小升初英语语法祈使句、感叹句及therebe句型和现在进行时的讲解(精讲).pdf

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1、 黄冈状元私塾教师一对一个性化教案 教务处签字：学生姓名 教师 姓名 授课 日期:授课时段 课题 祈使句、感叹句及 there be 句型和现在进行时的讲解 重点难点 感叹句的结构和现在进行时的结构和用法 教 学 步 骤 及 教 学 内 容 一、二、课程的衔接：了解学生对祈使句和感叹句的掌握情况，并使用现在进行时造句 二、教学内容：1.讲解上节课给学生布置的作业，并分析试题中的考点；2.祈使句的定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子；3.祈使句的类型（1）以动词原形开头；（2）以 let 开头的祈使句；4.感叹句的结构：感叹句常由 what/how 引导，表示赞美、感叹、喜悦等；（

2、be 句型的基本用法：表示“某地（或某时）存在有某人（或某物）”。其形式为“There be+代词或名词（短语）+地点/时间状语”6.现在进行时的意义、基本用法和构成 三、巩固练习 见学案 四、知识总结 祈使句、感叹句、there be 句型及现在进行时的结构和用法总结！五、知识拓展 There be 句型与 have/has 的使用区别 日 期:年 月 日 课 后评价 一、学生对本次课的评价 特别满意 满意 一般 差 二、教师评定 1、学生上次作业评价：好 较好 一般 差 2、学生本次上课情况评价：好 较好 一般 差 作业布置 老师留言 教师签字：家长意见 精讲精练一 用所给词的适当形式填空

3、 1._(put)on your coat!Its cold outside!2._(not be)late for school,please!3._(not read)books in the bed!4.Lets_(have)classes._(not talk),please!5._(not look)out of the window.Its too dangerous.6.Please _(open)the door!7._(look)at the blackboard ,please!8.Please _(not watch)TV so much ,Sam!9._(let)me

4、_(have)a look at you new photos!10._ let the naughty boy _(go)out at night.（11.Let the boy _ (not go)out at night.补充讲解：please 在祈使句中的应用 如果在祈使句中加上please，可使整句话听起来更有礼貌、更客气、更委婉些。例句：Turn down the radio！把音量调小！（语气中显得稍有不满）Turn down the radio,please!请将收音机音量调小（委婉建议）Please 可放在谓语之前，不用逗号分开：也可放在句尾，但此时要用逗号号隔开 例句：Pa

5、ss me the ball,please!请把球递给我 Please dont forget the meeting!请别忘记开会 精讲精练二 一、按要求该写句子：1,Tom is sitting on the desk.(变成否定祈使句)_ 2.Open the window,please.(同上)_ 3.Be standing in the rain.(同上)_ 4.Please dont take down the picture.(变成肯定祈使句)_ 5.Please read the text.(变成否定祈使句)_ 二、英译汉：.1.不要在课堂上讲话。_ 2.下次请别迟到了。_ 3

6、.请不要喝太多的水。_ 4.请不要像这样说。_ 5.不要在墙上画。_ 6.我们去公园吧！_ 小结：（1）祈使句的肯定形式 动词原形+其他！动词原形，please！=Please+动词原形$（2）否定形式 Dont+动词原形！Dont+动词原形，please！Please+dont+动词原形！（3）祈使句中没有 does/doesnt （4）Let sb.do sh./Let sb.not do sh.感叹句往年真题：1._ cold weather it is!（09 小六英语竞赛）a B.How C.What D.How a%!How _(happy)Kate is laughing!(09

7、 育才)感叹句的概念 用来表示强烈的情感，表示说话人的惊异、喜悦等情绪的句子句末用感叹号 它有“两大类型七种句式”：一类是由 What 引导的，（3 个句式）另一类是有 How 来引导，（4 个句式）第一部分 What 引导的感叹句结构 What 在此是形容词作定语，修饰名词或名词词组 What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What a good boy Yongxian is!Yongxian 是个多么好的孩子啊！形容词 可数名词单 主语 谓语 What an interesting book that is!那是一本多么有趣的书啊！形容词 可数名词单数 主语 谓语 What

8、 a fine day it is!多么好的一天啊！形容词 可数名单 主语 谓语 What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花啊！形容词 可数名词复数 主语 谓语 What good teachers they are!多么好的老师啊！形容词 可数名词复数 主语 谓语 What good children they are!多么好的孩子们啊！形容词 可数名复数 主语 谓语 What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What fine weather it is !多么好的天气啊！;形容词 不可数名词 主语 谓语 Wha

9、t delicious food it is!多么可口的食物啊！形容词 不可数名词 主语 谓语 第二部分 How 引导的感叹句结构 How 在此是副词，用作状语修饰后面的形 容词、副词、动词。How+形容词+主语+谓语 ！How hot it is today!今天的天气多么热啊！，形容词 主语 谓语 How beautiful the flowers are !这些花多么美丽啊！形容词 主语 谓语 How tall the boy is!那个孩子多么高啊！形容词 主语 谓语 How+副词+主语+谓语！How fast Liuxiang runs!刘翔跑得多么快啊！副词 主语 谓语?How h

10、ard they work !他们工作多么努力啊！副词 主语 谓语 How well he speaks English!他英语说得多么好啊！副词 主语 谓语 How +主语+谓语 ！How time flies!光阴似箭！注意：What 或 How 引导的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语、或其他成分。如：What a good girl!多好的一个女孩子啊！（省略了 she is）What a good girl she is!(完整)How cold!天气多么冷啊！(省略了 it is )How cold it is!（完整）【方法点拨】将陈述句改为感叹句的解题方法 解题时，可以“一判

11、、二定、三移”一判：就是判断出陈述句谓语动词之后的中心词的词性 ；二定：根据判断的结果来确定引导词（中心词是名词引导词就用 What 中心词若是形容词或副词引导词就用 How）三移：就是将主语和谓语移到后面去 精讲精练一 一、单项选择题 （）delicious the dish is!(dish 菜)A.What B.How C.What a ()2._ strange clothes he is wearing!a C.How a ()3._ interesting subject it is!A.What B.How C.What an ()4._fine weather it is!A.

12、What B.What a C.How D.How a()5._ hard he works!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a()6._beautiful the flowers are!￥A.What B.What a C.How D.How a()7.How _ he played the piano!A.good C.bad D.better ()8._heavy rain it is!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a()9._ careless a boy you are!A.How B.What a C.What ()10._fog

13、gy it was yesterday!#B.What a C.How 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.What a _(boring)film!2.How _(heavy)it rains!3.What easy _(question)they are!4.How _(late)Ben goes to bed!5.How _(high)Janet jumps!&本次课后练习 一、按要求改写句子（1）You cant play with water.（改为否定祈使句）_（2）I can help you.（改为肯定祈使句）_（3）Open your books,please.（同 1）-_（4

14、）You must clean your bedroom.（同 2）_（5）You shouldnt climb the tree.（同 1）_ 二、单 项 选 择 in the lake ,Mike!t B.No C.Is D.Does )2.Lets _ listening to the music.A.enjoy B.enjoys C.to enjoy D.enjoying 3._careful!There are many snakes in the forest.A.Isnt B.Are C.Be D.Dont 4.Mike and Mary,_play ball here.A.do

15、esnt C.dont D.arent ,or well be late.A.Hurry C.Hurrying D.Dont hurry ；三、用 what 和 how 填空 1._a big horse it is!big the horse is!3._new the books are!the boy is!5._well he studies!moon cakes!the pigs are!students they are!四、用 两 种 方 法 变 感 叹 句 is a beautiful girl._ _ _ _ she is!_ _the girl is!are big tre

16、es !_ _ the trees are!_ _ _ they are!五、将 下 列 句 子 改 写 成 感 叹 句 1.They stared early ._ 2.It is a wet day today._ dolphin is playing happily ._ waited a long time ._】cat is very happy._ Wang is a busy man._ is a nice book ._ 8.We are having a fine day._:classroom is clean and bright._ There be 句型与 have,

17、has There be 句型与 have,has 的区别 1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在 there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用 is;主语是复数，be 动词用 are;如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近 be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 动词后加 not,一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。4、there be 句型与 have(has)的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。.5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any

18、用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语 How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语 8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats+介词短语 Fill in the blank with“have,has”or“there is,there are”1.I_a good father and a good mother.2._a telescope on the desk.3.He_a tap

19、e-recorder.4._a basketball in the playground.5.She_some dresses.6.They_a nice garden.【7.What do you_ 8._a reading-room in the building 9.What does Mike_ 10._any books in the bookcase 11.My father_a story-book.12._a story-book on the table.13._any flowers in the vase 14.How many students_in the class

20、room 15.My parents_some nice pictures.16._some maps on the wall.17._a map of the world on the wall.18.David_a telescope.19.Davids friends_some tents.20._many children on the hill.Fill in the blank with“have,has”1.I_ a nice puppet.2.He_a good friend.3.They_ some masks.4.We_some flowers.5.She_ a duck.

21、6.My father_ a new bike.7.Her mother_a vase.8.Our teacher_ an English book.9.Our teachers_a.Their parents_some blankets)11.Nancy_many skirts.12.David_some jackets.13.My friends_a football.14.What do you_ 15.What does Mike_ 16.What do your friends_ 17.What does Helen_ 18.His brother_a basketball.现在进行

22、时 一现在进行时态 1.概念:表示现在正在发生的动作【时态判断的依据：一个句子中既有 be 动词，又有动词，且动词加了 ing 该句是现在进行时】注意区分将来时的 be going to+动词原形；2.结构:be(is,am,are)+doing 3.标志语：Look!、Listen!、now 二概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语:now,at this time,these days,基本结构:am/is/are+doing 否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing 一般疑问句:把 be 动词放在句首 三意义：a.表示说话的此刻正在进行的动作。常与时间状语 now

23、,this week,these days 等连用。另外，我们还要注意句中的隐含条件（如：look,listen,Its nine oclock等）例:Listen!Mary is singing an English song in the classroom.The student are doing their homework You are working on a farm these days.Who are you waiting for b.表示现在时间段中正在进行的动作。例:They are planting trees on the hill these days.c.表

24、示一种重复的动作，带有“厌恶”、“赞叹”等感情色彩。例:My brother is always leaving things about 注:现在进行时往往与 always 连用，给现在的动作披上一层感情色彩。四、现在分词 动词原形变成现在分词 动词的 ing 形式有如下方法：A.一般情况在动词后直接加ing:gogoing;washwashing;flyflying B以不发音的 e 结尾，去掉 e 加 ing:drivedriving;rideriding C.某些单词要双写词尾的字母：swimswimming;runrunning 下列单词要双写：get(得到)forget(忘记)pu

25、t(放 cut（切）sit(坐)skip（跳绳）shop（购物）stop（停）begin（开始）run（跑）swim（游泳）dig（挖）一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _ make_ go_ like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_ sing_ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：!boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the

26、classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.4.What _ you _(do)now 5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson._(not,water)the flowers now.!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.is our granddaughter doing She _(listen)to music.9.Its 5 oclock now.We _(have)supper now(wash)clothes Yes,she is.三、句型转换：1.They ar

27、e doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_ _ 3Im playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)_ 4Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)_ 课堂讲练 一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式 二、翻译下列词组 做家务 _ 扫地_ 擦窗_￥洗衣服_ 做我的回家作业_ 帮你的妹妹学英语_ 打扫教室_ 做一个蛋糕_ 看杂志_ 寻找我的玩具狗_ 在图

28、书馆学习_#看报纸_ 打牌_ 下棋_ 玩溜溜球_ 打电脑游戏_ 寻找_ 今天下午_ 在办公室_ 在床上跳_ 追赶 _ 三、按照例句完成下列句子 例：I,sing what are you doing I am singing.1.I,ride a bike！_ _ 2.he,play table tennis _ _ 3.they,run in the playground _ _ 4.Mike,read English _ _ read _。stand _ sit _ run _ ski _ sweep _ skate _ make _ walk _(clean _ have _ write

29、 _ swim_ do _ help _ ride _ dance _ eat _ sing _ wash _ 5.Helen,help Mike with his Maths;_ _ 四、将下列各句改成肯定句 1.Im not watching TV in the sitting-room._ 2.He isnt cleaning the house now._ 3.Are you riding a bike _ 4.Is she washing clothes over there _ 5.Are Nancy and Jane making a cake _ 五、用动词的适当形式填空 1.

30、Nancy and I are _(make)a model plane.2.Look,he is _(clean)the windows.3.The boys _(run)with the cat now.4.I cant _(skate),but I can _(ski).5.The students are _(draw)in the classroom.6.My sister and I like _(listen)to music.7.My father _(watch)TV in the bedroom now.8.There _(be)a lamp near the sofa.T

31、here _(be)some milk in the fridge.9.What _ he _(do)now He _(swim).10.I like _(jog).I can _(jog).I am _(jog)in the street now.11.What are you doing,David Im _(play)with a yo-yo.12.Can you come and _(help)me with my English Sure.13.Where are you _(go)The cinema.14.Dont _(stand)on the chair.15.Do you l

32、ike _(play)volleyball 16.Id like _(buy)a vase.17.Time to _(get)up,dear.18.Look,the cat is _(ride)a horse.19._ your parents _(drink)any soft drinks now No,they _.They _(eat)a cake.20.They like _(banana).They like _(eat)sweets,too.六、根据中文完成短文 现在是晚上六点半。It is six thirty in the evening.我正在做我的家庭作业。I am _.我

33、的哥哥在帮助我的数学。My brother _.我的妈妈在厨房里做饭。_.我的爸爸在客厅里看电视。_.我的猫在干什么 _.看，它在桌子下面和狗玩。_.七、改错(把错的地方圈出来，在后面横线上订正)1.I am play the guitar._ 2.Mike and I doing our homework._ 3.Look,my mother is makeing a cake._ 4.What is my parents doing _ 5.He is looking a book in the study now._ 6.Are Toms parent singing now _ 7.H

34、e isnt listen to music._ 8.Look,he is skateing there._ 9.Do you writing to your friend _ 10.Is he playing chess Yes,he isnt._ 八、根据提示完成句子 a newspaper(你正在读报纸吗)2._in the study(他在书房做什么)boys _ playground.(男孩们在操场上跑步)4._ Nancy _(南西在玩溜溜球吗)5.Please come and _.(请来帮助我们学习数学.)九、句型变化 is reading Chinese in the cla

35、ssroom.(改为一般疑问句)_ Tao is washing clothes.(改为否定句)_ 3The girls are walking in the park.(改为一般疑问句)_ m sweeping the floor at home.(对划线部分提问)_ are copying the new words.(对划线部分提问)_ 阅读练习：Buying Tickets Sam is a little boy,and he is only eight years old.One day he goes to the cinema.It is the first time for h

36、im to do that.He buys a ticket and then goes in.But after two or three minutes he comes out,buys a second ticket and goes in again.After a few minutes he comes out again and buys a third ticket.Two or three minutes later he asks for another ticket.Then the girl in the ticket office asks him,”Why do

37、you buy so many tickets How many friends do you meet”Sam answers,”No,I nave no friend here.But a big boy always stops me at the door and tears my tickets in piece.”快速判断：1.Sam buys the tickets for himself.2.Sam doesnt go to the cinema.3.Sam is too young to make friends.4.Sam has no friend in the cine

38、ma.选择填空：wants to buy when the girl asks him.A:the second ticket B:the third ticket C:the fourth ticket D:the fifth ticket big boy stops Sam at the door because .A:it is the big boys job B:the big boy doesnt like Sam C:the big boy doesnt know Sam D:Sam doesnt buy tickets 3.The big boy is of the cinema at all.A:a bookseller B:a policeman C:a shop keeper D:a worker the story we know .A:the little boy has a lot of money B:the little boy knows nothing about the cinema C:Sam doesnt like the film D:the girl wants to get more money