文学翻译考试.pdf

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1、The first snow came.How beautiful it was,初雪飘临。多么美啊！Falling so silently all day long,all night long,它整日整夜那么静静地飘着，on the mountains,落在山岭上，on the meadows,落在草地上，on the roofs of the living,落在世人的屋顶上，on the graves of the dead!落在死才的坟墓上！All white save the river,that marked its course by a winding black line a

2、cross the landscape;在一片白茫茫之中，只有河流在美丽的画面上划出一道曲曲弯弯的黑线；and the leafless trees,that against the leaden sky now revealed more fully the wonderful beauty and intricacies of their branches.还有那叶儿落净的树木，映衬着铅灰色的天空，此刻更显得枝丫交错，姿态万千 What silence,too,came with the snow,and what seclusion!初雪飘落时，是何等的宁谧，何等的幽静！Every so

3、und was muffled,一切声响都趋沉寂，every noise changed to something soft and musical.一切噪音都化作柔和的音乐。No more tramping hoofs,再也听不见马蹄得得，no more ratting wheels!再也听不见车轮辚辚！Only the chiming of sleigh-bells,唯有雪橇的铃铛，beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children.。奏和谐的乐声，那明快欢乐的节拍犹如孩子们心房的搏动 Notes:1.meadows:草地、牧场 2

4、.the living:活着的人（定冠词 the+形容词，表示某一类人或事物）。下面的 the dead 与此同 3.save:（prep.)除了.以外 eg.All had gone save his mother.4.leaden:(adj.)铅灰色的 5.intricacies:(n.)原指错综复杂，这里指树枝盘结交错 6.seclusion:宁静、远离喧嚣 7.was muffled:被压抑而低沉 8.tramping:此处形容马蹄踏地发出“得得”声的样子 9.rattling:此处形容车轮发出“格格”声的样子 10.chiming:由动词 chime（和谐的奏鸣、敲打）得来 11.s

5、leigh-bells:雪橇的铃铛 1.Being the first black woman elected to Congress has made me some kind of phenomenon.There are nine other blacks in Congress;there are ten other women.I was the first to overcome both handicaps（不利因素）at once.Of the two handicaps,being black is much less of a drawback than being fem

6、ale.我是第一位当选国会议员的黑人妇女，这使我不同凡响。国会中还有九位黑人议员，但我是第一位同时克服两个不利因素的人。在这两种不利因素中，是个女人比是黑人更糟。2.If I said that being black is a greater handicap than being a woman,probably no one would question me.Why?Because we all know there is prejudice against black people in America.That there is prejudice against women is

7、 an idea that still strikes nearly all men-and,I am afraid,most women-as bizarre.如果我说做黑人比做妇女更糟糕，也许没有人会对我的说法提出质疑。为什么呢？因为众所周知,美国存在着对黑人的歧视。说美国存在着对妇女的歧视对于几乎所有男人-还有大多数女人来说-却是不可思议的。3.Prejudice against blacks was invisible（无形的，看不见的）to most white Americans for many years.When blacks finally started to menti

8、on it,with sit-ins,boycotts and freedom rides,Americans were incredulous（怀疑的，难以置信的）.Who,us?they asked in injured tones.Were prejudiced It was the start of a long,painful reeducation（再教育）for white America.It will take years for whites-including those who think of themselves as liberals（自由主义者）-to disc

9、over and eliminate the racist attitudes they all actually have.许多年以来，多数人看不到社会存在着对黑人的歧视。当黑人终于通过静坐示威、联合抵制和自由乘车游行的方式以示抗议，来提及这个问题时，他们觉得简直难以置信。“谁，我们？”他们委屈地问道。“我们歧视黑人？对美国白人来说，这是漫长而痛苦的再教育的开始。他们，包括那些自认为是自由主义者的白人-还需要许多年才能发现并消除他们实际上都持有的种族主义态度。4.How much harder will it be to eliminate the prejudice against wom

10、en?I am sure it will be a longer struggle.Part of the problem is that women in America are much more brainwashed and content with their roles as second-class citizens than blacks ever were.消除对妇女的歧视的困难有多大？我确信这将会是一场更持久的斗争。部分问题在于比起黑人来美国妇女被洗脑的程度更深，且更满足于她们次等公民的角色。5.Let me explain.I have been active in po

11、litics for more than twenty years.For all but the last six,I have done the work-all the tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat on Election Day-while men reaped the rewards,which is almost invariably the lot of women in politics.我来解释一下。二十年来我一直积极参与政治活动。除了最后的那六年，其余那些年干活的是我，

12、我干的是所有无聊所碎，但对竞选胜负至关重要的工作-可得到好处的却是男人，这几乎就是政界妇女一直以来的命运。6.It is still women-about three million volunteers-who do most of this work in the American political world.The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman,a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a

13、 woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing.In such a job,she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions,where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes.在美国政界，大部分的工作仍然是由妇女来做-大约 300 万志愿者。她们中任何人

14、所能期待的最好结果是有幸当选为区或县的副主席，这是一个隔离却平等的职位，是给那些多年来一直忠实从事装信封和组织牌局工作的妇女的奖赏。在这种职位上，她可以享受公费出差去参加州或全国性的会议或代表大会，在这些场合她的作用就是和她单位的男主席投一样的票。7.When I tried to break out of that role in 1963 and run for the New York State Assembly seat from Brooklyns Bedford-Stuyvesant,the resistance was bitter.From the start of that

15、 campaign,I faced undisguised hostility because of my sex.1963 年，当我企图摆脱角色代表布鲁克林的贝德富锡斯图维桑特参加竞选纽约州众议院的席位时，遇到了极大的阻力。从竞选一开始，我就要面对他们毫不掩饰的对女性的敌意。But it was four years later,when I ran for Congress that the question of my sex became a major issue.Among members of my own party,closed meetings were held to d

16、iscuss ways of stopping me.但是在四年以后，当我竞选国会议员时，性别问题才成了一个主要争端。我所在党派的党员召开秘密会议讨论如何阻止我参加竞选。8.My opponent,the famous civil-rights leader James Farmer,tried to project a black,masculine image;he toured the neighborhood with sound trucks filled with young men wearing Afro haircuts,dashikis and beards.While t

17、he television crews ignored me,they campaign manager,Wesley MacD.Holder,knes.In my district there are 2.5 women for every man Registered to vote.And those women are organized-in PTAs,church societies,card clubs,and other social and service groups.I went to them and asked their help Mr.Farmer still d

18、oesnt quite know what hit him.我的对手，著名的人权运动领袖詹姆斯.法默竭立把自己塑造成一个具有男子汉气概的黑人形象；他坐着带有扩音器的卡车在附近地区巡回，车上满载着留着非洲发式、穿颜色花哨的宽袍和蓄胡子的年轻人。电视台记者对我不屑一顾，他们忽略了一个非常重要的数据，而对此我和我的竞选经纪人韦斯利.麦克唐纳.霍尔德却很清楚。在我这个区内，登记参加投票选举的人中男妇的比例是 1：2：5。而且那些妇女是有组织的-是教师家长协会、教会社团、牌局俱乐部以及其他社会服务性团体的成员。我去找她们寻求帮助。法默先生到现在仍然不知道他是如何被击败的 9.When a bright

19、young woman graduate starts looking for a job,why is the first question always:“Can you type?A history of prejudice lies behind that question.Why are women thought of as secretaries,not administrators?Librarians and teachers,but not doctors and lawyers?Because they are thought of as different and in

20、ferior.The happy homemaker and the contented darky are both stereotypes produced by prejudice.当一位聪明的年轻女大学生开始找工作时，为什么第一个问题总是“你会打字吗？”在这个问题背后是一整部妇女受歧视的历史。为什么被看成是秘书而不是管理者？为什么被看成是图书管理员和教师而不是律师？因为她们被认为是不一样的，低人一等的。快乐的家庭主妇和心满意足的黑鬼都是由歧视产生的典型人物。10.Women have not even reached the level of tokenism that blacks

21、are reaching.No women sit on the Supreme Court.Only two have held Cabinet rank,and none do at present.Only two women hold ambassadorial rank.But women predominate in the lower-paying,menial,unrewarding,dead-end jobs,and when they do reach better positions,they are invariably paid less than a man for

22、 the same job.If that is not prejudice,what would you call it?妇女甚至还没有达到黑人所达到的象征性的平等水平。最高法院中没有妇女，只有两名妇女曾担任内阁的职位，但现在一个也没有。只有两位妇女担任大使。妇女主要从事工资低、伺候人、没有前途的工作。即使她们获得较好的职位，他们的工资也总是比同样工作的男人低。这不是歧视又是什么？11.A few years ago,I was talking with a political leader about a promising young woman as a candidate.Why i

23、nvest time and effort to build the girl up?he asked me.You know shell only drop out of the game to have a couple of kids just about the time were ready to run her for mayor.几年前，我与一位政治领袖谈论有关一个有前途的青年妇女做候选人的事。“为什么要花费时间和精力去树立这个女孩的威信？”他问道，“你很清楚她只会在我们打算让她竞选市长时退出竞选去而生孩子。12.Plenty of people have said simila

24、r things about me.Plenty of others have advised me,every time I tried to take another upward step that I should go back to teaching,a womans vocation,and leave politics to the men.I love teaching,and I am ready to go back to it as soon as I am convinced that this country no longer needs a womans con

25、tribution.对于我，许多人说了类似的话。每次当我试图向上迈一步时，许多人劝我回服从于教书，说那才是妇女的职业，把政治留给男人。我热爱教书，只要我确信这个国家再也不需要女人作贡献时，我就会去教书。13.When there are no children going to bed hungry in this rich nation,I may be ready to go back to teaching.When there is a good school for every child,I may be ready.When we do not spend our wealth

26、on hardware to murder people,when we no longer tolerate prejudice against minorities,and when the laws against unfair housing and unfair employment practices are enforced instead of evaded,then there may be nothing more for me to do in politics.当在这个富足的国家里，当没有孩子饿着肚子上床睡觉时，我可能会回去教书。当第一个孩子都能上好学校时，我也许会回去

27、教书。当我们不再将钱财耗费在武器装备上来杀人时，当我们不再容忍对少数民族的歧视时，当惩治住房和雇佣不公行为的法律得以实施而不是被束之高阁时，那么我在政治上也就再没什么可做的了。14.But until that happens-and we all know it will not be this year or next-what we need is more women in politics,because we have a very special contribution to make.I hope that the example of my success will con

28、vince other women to get into politics-and not just to stuff envelopes,but to run for office.但是在那以前-我们都知道那不是今年或是明年-我们需要的是更多的妇女投身于政治，因为妇女可以做出特殊的贡献。我希望自己成功的例子能使其他的妇女愿意参与政治活动-不仅仅是装信封，而是竞选政府职位。15.It is women who can bring empathy，tolerance,insight,patience,and persistence to government-the qualities we

29、naturally have or have had to develop because of our suppression by men.The women of a nation mold its morals,its religion,and its politics by the lives they live.At present,our country needs womens idealism and determination,perhaps more in politics than anywhere else.妇女能交同情、宽容、远见、忍耐和毅力带到政府中-这是我们与生

30、俱有的品质或是在男人的压制下不得不培养出来的品质。一个国家的妇女通过她们在生活中的行为来塑造这个国家的道德、宗教和政治。目前，我们国家在政治上也许比其他任何方面更需要妇女的理想主义和决心。My mother,dead now to this world but still roaming free in my mind,wakes me some mornings before daybreak.If theres one thing I cant stand,its a quitter.I have heard her say that all my life.Now,lying in be

31、d,coming awake in the dark,I feel the fury of her energy fighting the good-for-nothing idler within me who wants to go back to sleep instead of tackling the brand new day.Silently I protest:I am not a child anymore.I have made something of myself.I am entitled to sleep late.Russell,youve got no more

32、 gumption than a bump on a log.She has hounded me with these battle cries since I was a boy in short pants.Make something of yourself!Dont be a quitter!Have a little ambition,Buddy.”我母亲早已不在人世，但她仍时时浮现在我心中，有时早晨天还未亮就把我唤醒。“我最最不能容忍的，就是半途而废的人。”我一生不但听到她说这句话。此时此刻，我躺在床上，在黑暗中慢慢醒来，想重回梦乡而不愿直面崭新的一天。我感觉到了她正怒气冲冲地与

33、我体内那个没出息的懒汉奋力斗争。我默默地抗议到：我已经不是孩子了。我已经小有成就，我有资格睡会儿懒觉。“罗素，你一点儿进取心也没有，和二流子简直没什么两样。”从我还是个穿着短裤的孩提时代起，她就一直用这些话激励我前进：“你要混出个人样来！”“不要半途而废！”“要有点志气，孩子。”1).也许有人会觉得我的报告过于悲观，但至少我在报告中实事求是地反映了我们面临的问题。(strike sb.as)My report may strike some people as pessimistic,but at least its realistic about the problems we face.2

34、).这本书很有意思，书中就人际关系所表达的许多观点很深刻。(insight into)It was an interesting book,full of fascinating insights into human relationships.3).我发现在这个国家没有车还真不行。(handicap)I found it quite a handicap not to have a car in the country 4).警察已经排除了意外事件的可能性，因为时间上太巧合了。(eliminate)The police have eliminated the possibility tha

35、t it could have been an accident because it was so well timed.5).她看着他，一脸鄙视。(undisguised)She looked at him with undisguised contempt.6).这本书中的人物都是模式化的。(stereotype)The characters in the book are just stereotypes.7).只要你坚持锻炼下去，很快就会尝到健康带来的种种甜头。(reap)You will soon reap the various benefits of being fit as

36、long as you keep doing exercise.8).如果你企图逃税，你就有坐牢的危险。(evade)If you try to evade paying your taxes you run the risk of going to prison.9).他一直试图按他的标准塑造我。(mold into)He kept trying to mold me into what he wanted me to be.10).我们没有屏幕，但我们可以把幻灯放映在后墙上。(project onto)We dont have a screen but we can project the

37、 slides onto the back wall.“Hope”is the thing with feathers希望是鸟儿，That perches1 in the soul在人们心灵栖居，And sings the tune2 without the words唱着无词的歌儿，And never stopsat all永无止息。And sweetest in the Gale is heart心灵是甜蜜的避风港只有猛烈的风暴，And sore must be the storm才能威胁希望，That could abash3 the little bird这慰藉心灵的小鸟。That k

38、ept so many warm Ive heard it in the chilliest4 land它歌唱在最寒冷的地方 And on the strangest Sea最陌生的海洋 Yet，never，in Extremity5，It asked a crumb6 of me.纵然身处绝境，也不索取分毫。Between two tall gate-posts of rough-hewn stone(the gate itself having fallen from its hinges at some unknown epoch)we beheld the gray front of

39、the old parsonage terminating the vista of an avenue of black ash-trees.It was now a twelvemonth since the funeral procession of the venerable clergymen,its last inhabitant,had turned from that gateway towards the village burying-ground.The wheel-track leading to the door,as well as the whole breadt

40、h of the avenue，was almost overgrown with grass,affording dainty mouthfuls to two or three vagrant crows and an old white horse who had his own living to pick up along the roadside.The glimmering shadows that lay half asleep between the door of the house and the public highway were a kind of spiritu

41、al medium,seen through which the edifice had not quite the aspect of belonging to the material world.译文：一条大路,两旁白蜡树成林,路尽头可以望见牧师旧宅的灰色门面。路口园门的门拱不知在哪一年掉下来了,可是两座粗石雕成的门柱还巍然矗立着。旧宅的故主是位德高望重的牧师，现已不在人世，一年前，他的灵柩从园门里迁出,移向村中的公墓,也有不少人执绋随行。园门里的林荫大路和宅门前的马车道，杂草蔓生，偶尔有两三只乌鸦飞来,随意啄食,在路旁觅食的那头老白马,也可以在这里吃到几口可口的美餐。宅门和公路之间,都

42、是隐约朦胧的树影,似乎人鬼异世,这座旧宅也不属于这个世界的了。Her knowledge of love was purely theoretical,and she conceived of it as lambent flame,gentle as the fall of dew or the ripple of quiet water,and cool as the velvet-dark of summer nights.Her idea of love was more than of placid affection,serving the loved one softly in

43、an atmosphere,flower-scented and dim-lighted,of ethereal calm.她对爱情的认识纯粹属于理论性的认识。她把爱情想象成闪烁的火焰，像秋天的露珠或宁静水面的涟漪一样温柔，像丝绒般夏季夜晚一样凉爽，她认为爱情不仅仅是一种风平浪静的感情-在一个花香弥漫与灯光昏暗的环境中体贴地伺候你的爱人，也不仅仅是虚无缥缈般平静的情感。Sweet and low,sweet and low,和且柔的西风 Wind of the western sea,西边的海风 Low,low,breathe and blow,舞动着甜美、舒缓的身姿 Wind of the

44、western sea!韵律般的节奏 Over the rolling waters go,带动海浪滚滚东去 Come from the dying noon,and blow,朦胧的月色夹杂着风的声 Blow him again to me;又一次把她吹到我的身旁 While my little one,while my pretty one,sleeps.亲亲睡着的宝宝，可爱的宝贝。Sleep and rest,sleep and rest,睡吧，睡吧；睡吧，睡吧，Father will come to thee soon;爸爸一会儿就要回来 Rest,rest on mothers breast,睡在母亲的怀抱里 Father will come to thee soon;爸爸一会儿就要回来，Father will come to his babe in the nest,看望熟睡中的模样 Silver sails all out of the west 从西方归来，扬起银色风帆 Under the silver moon;映着银色月光 Sleep,my little one,sleep,my pretty one,sleep 来看安睡的宝宝