外文翻译--中国生态旅游可持续发展的现状和措施的研究.doc

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1、 中文3220字本科毕业设计（论文） 外文翻译Research on the Present Situation and Measures for Sustainable Development of China EcotourismZOU Xiaoling School of Economic Management Henan Polytechnic University jiaozuoHenna,P.R.China,454000 rudz-xl163ComAbstract：As an inevitable trend of the sustainable development of to

2、urism, Eco-tourism has become a mainstream of international tourism in the 2l the century, but a lot of problems still exist in the growth of Chinas Eco-tourismThis paper firstly explains the connotation of Eco-tourism and then analyzes the main problems of it at present in China from four aspectsBa

3、sed on the series of problems in Eco-tourism reality, developing and operating modes suitable for the Eco-tourism in China is lastly put forwardKeywords：Eco-tourism；Sustainable development；Natural Surroundings； Countermeasures1 InstructionEco-tourism is a new type of traveling which thrives rapidly

4、and has become the focus in the tourist circleAs sustainable tourism, eco-tourism is considered as the top and inevitable choice in the realization of sustainable development of tourism and therefore draws rich worldwide attention and obtains rapid growth, which makes it the mainstream of internatio

5、nal tourism in the 21 the centuryHowever, in the course of its development, a lot of problems still need further probing to realize sustainable development2 Connotation of Eco-tourismEco-tourism is a thoroughly new type of traveling which comes into being and is advocated due to the influence that t

6、raveling has on the environmentThe concept of earlier eco-tourism refers to the idea of returning to nature”and“going back to plainness”in tourism, which stresses the exploitation of natural sightings in tourism developmentIn recent years，Eco-tourism is defined by International Eco-tourism Society a

7、s traveling with double responsibilities of reserving natural environment and the life of local peoplewhat the Eco-tourism stresses is the protection of natural sightings，and it can be called sustainable travelingFrangialli, General Secretary of World Tourism Organization of UN，pointed out in the wo

8、rld Eco-tourism summit,“Eco-tourism and its sustainable development bear imminent tasks in three aspects：economically，stimulate the economy and cut down the number of the poor；socially, create jobs for the vulnerable groups；environmentally, provide necessary financial report for the protection of na

9、tural and cultural resourcesAll those involved in Eco-tourism should work with joint effort for the realization of the three objectives”Eco-tourism has a lot in common with sustainable development, to be specificthe objective of the former is to realize the latter3 Problems with the eco-tourism in C

10、hinaChina has favorable conditions for eco-tourism development：first, it has a great number of potential travelers。and the demand for eco-tourism is on the increase with the awakening of peoples ecological awareness；secondly, it possesses rich eco-tourism resources. The results obtained by China Nat

11、ional Committee of Man and Biosphere(MAB)of UNESCO in its investigation in more than 100 nature reserves of provincial or higher levels indicate that 82 of the reserves have been in the formal business of tourism, and 12 of the reserves has more than 100，000 travelers annuallyEco-tourism in the natu

12、re reserves in China is now in the ascendant with the annual travelers close to 25 millions and the annual income approximating 520 millions YuanSome of the reserves are playing the leading role in stimulating the local tourismDue to the short history of the tourism development in China, people stil

13、l lack scientific understanding of the relation between traveling and environmentand the eco-tourism development is still in its infancyStresses are put on traveling in nature and exploiting traveling resources，while the influence on environment and damage on resources that traveling itself has are

14、ignoredActually, tourism development has brought serious pollution to the environment and triggered a series of problem in reality, about which a lot of experts and scholars are concernedProblems in ecological tourism development are analyzed in four main aspects from the perspective of the objectiv

15、es to be achieved in ecological tourism4 Explore a sustainable development of eco-tourismTo have a sustainable development, the eco-tourism should be in harmony with nature without being at the cost of the environmentThere should be a proper pace of development, a limited number of tourists permitte

16、d and stronger environmental awareness Otherwise, too many tourists will bring overburden to the spots and destroy the surroundings indispensable for eco-tourismAccordingly, the sustainable development of eco-tourism will not be accomplishedBased on the serious of problems in eco-tourism, we should

17、focus on establishing developing and operating modes suitable for the eco-tourism in China and on correcting the inappropriate practice in its development41 Strengthen legislation on eco-tourism, environmental management and scientific planLegislation should be strengthened since vulnerable areas in

18、 ecological system are involved in eco-tourism zoneIt is an emergency to set up laws and regulations on eco-tourism development and supervision based on the existing laws of nature reserves and forest parksTaking nature reserves as an example，the surrounding management related to eco-tourism should

19、be operated on different stagesThere are different focuses on different stages in aspects of surrounding management in project initiation stage and construction stage，in ecological monitoring and post-evaluation after the business startsIn eco-tourism projecting，a team professional in ecological pro

20、jecting can guarantee a good program, and voices from different interest groups should be listened and coordinated。Meanwhile，as a special program, the eco-tourism project should subordinate to the general planning of the reserves or forest parksBefore projecting, a serious of tasks should be finishe

21、dFeasibility should be studied and traveling resource value and its market potential and the effect of tourist development on surroundings should be investigated and assessedThen projects of various kinds consistent with the eco-tourism objective should be designed, such as the land using project, s

22、ight project, water resource and energy project and environmental protection project, etc4.2 Establish a special operating mode of enterprise engaged in eco-tourism developing and operatingMultiple objectives should be taken into consideration when developing eco-tourism products. Therefore，enterpri

23、ses engaged in eco-tourism development and operation should not just chase for direct profit, they should carry on humanistic care in their strategic objective and hold the concept of green business in their operation and take it as their brand mark when establishing their image in the marketGreen b

24、usiness can be achieved through the developing and operating mode by which the eco-tourism enterprises bring the influence on surroundings down to the minimum in their operationFor example, youth hotels and family inns which an less influential on surroundings are applicable for lodgingTo be green-b

25、usiness restaurants，selling of wild life and plants under protection should be prohibited and services going against the local custom and culture are not provided thereFeasible authorization systems or free-will-based criteria like ecological symbol can be adopted in marketing of eco-tourism enterpr

26、isesso as to show to the potential customers their consistence with the sustainable development principle and the reliability of their products and services.4.3 Establish a training system of employees engaged in coo-tourism to make the locals involvedIt is impossible to stimulate the sustainable de

27、velopment of the local economy by exploiting ecological tourist zones if the locals are excluded from the exploitation and managementThe locals are the foundation of eco-tourism development as well as the alternative to improve the local employment and economy, and taking them into the exploitation

28、and management of it is a key to its success. The high professional standards of ecological exploitation and management requires the establishment of the training system of people engaged in eco-tourism, which is an important bridge of converting the local labor force and a critical link to get the

29、local truly involvedThe ecological tourist zone training system should be categorized into three levels：firstly, training of administrative staffAdministrative staff includes those from the administrative department in charge of tourist zone surroundings and high-level managerial staff from the eco-

30、tourism enterprises. The training can take the form of borrowing external brains like inviting ecological or tourist experts at regular intervals to give lectures or training classesSecondly is training of common employeesCommon employees are trained in the regulation and requirements of eco-tourism

31、 zones and operation regulation of the enterprises in the principle of on-the-spot conversionThe training can take the form of studying occupational traveling schools or traveling colleges funded with money got from the eco-tourism profit under the feedback mechanismAnd also the enterprises can hold

32、 on-the-job training to achieve the same goalThirdly, popularize environmental protection knowledge among the localsIt would be more acceptable to the locals if the concept of environment -friendly eco-tourism is combined with local culture and custom in various forms like publicity and education wi

33、ndows，broadcasting and television etcThe locals are supposed to participate in the exploitation and management of eco-tourism like lodging reception, special transportation, tourist shopping and other traveling tours with local cultural characteristicsand their opinions should also be considered in

34、the determination of eco-tourism exploitation4.4 Strengthen tourist management and provide eco-tourism market educationChinas tourists still lack environmental protection awareness at present, which will easily lead to the damage of ecological system and requires strict tourist managementThe managem

35、ent can be done in the following three aspects：Firstly, guide tourists by economic means like tickets and technical means like route planning and separated area planning in accordance with the environment bearing capability of the scenic spots to realize rational allocation of time and space and ach

36、ieve the goal of not destroying the internal ecological system of the scenic spotsSecondly, give tourists environment education by using showcases，video，posters，books，pamphlets and tourist guide interpreting system in the scenic spotsInform the tourists of the regulation they have to obey clearly be

37、fore the tour startsIt would be effective to educate and influence the tourists with the doings of the eco-tourism enterprise working staff and the environmental protection atmosphere in the surrounding communitiesThirdly, law, regulation and systems should be set up in eco-tourism scenic spots to r

38、estrict tourists and avoid negative effects on the surroundingsThe implementation of the above measures can foster responsible tourists and serves as a market education means of eco-tourismIt will necessarily accelerate the rising and maturity of the eco-tourism market in China4.5 Set up supplementa

39、ry systems under the plan and guidance of ecological and traveling expertsEco-tourism demands developing and operating professionals and strong scientific supportIt is unrealistic for traveling enterprises to supply for a large number of researchersAs a professional traveling type，on the one hand, e

40、co-tourism should get technical innovation with the progress of environmental protection industry and apply its newest technology to the production；on the other hand, to minimize the influence traveling has on ecology, they have to undertake regular test, research and comparison of environmentAdditi

41、onally, eco-tourism research agencies are not qualified for the long-term management in the spotsTherefore，it is quite necessary to establish supplementary systems under the plan and guidance of ecological and traveling expertsAs far as specific practice is concerned，firsteco-tourism spots should es

42、tablish friendly relation with research agencies whose experts the spots invite as their consultants or they set up think tank to provide guidance and consultationThe experts or think tank make suggestion for the development of eco-tourism at the early stage of projecting and exploitation, provide e

43、nvironment reports for the administrative departments in charge of the spots regularly, and give proposals to rectify the actual deviationsSecond, strengthen the communication between eco-tourism administrative departments and research agenciesEstablish mechanism of cooperation between eco-tourism a

44、dministrative departments and research agencies to strengthen innovative research of eco-tourism theories，promote technical and administrative innovation of eco-tourism and set down scientific regulation and technical standards of eco-tourismThrough cooperation in the two aspects，research results of

45、 eco-tourism will be fully applied and a large number of experts and scholars be involved in the supplementary systems5 ConclusionAs a new economic growth point，eco-tourism promotes the development of tourism and helps enhance the local economic growth and gains support from governments of different

46、 levels. What must be done at present is to establish legal and regulation systems of eco-tourism to make all the work concerned with it legalized to achieve the goal of legal establishment, legal operation and legal managementTo the projects which dont follow the requirement and damage the natural

47、scenery resources，there should be rectification to lead them to the healthy developing wayFor the reason that China is still a toddler in eco-tourism and the theory and practice is at the exploring stage，the sustainable development of eco-tourism is a complicated and systematic project which has a l

48、ong way to goIn the process of implementation, we should use foreign advanced experiences for reference and have worldwide exchange to seek international cooperation and aid based on our national situation and the principle of Self-relianceBy forging ahead with the developmental spirit call we achie

49、ve ecological protection and its permanent utility and the sustainable development of ecological tourism二、翻译文章中国生态旅游可持续发展的现状和措施的研究邹晓玲河南焦作理工大学 经济管理干部学院 邮编：454000 rudz-xl摘要：作为一种旅游业可持续发展的必然趋势，生态旅游已成为21世纪国际旅游的主流，但是，日益增长中的中国生态旅游存在着很多问题。本文首先解释了生态旅游的基本内涵，然后从四个方面分析中国生态旅游发展现状中存在的主要问题。基于发展生态旅游存在一系列问题的现实,在文章的最后提出了适合中国生态旅游的开发和经营模式。关键词：生态旅游，可持续发展，自然环境，对策1 引言生态旅游作为一种新型的发展迅速的旅游方式已成为旅游圈的焦点。生