第四讲(一)名词从句.pdf

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1、华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 1 第四讲（一）名词从句（一）Presentation：1.定义讲解 三种句子 The earth is round.（陈述句）It is a fact.The earth is round is a fact.教学重点：名词性从句概念：名词从句就是用三种句子分别充当另外一个句子的四种句子成分。三种句子：陈述句，一般疑问句以及特殊疑问句 四种成分：主语，宾语，表语和同位语 三种句子不是直接放在另一个句子中作成分，而是要做一定的调整：1:用陈述句做成分时，需要在句首加 that:2:用一般疑问句作成分时，需要先将疑问句转换成正常语序，然后在句首加上

2、 whether 或 if（只用在宾语从句中），以保留原句得疑问意义。3：用特殊疑问句作成分时，只需要降疑问语序转换成正常语序。（了解 that的用法）华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 2 Does he need my help?（一般疑问句）I dont know(it)I dont know if he needs my help.Where did he go?（特殊疑问句）I dont know it I dont know where he went.四个成分 The book is interesting.What I am reading is interesti

3、ng.I believe his words.I believe what I said.English is a useful tool.The book is what I want.I like the book,Gone with the wind.The mother must accept the fact that the baby is a deaf.名词从句：用三种句子分别充当另外一个句子的四种句子成分。三种句子：陈述句，一般疑问句以及特殊疑问句 四种成分：主语，宾语，表语和同位语 归纳总结：1:陈述句，句首加 that:华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 3 2

4、:一般疑问句 转换成正常语序 在句首加上 whether 或 if（只用在宾语从句中）3：用特殊疑问句作成分时 换成正常语序。（了解 that的用法）引导词 陈述句：that 一般疑问句：whether,if 特殊疑问句：连接副词：when,why,how,where 连接代词：who,whom,what,which,whose.2:各个击破（主语，宾语，表语及定语从句）主语从句：The earth is round.It is a truth That the earth is round is true.通用公式 That/Whether/where/How/when/why+完整句子=名

5、词可作主语 Whoever/which/what/whatever+不完整句子=名词可作主语 对于一个人来说，重要的是如何掌握自己的命运，而不是被命运掌握。How a person masters his fate is more important that what his fate is.他为什么拒绝和我们合作，至今还是一个谜。华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 4 Why he refused to cooperate with us is still a mystery.由谁来主持会议还没决定。Who will chair the meeting has not yet

6、been decided.他来不来都一样。Whether he comes or not makes no difference.NOTE：形式主语 It is+过去分词+that.It is reported that.It is said that.It is+形容词+that.It is strange that.It is clear that It is necessary that It is+名词+that.It is a pity that It is s shame that.It is a fact that.MBA 实战演习 So where we hear this d

7、ebate is primarily in political circles and in the media-not in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.（主语从句）华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 5 所以我们主要是在政界和媒介听到这种争论-而不是在董事会办公室或是在校园里听到的。_ 宾语从句(可以用 whether&if,其它的从句都只能用)Will he come tomorrow?I dont know it.I dont know whether/if he will come tomorrow.通用公式

8、动词+that/whether/if/which/how/what/whatever/where+陈述语序句子 我们不知道他为什么昨天没来。We dont know why he did not come yesterday.我还没决定选谁。I have not decided whom I should vote for.你应该选你认为最好的候选人。You should vote for which candidate you assume best.NOTE:that 的注意事项 宾语从句中 That 在不影响理解得前提下可以省略,而其它的从句均不能省略。为什么要加that?He said

9、 no word at meeting is strange.He said no word at meeting.华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 6 It is strange.That he said no word at meeting is strange.He said it.No word at meeting is strange.He said said that no word at meeting is strange.MBA 实战演习 Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the

10、 biological effects of chemicals are cumulative(积累)over long periods of time,and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime.（两个并列的 that 引导的宾语从句）负责公共健康的官员们指出，杀虫剂的危害是长期积累的，它对个人的危害取决于此人以上中曾接触过多少杀虫剂。_ 表语从句 My idea is this.Children should be

11、sent to school.My idea is that children should be sent to school.通用公式 华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 7 系动词+that/whether/what/where/how/why/when+陈述语序。我们急需的是钱。Money is what we are badly in need of.昨天是历史，明天是谜。今天是一个礼物。因此它才被称为present.Yesterday is history.Tomorrow is a mystery.Today is a gift.Thats why it is cal

12、led the present.这是我们根本利益所在。This is where our basic interest lies.MBA 实战演练 What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained are same.（主语从句&两个并列的表语从句）玩具史上的显著之处在于：不是历经数百年玩具有多大得变化，而是有多大程度保持不变。_ _ 同位语从句（只能用 that 引导）A saying=pr

13、actice makes perfect.A saying goes.A saying goes that practice makes perfect.华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 8 An old saying goes.Every coin has two sides.A old saying goes that every coin has two sides.传言汤姆是一个小偷，是假的。The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue.MBA 实战演习 MBA 实战演习：What has happened

14、is that every time a material seems to be running short,the price has risen and,in response,people have looked for new sources of supply,tried to find ways to use less of material,or looked for a new substitute.（主语从句&表语从句）目前的状况是，每当一种资源似乎要短缺，枯竭的时候，它的价格就会上涨，相应地，人们就会去寻找新的供应来源，想找到办法使用较少的资源或寻找新的替代品。_（三）P

15、ractice:1.讲下列的句子改写成 it 作主语的句子。That the world is round is a fact._ 华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 9 That smoking can cause cancer is true._ That English is becoming an international language is true._ That clint failed his English exam is strange._ That he has been late for work over and over again is a ser

16、ious matter.2.将下列句子合并成一个句子 Does she come?It is unimportant to me Shall we have the match?It remains uncertain._ I wonder(it)Shall we wait for him?_ No one knows exactly(it)Is there life on other planets.华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 10 _ I am interested in the question.Will people live on the moon someday

17、?_ My question is(that)Do we have enough time to the movie?_ Do you know(that)Does the sound travel faster than light I dont know(it)How old is he?_ What was he talking about?It was interesting._ Please tell me(it)Where do you live?_ What did she say?It wasnt true.华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句系列)By:陈俊霞 11 _ What d

18、id he tell you?It is true._ Why did they refuse to cooperate with us?It is still a mystery._ Do you know that?When are they coming?_ I cant remember it.How much does it cost?_ Lets ask him.Which book does he want?_ I dont know(that)Who are those people?_ Do you know(it)Whose pen is it?华杰 MBA：语法专题(从句

19、系列)By:陈俊霞 12 _ Why did they leave the country?It is a secret._ Where did she go?It is none of your business._ I cant remember it.How many are there in the English alphabet._ I need to find it out.How old does a person have to be to get a driver license?_ The little boy wants to know(it).Do animals have the same emotion as the human beings?_ The little boy wants to know(it)Why is the water of sea salty?_