent laughing at me were sort of staring at me in disgust.l felt about an inch tall.l fixed my eyes on the floor and t

41、ried to figure out if I could somehow disappear.注意:1.续写词数应为 150 左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。But then,something amazing happened._ I looked at my teacher with gratitude._ 参考答案 1.【参考范文】Paragraph 1:Their sudden appearance shocked me and a cold sweat broke out all over my body.But I managed to gather myself

42、together.I struck the shovel left beside me with a stone and screamed as loudly as I could.The two wolves were frightened at first and stepped back.But after a short time of hesitation,they continued to remove the branches.And no matter how hard I struck the shovel,they just ignored.I was in despair

43、.But I still held the stone and shovel firmly,thinking I wouldnt give it up without a fight.Paragraph 2:Strangely,I saw the two wolves turn around and run away in a flash.“Are they afraid of my shovel?”I wondered.But I realized I was wrong when I saw many flashlights approaching my tent quickly.It t

44、urned out that Roy had run away to seek help.With a dozen of villagers,Roy was coming to my rescue!They were calling my name and I responded as they removed the branches.As Roy got into the tent and hugged me,I couldnt help crying,both in fright and relief.【写作指导】本篇读后续写以人物为线索，主要讲述了 15 岁那年，我跟随罗伊来到深山寻找

45、一种稀有且名贵的药材黄芪根，但直到天黑也一无所获，于是我们就在山上搭了帐篷，半夜，我胃疼并浑身发冷，于是罗伊便去了村子求救，我一个人在帐篷遭遇了狼群袭击，千钧一发之际，罗伊带着村民赶了回来，救下了我。1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“它们的突然出现吓了我一跳，浑身出了一身冷汗。”可知，第一段可描写我是如何准备奋力抵抗狼群的攻击的，以及我害怕和绝望的心情。由第二段首句内容“奇怪的是，我看见那两只狼转头就跑了。”可知，第二段可就罗伊和村民们如何及时赶回帐篷并救下了我的。2.续写线索：狼群的出现让我害怕我敲打石头恐吓狼群无果紧紧抓住铲子，十分绝望狼群退去罗伊和村民们及时赶到我如释重负。3.词汇激活 行

46、为类.拿起：hold/take up/pick up.击打：strike/hit.靠近：approach/get close to 情绪类.绝望：in despair/desperate/hopeless.害怕：in fright/frightened/scared【典型句式】高分句型 1.And no matter how hard I struck the shovel,they just ignored.（运用了 no matter how 引导的让步状语从句）高分句型 2.But I realized I was wrong when I saw many flashlights ap

47、proaching my tent quickly.（运用了宾语从句以及 when 引导的时间状语从句）2.【参考范文】Possible version 1:Then the employee rules flooded into my mind:remain polite but do not let the customers get the best of you.At the thought of that,I managed a friendly smile and automatically blurted out,“Im sorry,madam,but I cant give a

48、way anything for free.”Hearing this,the old woman nodded her head,her face darkened and eyelids dropped.Unwillingly,she put the can back on the shelf,shuffled past me toward the door and vanished into the distance.It was at that moment that a ripple of regret welled up inside me.How I wished I hadnt

49、 said those words!(81 words)Moments after she left,I rushed out of the door with the can of corn.Fortunately,the gaunt figure of the old woman was still in sight,so I went running up to her.“Madam,Merry Christmas!”said I,thrusting the can of corn into her hand.For a second,I could feel that her hand

50、 quivered.Without waiting for her reply,I just waved her goodbye before trotting straight away.For the rest of my shift,the image of the woman constantly reminded me that while dealing with other human beings,it was sincere concern rather than a glib response that could smooth over any difficulty.(9