高考英语复习-形容词、副词用法ppt优秀PPT.ppt

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1、高考考点归纳高考考点归纳1.比较级和最高级比较级和最高级 1).形容词和副词的比较级形容词和副词的比较级,最高级的特最高级的特 定结构定结构 2).修饰形容词修饰形容词,副词比较级和最高级的副词比较级和最高级的 词的依次词的依次 3).比较级结构和潜在比较级的问题比较级结构和潜在比较级的问题2.形容词形容词,副词的意义和用法副词的意义和用法3.形容词形容词,副词的排列依次副词的排列依次形容词形容词1.定义定义 是修饰名词表示名词属性的词是修饰名词表示名词属性的词,常常放在它所修饰的名词之前放在它所修饰的名词之前Eg:I have a big bag.2.基本用法基本用法:可做可做 1)定语定语

2、(放在名词前放在名词前);2)表语表语(放在系动词放在系动词后后);3)宾语补足语宾语补足语;4)the+形容词可转化为名词形容词可转化为名词1)Jim is a diligent boy.2)John is 2)John is honesthonest and and warm-heartedwarm-hearted.Father got Father got angryangry when he heard the news.when he heard the news.3)You must keep the room clean.Dont leave the door open.4)Th

3、e young are energetic and enthusiastic.3.几种特殊状况，几种特殊状况，须牢记：须牢记：1).形容词短语作定语，定语后置。形容词短语作定语，定语后置。eg.a language difficult to master a leaning tower about 180 feet high2).表语形容词（表语形容词（afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake,alive 等）作定语，定语后置等）作定语，定语后置 如如 a man alive 有些表身体健康状况的形容词如有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well,faint,ill 只作表语。

4、只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为如作定语意为“bad”。3).形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。4).else 常用作疑问代词常用作疑问代词 和不定代词的后置定语。和不定代词的后置定语。5).多个形容词作定语时的排列依次多个形容词作定语时的排列依次 假如两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被假如两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被 修饰的名词关系较亲密的形容词靠近名词；假修饰的名词关系较亲密的形容词靠近名词；假如几个形容词的亲密程度差不多，则音节少的如几个形容词的亲密程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节

5、多的在后。如：形容词在前，音节多的在后。如：a small beautiful room。常用的依次为：常用的依次为：记住：限数描形新颜国材（记住：限数描形新颜国材（名词）名词）Eg:The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge.请译：一个美丽的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。请译：一个美丽的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。a nice big new Chinese china vase 4.复合形容词的构成复合形容词的构成 1.形名形名ed kind-hearted white haired2.形形形形 red hot dark

6、blue 3.形形 现分现分 good looking easy going 4.副词副词 现分现分 hard working fast moving 5.副词副词 过分过分 hard won newly made6.名名 形形 life long world famous 7.名名 现分现分 peace loving fun loving8.名名 过分过分 snow covered hand made 9.数数 名名 ed four storeyed three legged10.数数 名名 ten-year two-man5.形容词的比较等级形容词的比较等级 表示形容表示形容词原原级的句型

7、：的句型：双方相等双方相等时，用句型用句型“.as+形容形容词原原级+as.”/“.the same（+名名词）+as.”Eg:He is as intelligent as his sister.He has the same intelligence as his sister.He is as intelligent a student as his sister.双方不相等时，双方不相等时，用句型用句型“.not so/as+形容词原级形容词原级+as.”/“.be different from.”Learning English is not so hard as learning

8、Russia.English is not so difficult a subject as Russia.一方是另一方的若干倍时一方是另一方的若干倍时，表示倍数的结构有以下几种：表示倍数的结构有以下几种：1.A is three(four,etc.)times/half/one third the size(height,length)of B.如：如：Their library is twice the size of ours.2.A is three(four,etc.)times/half/one third as big(high,long)as B.如：如：The new br

9、idge is three times as long as the old one.3.A is three(four,etc.)times/half/one third bigger(higher,longer)than B.如：如：Your school is three times bigger than ours.4.表示形容词比较级的句型：表示形容词比较级的句型：1)表示一方表示一方超过超过另一方时，用另一方时，用“形容词比较形容词比较级级+than.”，而且可以用，而且可以用much,even,a lot,any,still,a bit,a little,a great deal

10、,times,%,far,by far等副词修饰形容词等副词修饰形容词比较级；比较级；The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year.Is this hotel any better than the one we lived in last time?2)2)表示一方不如另一方时，用表示一方不如另一方时，用表示一方不如另一方时，用表示一方不如另一方时，用“.less+“.less+形容词形容词形容词形容词原级原级原级原级+than.”+than.”；I admit that I am less brave tha

11、n you.I admit that I am less brave than you.He is less nervous than you.He is less nervous than you.3).3).表示一方随另一方的程度而变更时，用表示一方随另一方的程度而变更时，用表示一方随另一方的程度而变更时，用表示一方随另一方的程度而变更时，用“the+“the+比较级比较级比较级比较级.the+.the+比较级比较级比较级比较级.”.”（越（越（越（越越越越越）如：如：如：如：The harder he works,the happier he feels.The harder he wo

12、rks,the happier he feels.4).4).不与其他事物不与其他事物不与其他事物不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的变更时，相比，表示本身程度的变更时，相比，表示本身程度的变更时，相比，表示本身程度的变更时，用用用用“比较级比较级比较级比较级 and+and+比较级比较级比较级比较级”结构，表示越来结构，表示越来结构，表示越来结构，表示越来越越越越Our country is becoming more and moreOur country is becoming more and morebeautiful and richer and richer.beautiful a

13、nd richer and richer.5).more.than与其说与其说倒不如说倒不如说It is more like a wall than a spear.They are more like father and son than teacher and student.Smith is more diligent than intelligent.6).not+比较级比较级 纯表示比较纯表示比较 no+比较级比较级 含有对两者的否定含有对两者的否定I am not better at English than you.I am no better at English than

14、you.(Imply:Neither you nor I am good at English.)7）某些以某些以ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时，结尾的形容词进行比较时，用用to 代替代替than.这些词有这些词有inferior(劣等的劣等的，次的），次的），superior ,junior(资格较浅的）资格较浅的）,senior。如：如：he is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.8)倍数表达法倍数表达法1.A is+倍数倍数 the size(height/length/width/depth)of B2.A is+倍数倍数 as as B3.A is

15、+倍数倍数 比较级比较级 than B留意：留意：times 表三倍以上表三倍以上，两倍用两倍用 twice/double形容词形容词 修饰不定代词时放在后面修饰不定代词时放在后面.Eg:I didnt get anything valuable from the speech.If you listen carefully,you will find something new.u对以上句型要特殊留意在具体语言环境中的敏对以上句型要特殊留意在具体语言环境中的敏捷运用。例如：捷运用。例如：uWhat do you think of his voice?uI dont think I have

16、ever heard a better voice.u该对话的答语以比较级的形式表达了最高级的该对话的答语以比较级的形式表达了最高级的含义，意思等于含义，意思等于“I think his voice is the best”。uThe trip could not have been better.uThe Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.uThe Changjiang River is longer than any river in Korea.副词用法副词用法1.定义：指用来修定义：指用来修饰动词，形容词，

17、饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句，其他副词以及全句，表示时间，地点，表示时间，地点，程度，方式等概念，程度，方式等概念，反映动作行为以及反映动作行为以及陈述事情的性质特陈述事情的性质特征征2.作用作用:修饰动词；修饰动词；修饰形容词；修饰修饰形容词；修饰副词副词3.位置位置:通常放在形通常放在形容词前动词之后容词前动词之后4.多个副词作修饰多个副词作修饰语时的依次语时的依次:）地点状态）地点状态（方法）时间（方法）时间Eg:I drove downtown quickly this morning.）副词副词短）副词副词短语语Eg:We arrived safely at the statio

18、n.用做状语用做状语,修饰动词修饰动词,形容词形容词,副词副词,词组词组,或整个或整个句子句子.1.They listened to the teacher attentively and took notes every now and then.2.The ticket is terribly expensive.3.I like English very much.4.He is really a good man.5.Obviously,he is telling a lie.uActually/luckily/generally/unfortunately etc常常用来修用来修饰句

19、子句子.u留意留意:u1.名词名词+ly构成形容词构成形容词;形容词形容词+ly构成副构成副词词ufriendly,lovely,lively,homely,manly(形容词形容词)ufriendlily,livelily,happily (副词副词)u2.fast,early,straight既是形容词又是副词既是形容词又是副词,不加不加ly.uHe runs fast.uCan you give me a fast answer?两种副词形式的比较两种副词形式的比较有些常用副词，两种形式，意义不同。如：有些常用副词，两种形式，意义不同。如：close 接近（指距离）接近（指距离）clos

20、ely 细致地；亲密细致地；亲密地地free 免费免费 freely 自由地；自如地自由地；自如地deep 深深 deeply 深刻地深刻地hard 努力地努力地 hardly 几乎不几乎不wide 宽宽 widely 广泛地广泛地high 高高 highly 高度地高度地late 晚；迟晚；迟 lately 近来近来most 最最 mostly 主要地；绝大多数主要地；绝大多数地地形容词副词的比较级和最高级形容词副词的比较级和最高级可分规则和不规则可分规则和不规则2种形式种形式1.规则变更规则变更 单音节词一般在词尾加单音节词一般在词尾加-er和和-est假如以假如以-e结尾的单音节词，仅加

21、结尾的单音节词，仅加-r和和-st,eg:large假如已辅音字母加假如已辅音字母加y结尾的少数双音节词，把结尾的少数双音节词，把y变成变成i再加再加-er和和-est，例如：，例如：happy假如单音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节，需双假如单音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节，需双写词尾再加写词尾再加-er和和-est,例如：例如：bigbiggerbiggest假如以假如以er,ow结尾的少数双音节词结尾的少数双音节词,加加-er,-est,eg:clever,narrow不以不以y,er,ow结尾的双音节词结尾的双音节词,全部多音节的形容词全部多音节的形容词或副词，形式上与分词相同的形容词

22、以及以或副词，形式上与分词相同的形容词以及以 ly结结尾的副词尾的副词,都在词前加都在词前加 more,most常见的不规则变更的词有：常见的不规则变更的词有：good/well?-?bad/ill?many/much?little?far?3.无比较级的状况无比较级的状况）某些程度副词，如）某些程度副词，如:quite,rather,completely,relatively,fairly等与形容词连用已具有等与形容词连用已具有“比较比较”含义，故这时句中的形含义，故这时句中的形容词不能再运用比较级容词不能再运用比较级）下列几类形容词也没有比较级：）下列几类形容词也没有比较级：a.表示表示“

23、终极终极”或确定概念的或确定概念的,如如:absolute(ly),blind,dead,full entire,living,round,wrong etc.b.表示时间，方位或方向的表示时间，方位或方向的,如如:back,forward,front,past,weekly,monthly,present,southern etc.c.部分表示事物性质，物质材料或结构成分的形容词部分表示事物性质，物质材料或结构成分的形容词,如如atomic,cultural,golden,political,wooden etc.d.本身具有本身具有“最最”或或“唯一唯一”概念的形容词概念的形容词,如如:m

24、aximal,mere,only,unique etc.重要词语辨析重要词语辨析very 和和 much 的区分的区分 可分等级的形容词和副词前运用可分等级的形容词和副词前运用very 不用不用 much.表示状态的过去分词前用表示状态的过去分词前用very。如：如：a very frightened boy ;a very tired child a very complicated problem以以-ing ,-ed 结尾的分词结尾的分词 多用多用 much,very much,greatly 修饰。修饰。如：如：We were greatly shocked by the news a

25、bout Tom.too 前用前用much 或或 far,不用不用very,You are much/far/a lot too nice.留意：留意：修饰确定意义的形容词，一般不用修饰确定意义的形容词，一般不用very,而用而用 quite,completely,well,entirely 等修饰。等修饰。如：如：quite wrong/mistaken/sure;completely dead;quite impossible,quite perfect 等等。1.(北京卷北京卷)23.This _ girl is Linds cousin.A.pretty little Spanish

26、B.Spanish little pretty C.Spanish pretty littleD.little pretty Spanish 形容词依次形容词依次练习练习练习练习:2.（山东卷）（山东卷）28.Mr.Smith owns _ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.A.largerB.a largerC.the largerD.a large3.(广东卷广东卷)27.John is very lazy.He falls _ behind in his studies.A.very B.far C.more D.s

27、till 副词副词4.（湖北卷）（湖北卷）28What a table!Ive never seen such a thing before.It is_ it is long.Ahalf not as wide asBwide not as half asCnot half as wide asDas wide as not half5.(江苏卷江苏卷)22.-How is everything going on with you in Europe?-Quite well.Not so smoothly as I hoped,_.A.though B.instead C.either D.

28、too6.(江苏卷江苏卷)28.David has won the first prize in singing;he is still very excited now and feels_ desired to go to bed.A.the most B.more C.worse D.the least7.（全国卷（全国卷3）6Is your headache getting_?No,its worse.Abetter BBadCless Dwell 8.(江西卷江西卷)34Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course.You can n

29、ever be _ careful with that.Aenough Btoo Cso Dvery9.（上海卷）（上海卷）41.There was such long queue for coffee at the interval that we _ gave up.A.eventually B.unfortunatelyC.generouslyD.purposefully10.（上海卷）（上海卷）44.At times,worrying is a normal,_ response to a difficult event or situation-a loved one being i

30、njured in an accident,for example.A.effective B.individualC.inevitable D.unfavorable 11.（浙江卷）（浙江卷）13.My mother always gets a bit _ if we dont arrive when we say we will.Aanxious Bashamed Cweak Dpatient12.（浙江卷）（浙江卷）18.Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds,and I have not seen _ this year.Athe bestBBe

31、tterCthe most DMore 13.（天津卷）（天津卷）6.If it is quite _ to you,I will visit you next Tuesday.A.convenient B.fair C.easy D.comfortable14.（安徽卷）（安徽卷）31.John is the tallest boy in the class,_ according to himself.A.five foot eight as tall as B.as tall as five foot eightC.as five foot eight tall as D.as tall five foot eight as