初中介词用法总结.pdf

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1、 1 介词英文缩写是 prep.是英文 preposition 的缩写 1.表示地点位置的介词 1)at,in,on,to，for at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在附近，旁边”in(1)表示 在大地方;(2)表示“在范围之内”。on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在上面”。to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到”2)above,over,on 在上 above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below 相对；over 指垂直的上方,与 under 相对,但 over 与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。The bird is flying above my head.

2、There is a bridge over the river.He put his watch on the desk.3)below,under 在下面 under 表示在正下方 below 表示在下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table.Please write your name below the line.4)in front frantof,in the front of 在前面 in front of意思是“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是 behind（在的后面）。There are some flowers in

3、 front of the house.(房子前面有些花卉。)in the front of 意思是“在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是 at the back of（在范围内的后部）。There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里)5）beside，behind beside 表示在旁边 behind 表示在后面 2.表示时间的介词 1)in,on，at 在时 in 表

4、示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。2 如 in the 20th century,in the 1950s,in 1989,in summer,in January,in the morning,in ones life,in ones thirties 等。on 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。如 on May 1st,on Monday,on New Years Day,on a cold night in January,on a fine morning,on Sunday afternoon 等。at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，

5、复活节等。如 at 3:20,at this time of year,at the beginning of,at the end of,at the age of,at Christmas，at night,at noon,at this moment 等。注意：在 last,next,this,that,some,every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day.2)in,after 在之后 “in+段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后；“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；“after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。3)from,since 自从 fr

6、om 仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；since 表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。since 表示自（某具体时间）以来，常用作完成时态谓语 的时间状语。since liberation（1980）自从解放（1980 年）以来 They have been close friends since childhood 他们从小就是好朋友。（1）since the war 是指自从战争结束以来，若指自从战争开始以来，须说since the beginning of the war。（2）不要将 since 与 after 混淆。比较：He has worked he

7、re since 1965（指一段时间，强调时间段）自从 1965 年以来，他一直在这儿工作。He began to work here after 1965 （指一点时间，强调时间点）从 1965 年以后，他开始在这儿工作。4)after,behind 在之后 after 主要用于表示时间；behind 主要用于表示位置。时间名词前介词用法口诀 年前周前要用 in 具体日子要用 on 遇到几号也用 on 上午下午得是 in 要说某日上下午 3 用 on 换 in 记清楚 午夜黄昏用 at 黎明用它也不错 at 用在时分前 说“差”可要用上 to 说过要用 past 3.表示运动方向的介词：a

8、cross,through 通过，穿过 across 表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与 on 有关，为二维 through 穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与 in 有关，为三维。4.表示“在之间”的介词：表示“在之间”的介词在英语中属于方位介词，如 in front of，behind，on，in，near，under，up between,among between 指在两个人或两个事物之间；among 指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。5.表示其他意义的介词 1)on,about 关于 on 表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读；about 表示内容较为普通

9、，不那么正式。2)by,with,in 表示方法、手段、工具 by 以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；with 表示用 工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；in 表示用方式，用语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；3)except,besides 除了 except 除之外，不包括在内；besides 除之外，包括在内。Except for Mr.Wang,we went to see the film.(王先生没去)Besides Mr.Wang,we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)三.巩固练习 1.Taiwan is _ the southeast of Chin

10、a.（in,on,to）2.Go _on_ the bridge _to_ the river,youll find the shop.（across,through;over,above）3.I go to school _at_7:30 every morning.（in,on,at）4 4.He would like to meet her _at_8:00 and 9:00 tomorrow morning.（between,among）5.The Greens have lived in China _for_ three years.（in,for,after）6.We go to

11、 school every day _on_ Saturday and Sunday.（except,besides）7.He wrote the letter _ ink.（by,with,in ）8.She returned to her country _for_five years.（in,after,for）9.There is a big tree _ our classroom.（after,behind）10.I usually go to work _ bike.（by,on,with）1.Theres something _ her that I really dont l

12、ike.A.with B.forC.to D.about 2.I was angry _ him for keeping me waiting.A.with B.toC.about D.on 3._ going to French evening classes twice a week she does yoga on Wednesdays .A.Because of B.ExceptC.Besides D.But for 4._ cooking,writing and running the farm,she was very busy.A.Among B.BetweenC.Over D.

13、As 5._ one old lady,the bus was empty.A.Except B.Except forC.But D.Besides 6.They promise that the work would all be finished _ next week.A.until B.inC.by D.to 7.We didnt live together.We kept in touch _ writing often.A.with B.ofC.on D.by 8.It was very kind of her.She insisted _ her car to us.A.to l

14、end B.lendingC.on lending D.in lending 9.Weve talked a lot _ cars.What about trains?A.of B.withC.about D.in 10.“How long have you been here?”“_ the end of last month.”A.In B.ByC.At D.Since 11.The chemistry teacher required the students _ more attention _ the lab clean .5 A.to pay,to keep B.to paying

15、,to keepingC.to pay,to keeping D.paying,keeping 12.“Is your car equal _ hers in speed?”“No,mine is faster.But my old one equals _ hers in speed.A.to,to B.,C.to,D.,to 13.This exam is very important for her.She wont go home _ the exam.A.until after B.after untilC.until D.from 14.This suit fits me well

16、 _ the trousers are too long.A.only B.except forC.except that D.except 15.After a quick dinner,they set off _ car and made _ the nearest town.A.by,to B.in,toC.by,for D.in,for 看似相同，但意义有别的词组 英语中有一些介词词组和动词词组，它们从形式上看似乎基本相同，但在意义上却截然不同。要是我们在记忆上对这类词组不加以重视，使用时就很容易望文生义，甚至张冠李戴。为此，把这类词组归纳如下：(1)at table 在进餐at t

17、he table 在桌子旁（=beside the desk）(2)at desk 在读书或做作业at the desk 在书桌旁 (3)at school 在校上学（指学生）at the school 在学校（指教职工）(4)in front of the bus 在公共汽车的前面（不在车上）in the front of the bus 在公共汽车的前部（在车上）(5)at sea 在航海中at the sea 在海边 (6)by day 白天by the day 按日，论日 (7)behind time 误期behind the time 落后于时代 (8)in class 在上课，在课

18、内in the class 在这个班 (9)in bed 卧床，在睡觉in the bed 在床上 (10)in prison 坐牢in the prison 在监狱 (11)in red 穿着红色的衣服in the red 负债，亏损 (12)in hospital 住院（指病人）in the hospital（因事）在医院 (13)in office 在办公，执政in the office 在办公室 (14)in secret 秘密，私下in the secret 参入秘密，参入阴谋 (15)in place of 代替，而不是in the place of 在地方 (16)in case

19、 of 万一，如果in the case of 就来说，至于 (17)of age 成年人of an age 同龄人 (18)out of office 离职out of the office 离开办公室 (19)out of prison（因犯罪）出狱out of the prison（因事）从监狱出来 (20)out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 不可能，办不到 6 2）.含有介词的动词词组 (1)come out of hospital（病好）出院come out of the hospital（因事）从医院里出来 (2)come out of

20、prison（刑满）释放come out of the prison（因事）从监狱里出来 (3)go to school 去上学go to the school（因事）去学校 (4)go to college 上大学go to the/a college 去一所学校（办事）(5)go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed 去床边 (6)go to hospital 去住院go to the hospital（因事）去医院 (7)go to prison 去坐牢go to the prison（因事）去监狱 (8)go to sea 当海员go to the sea 去海边 (9)g

21、o to court 起诉go to the court（因事）去法庭 (10)go to church 做礼拜go to the church（因事）去教堂 (11)keep house 管理家务keep the house 守在家里 (12)take place 发生take the place 代替 3）.有无冠词，意义无多大区别的介词词组 (1)at(the)most 至多 (2)at(the)first 起初 (3)all(the)day 整天 (4)catch(a)cold 感冒 (5)in(the)future 将来 (6)in(the)memory of 纪念 (7)go to

22、(the)office 上班，去办公室 (8)go to(the)market 赶集，去市场 (9)on(a)holiday 在度假 (10)(the)day before yesterday 前天 (11)(the)most of 大多数 (12)with(a)smiling face 面带微笑 英语中考专题复习 介词部分()1.China lies _ the east of Asia and _ the north of Australia.A.to;to B.in;to C.to;in D.in;on()2._ the afternoon of March 8,the women in

23、 the city had a big party.A.To B.In C.At D.On()3.We all agree _ you.Lets start at once.A.to B.for C.with D.on()4.Wheres Lily?We are all here _ her.A.besides B.about C.except D.with ()5.Does your father go to work,_ foot or _ bike?A.on;with B.with;on C.by;on D.on;by()6.Lucy was _ duty yesterday,but s

24、he forgot to clean the classroom.A.in B.on C.at D.of()7.Timmy goes to school _ every day.Its 5 minutes walk from his home to school.A.in a bus B.by plane C.on foot D.by boat 7()8.Mum,today is Mothers Day.Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _ us at Shanghai Restaurant,which is famous _ its s

25、eafood.A.with;of B.with;for C.for;to D.to;for()9.He has got a chair to sit _,but nobody to talk _.A.on;to B./;with C.on;/D./;to()10.Jack has studied Chinese in this school _ the year of 2000.A.since B.in C.on D.by()11.How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?-Im going there _ my car.

26、A.by B.in C.to D.on()12.Andy often helps her mother _ the housework on Sunday afternoon.A.to B.with C.for D.of()13.Youd better not go out now.its raining.-It doesnt matter.My new coat can keep _ rain.A.in B.of C.with D.off()14.English is widely used _ travelers and business people all over the world

27、.A.to B.for C.as D.by()15.My sister usually thinks _ her own language first.Then she turns her words into English.A.by B.in C.with D.through()16.Its kind _ you to come to see me.-Its a pleasure.You were so kind _ me.A.of;with B.for;with C.of;to D.for;to()17.Is the manager in?-Sorry,he is out.But he

28、will be back _ three oclock.A.in B.on C.until D.before()18._ the age of fifteen,she had written scores of articles for a newspaper.A.At B.Before C.Since D.By()19.In China,the price of TV sets has been reduced _ 30%in the last three years.A.on B.by C.with D.for()20.When you called on me,I was _ a vis

29、it to Mr Smith.A.on B.at C.in D.to()21.Bob,you are wanted _ the phone.Thanks a lot.A.on B.by C.of D.for ()22.The soil is made _ the dead leaves of the trees.A.up of B.of C.from D.by()23.I didnt have any breakfast _ a cup of milk.A.besides B.except for C.except D.for()24.Were sure youll be famous _ a

30、 writer before long.A.as B.for C.with D.by()25.The writer often sat up far into the night working _ a new novel.A.for B.on C.with D.in()26.You look tired._ working indoors you should be out for a walk.8 A.Ahead of B.Instead of C.In front of D.In spite of()27.You must stand _ line when you are waitin

31、g _ a bus.A.on;in B.in;for C.in;on D.on;for()28.Man landed on the moon in 1969 for the first time.Have you ever heard _ it?A.on B.to C.of D.from()29.Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A.for;of B.of;for C.to;for D.of;to()30.The woman feels worried _ her sick baby.A.for B.to C.o

32、n D.about()31.What do you think of the report on the UFOs?-Great!Many students were interested in it and they kept on standing _ the end of the meeting.A.until B.in C.at D.by()32.Have you got any books _ science?A.at B.about C.of D.in()33.She likes reading _ many different subjects.A.of B.at C.on D.

33、in()34.Mr Wang is very strict.His students are afraid _ him.A.at B.of C.about D.to()35.This story happened _ the last few years.A.at B.since C.during D.for()36.We should do something to stop sandstorms _ happening again and again.A.from B.on C.by D.to()37.China became a WTO member _ December 11th,20

34、01.A.on B.in C.at D.of()38.Theres a smile on her face.I think shes _ my work.A.sorry for B.worried about C.pleased with D.afraid of 9 初中介词搭配 1)at once 立刻 2)at last 最后 3)at first 起先，首先 4)at the age of 在岁时 5)at the end of 在之末 6)at the beginning of 在之初 7)at the foot of 在脚下 8)at the same time 同时 9)at ni

35、ght/noon 在夜里/中午 10)with ones help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11)with the help of 在的帮助下 12)with a smile 面带笑容 13)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见 14)after a while 过了一会儿 15)from now on 从现在起 16)from then on 从那时起 17)far example 例如 18)far away from 远离 19)from morning till night 从早到晚 20)by and by 不久 21)by air mail 寄航空邮件 22)by

36、 bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23)by ordinary mail 寄平信 24)by the way 顺便说 25)by the window 在窗边 26)by the end of 到底为止 27)little by little 逐渐地 28)in all 总共 29)in fact 事实上 30)in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31)in a hurry 匆忙 32)in the middle of 在中间 33)in no time(in a minute)立刻，很快 34)in time(on time)及时 35)i

37、n public 公众，公开地 36)in order to 为了 37)in front of 在前面 38)in the sun 在阳光下 39)in the end 最后，终于 40)in surprise 惊奇地 41)in turn 依次 42)of course 当然 43)a bit(of)有一点儿 44)a lot of 许多 45)a little 一点儿 46)on ones way to 某人在去的路上 47)on foot 步行，走路 48)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49)on the other hand 另一方面 50)at/on the

38、weekend 在周末 51)on the left(right)在左(右)边 52)on the other side of 在另一边 53)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)54)to ones joy 使高兴的是 55)to ones surprise 使惊讶的是 介词与动词搭配 arrive inat 到达 ask for 要，请求 do well in 在方面做得好 give in 投降 go on 继续 hear from 收到来信 hear of 听说 helps B.with sth.帮助做 laugh at 嘲笑 learn from 向学习 leave fo

39、r 离开一地去另一地 talk to 与谈话 go in for 从事，致力于 put up 穿上，挂上 take down 拿下，取了 look at（有意识地）看 speak to 对某人说 send for 派人去请 shout at 大声叫喊，吼叫 take away 拿走，带走 10 think of 考虑，关心 turninto 把变成 wait for 等候，等待 take off 脱下，起飞 turn onoff 打开（关上）listen to 听 look after 照顾，照看 look for 寻找 look like 看上去像 get to 到达 point to 指着 fill with 充满，装满 begin with 以开始 dealdo with 处置，对待 meet with 偶尔遇见，遭遇 pass on 传递 belong to 属于 write to 写信给 call on 号召，访问，邀请 die of 死于 depend on 依靠，依赖 smile at 向微笑 believe in 信任 look out 向四下看，到处看