英语专业四级作文常用单词(整理版)(5页).doc

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1、-第 1 页英语专业四级作文常用单词(整理版)-第 2 页英语专业四级作文常用单词、短语 下面列出的是一些应试作文的常用单词、短语。其中的动词、名词和形容词都是 应试作文尤其是议论文写作时应该熟练运用的单词，而适当地运用下面这些短语对提高作文 的措辞水平、提高作文得分大有好处。常用的形容词和副词：absurd 荒唐的addictive 上瘾的affectionate 有感情的aggressive 有上进心的alert 敏锐的;警惕的arduous 费劲的artistic 艺术的authoritative 权威性的awkward 尴尬的balanced 平衡的cogent 使人信服的cold-b

2、looded 冷血的cold-hearted 无情的compatible 兼容的complicated 复杂的compassionate 富有同情心的confident 自信的contemptible 可鄙的contributive 有贡献的corrupt 腐败的delicious.美味可口的demanding 要求高的detrimental 有害的devious 偏离正道的dishonorable 不光彩的 disturbed 受到干扰的ccentric 古怪的economical 经济的evil 邪恶的exotic 异国的enlightened 开明的;文明的fallacious 荒谬的f

3、ashionable 时髦的feasible 可行的fictitious 虚假的flexile 灵活多样的fruitful 有成效的glamorous 富有魅力的gorgeous 辉煌的humane 人道的incompatible 不调和的;不相容的mpressive 令人印象探刻的ignorant(of)无视的;无知的inborn 天生的inconceivable 不可思议的 indecent 不妥的;不检点的indifferent 冷漠的infectious 传染性的indispensable 不可或缺的inexhaustible 取之不尽的inferior 低人一等的infirm(身体)

4、弱的influential 有影响力的inhumane 不人道的inquisitive 多管闲事的initially 首先insalubrious 有害无益instructive 有教育意义的intellectual 智力的interim 中间的;过渡的 interpersonal 人际关系的intimate 密切的inviolable 不可侵犯的inward 内在的Irreparable 不可挽回的irresistible 不可抵抗的irritating 恼人的isolated(from)隔绝的 laudable 可赞誉的lavishly 大方的legitimate 合法的loyal 忠诚的

5、luxurious 奢侈的magnanimous 宽宏大量的mature 成熟的misleading 误导的money-oriented 向钱看的multilateral 多方面的misrepresented 不如实叙述的nourished 有营养的obscure 晦涩的palatable 美味的old-fashioned/out of date 过时的perilous 危险的permissive 宽容的;许可的pernicious 有害无益的pornographic 色情的potential 潜在的practical 实际的;务实的preferential:优惠的pressing 紧迫的pr

6、ofessional 专业的prosperous 繁荣昌盛的prudent 明智的prevailing 占主导地位的;流行的psychological 心理上 rational 理性的resentful 愤怒的reverse 相反的rewarding 值得的ridiculous 荒谬的rigid 严格的rough 粗略的shabby 破旧不堪的sheltered 受保护的sociable 好交际的self-contemptuous 自卑的sole 惟一的stern/strict 严格的stressful 有压力的stringent 严厉的stylish 时髦的superficial 表面现象的

7、tempting 吸引人的time-honored 久享盛名的traditional 传统的typical 典型的unadvised 轻率的uncompromising 不妥协的unconcerned 冷漠的 uneasy 不自在的unethical 不道德的unfeeling 冷漠的unhealthy 不健康的unified 同一标准的unwholesome 不健康的unjust 不公平的utterly 完全;绝对地unscrupulous 肆无忌惮的unsociable 不善于社交的untimely 不和适宜的unique 独特的vexing 令人烦恼的voluntary 自愿的vulne

8、rable 易受伤害的vivid 形象的well-grounded 有充足理由的 abolishment 废除wholesome 健康的 常用的名词absurdity 荒唐;谬论 abuse 滥用achievement 成绩acquaintance 熟人admiration 崇拜adaptation 改写;适应adventures/explorer 探险者adverse impact 负面影响adversity 逆境affection 友情/感情alienation 疏远ambition 志向amusement 娱乐anecdote 轶事apathy 冷漠无情approach 鼓掌archit

9、ecture 建筑association 联想;联系assault 攻击assessment 评估athlete 运动员art 艺术availability 可得到的东西barrier 妨碍-第 3 页behavior 行为beneficiary 受益人budget 预算burden 负担campaign 运动candidate 候选人capacity 能力celebrity 名人character 性格characteristic 特征charm 魅力clerk 职员cohesion 凝聚力colleague 同事collectivism 集体主义comfort 舒适commercial 商

10、业广告commercialization 商业化commodity 商品companion/partner 同伴conformity 一致consensus 同意consultation 咨询consumption 消费content 内容containment 满意;满足contribution 贡献correlation 相关性costume 服装creativity 创造性criteria 条件cruelty 残忍customer 顾客cyber crime 网络犯罪depression 沮丧;低沉depression 剥夺descendant 后代deterioration 恶化det

11、our 绕道developed countries 发达国家digestion 消化吸收dignity 尊严discipline 纪律developing countries 发展中国家discomfort 不舒服discontent 不满足discrimination 歧视;区别 disgust 反感disorder，无序状态disorientation 迷失方向感disposition 性格distraction 干扰diversity 多样化;多样性 domain 领域duplication 重复(建设)duration 耐用employee 雇员employer 雇主endeavor

12、努力做enjoyment 享受enthusiasm 热情;狂热equality 平等evaluation 评价exception 例外exhibition 展览exploration 探险export 出口favor 喜好feature 特点fidelity 忠实flexibility 灵活性forefather/ancestor 祖先freedom 自由frustration 挫折gallery 美术馆garment 服装goodwill 善意gram 雅致graduate 毕业生guardian 监护人halt 停止;终止hardship 艰难险阻heritage 遭产horizon 地平

13、线hostility 敌对humanity 人性idol 偶像immunity 免疫力import 进口indication 迹象indictment 控告indifference 不关心individuality 个性化industry 工业;行业inequality 不平等infrastructure 基础设施ingenuity 独创性initiative 主动性instruction 教导instructor 教师integrity 诚实intellectual 知识分子intelligence 智能interaction 交际interference 干涉interpretation

14、解释intolerance 不宽容intrusiveness 干涉involvement 参与jealousy 妒忌jog 慢跑joint effort 共同努力joy/delight 欢乐lack 缺乏license 执照landmark 标志性建筑;里程碑literacy 读写能力manufacturer 制造商match 匹配journalist/correspondent 记者measure 侧量;评估millennium 千年minority 少数人life expectancy/life span 寿命misconduct 行为不端morality 道德motion 抗议muscl

15、e 肌肉myopia 近视nationality 民族;国籍norm 准则notion 观念;想法obligation 义务obstacle 障碍物occupation 职业opponent 对手originality 独创性outcome 产物outlook 观点;景色participation 参与pastime 消遭peer 同龄人penalty 刑罚;处罚perseverance 坚定不移personality 性格perspective 看法popularity 普及;流行popularization 普及practice 做法precaution 防范prerogative 特权p

16、rinciple 原则proficiency 精通promotion 提升prospect 前景profession/occupation 职业prosperity 繁荣protocol 协议prudence 慎重public opinion 舆论punishment 惩罚purity 纯洁性rebellion 反叛recovery 恢复regression 衰退regulator 监控者reliability 可心度remedy/therapy 疗法revenue 揭示/表现revenue 总收人reward 奖赏；报酬remote education 远程教育rumor/gossip 谣言

17、;传闻 satisfaction 满足self-discipline 自律self-respect/self-deem 自尊心-第 4 页shortcoming 缺点side-effect 副作用signal 信号skyscraper 摩天大楼sociologist 社会学家soul 灵魂specialty 专业spelling 拼写status 地位stereotype 成见straightforwardness 直率strain 压力；过度劳累strategy 策略strength 实力stress 压力substance 物质supplement 补充sympathy 同情symptom

18、 症状talent 人才teenager 青少年temper 性情；烦躁temptation 诱惑threshold 开端tip 提示;技巧tolerance 宽容tragedy 悲剧trait 特点trap 陷阱triviality 琐事troublemaker 捣乱者uniformity 一致variety 多样性;种类 vexation 烦恼victim 受害者vitality/vigor/energy/vim 活力；精力void 空虚warmth 温暖weakness 缺点withdrawal 退出;撤退zeal 热情 常用动词 abide by/obey/observe 遵守abol

19、ish 废除abuse 虐待;滥用acquire 获取adore 崇拜;爱慕allocate 分配accommodate 供给;调节alter 改变appeal to/attract 吸引approach 对待;处理approve of 赞成arise 出现across 激发assume 承担(责任)attach 赋予;粘上attend 参加;就读ban 禁止blue 兴旺发达boon 繁荣censor 审查characterize 以一为特色charge 收费attain/obtain/acquire 获取;得到bring sb./sth.into full play 充分调动的积极性imp

20、ose/confine/place restrictions on/restrict/limit 限制cherish 珍视claim 宣称coexist 共存coincide with 与相符collect 收集commute 来回往返于condemn 遭责consult 咨询contaminate 污染contribute to 贡献crack down on 打击cultivate 培养defy 不服从;藐视degenerate 退化degrade 使降级depreciate 贬值deprive(of)剥夺dessert 抛弃detect 侦查deter 阻止deteriorate 恶化d

21、etermine 决定disclose 揭露discourage 使气馁diversify 使多样化divert 使分心dominate 占优势drop out 退学；放弃eliminate 消除endanger 危害enlighten 启发enrich 丰富entertain 招待;娱乐 evaluate 评价evolve 演变exaggerate 夸张exert 施加(压力)expel 排除;开除explore 探究expose 揭露hamper 妨碍;牵制guarantee 保证;担保give full play to 充分发挥hinder/impede/block/hamper 阻碍i

22、dealize 理想化identify 辨认ignore 无视;不理睬imitate 模仿impair 危害;伤害incur 招致;引发inflict 承受inherit 继承innovate 改革创新 invent money in 投资install/set up/erect/fix./mount 安装lavish 浪费maltreat 虐待maximize 最大化minimize 使最小化mould/build 塑造neglect 忽视oblige 强迫observe/follow 遵从participate 参与perform 履行;表演please 取悦overcome 克服(困难)

23、preserve 保留;保护 prohibit 禁止publictze 宣传pursue 追求quit 放弃quote 引用refine 精炼reflect 反映reform 改革retreat,使恢复regulate 管制;调控rehabilitate 改造reject 剔除relax 修养release 释放render 给予represent 代表resort to 诉诸于深取restore 重建;恢复restrain 约束retain 保留roam 闲逛sacrifice 牺牲shirk 回避shun 回避signify 表示;意味spoil/indulge 宠坏;溺爱spread 传

24、播steer 驶向;掌舵stick to 坚持stimulate 刺激stipulate/set 规定substitute 代替supervise 监督control 控制surpass 超过survive 生存threaten 威胁tolerate 忍受treasure 珍视-第 5 页trigger 引发underestimate 低估undermine 危害unload 摆脱负担vanish 消失wither 退化;萎缩wreck 摧毁常用连接词:(1)表层进 first/firstly/to begin with/further/in the fast place second/sec

25、ondly/to start with/still/furthermore third/thirdly/what is more/last/last but not least/also/and/then/next/besides and equally important/too/moreover besides/in addition/finally(2)表转折 by contrast/although/though/yet/at the same time/but/despite the fact that/even so in contrast/nevertheless/even th

26、rough/for all that notwithstanding/on the contrary/however/in spite of/on the other hand/otherwise/instead/still/regardless(3)表因果 therefore/consequently/because of/for the reason thus/hence/due to/owing to so/according/thanks to/on this account since/as/on that account/in this way for/as a result/as

27、 a consequence(4)表让步 still/nevertheless/granted/naturally in spite of/all the same/of course/despite/even so/after all(5)表递进 furthermore/moreover/likewise/what is more besides/also/not onlybut also/in addition(6)表举例 for example/for instance/for one thing/that is/to illustrate/as an illustration/a ca

28、se in point(7)表解释 as a matter of fact/frankly speaking/in this case/namely/in other words(8)表总结 In summary/in a word/thus/as has bear said in brief/in conclusion/altogether/in other words to conclude/in fact/finally/in simpler terms/indeed/in short/in particular/that is/in order words/of course/on t

29、he whole/to put it differently namely/in all/therefore/to summarize(9)表时间 after a while/afterward again/also and then/as long as besides/earlier eventually/finally formerly/furtherfurthermore/in addition/in the first place/in the past last/lately meanwhile/moreover next/now presently/second shortly/simultaneously since/for far subsequently/then thereafter/too until/until now When1