必修4unit2workingtheland词汇讲解及练习(8页).docx

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1、-第 1 页必修4unit2workingtheland 词汇讲解及练习-第 2 页必修 4 Unit2 Working the land1 struggle strglvi.搏斗；奋斗；努力；争取 n.打斗；竞争；奋斗【例句】They had to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties.他们必须和各种各样的困难作斗争。After 5 years of struggle,people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过五年的努力，现在汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。【搭配】struggle

2、against/with 与斗争 struggle for 为争取而斗争struggle to do努力去做struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle 生死搏斗【辨析】battle,war,campaign,struggle,fight这些名词均有“战斗，战争”之意。battle：侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗，或个人之间的争斗。war：是战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。campaign：通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。也可作引申用。s

3、truggle：指激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争。fight：最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗。2 hunger hg(r)n.饿，饥饿；欲望 vt.&vi.（使）饥饿【例句】His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library.他对知识的强烈愿望驱使他上图书馆。These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas.这些学生渴望学到新知识，获得新思想。【搭配】have a hunger for渴望 hunger for 渴望得到【拓展延伸】“渴望得到某物/渴望做某事”的多种表达法归纳如下：hun

4、ger for sth.long for sth.hope for sth.wish for sth.be eager for sth.desire sth.hunger to do sthlong to do sthhope to do sthwish to do sthbe eager todo sth.desire to do sth.3 expandkspndvt.使变大；扩张；详述vi.扩展；发展；张开；展开【例句】In ten years the citys population expanded by 12%.十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。【搭配】expand.into.将

5、扩展/发展成expand on 阐述；详谈【辨析】expand/extend/spread/stretchexpand 意为“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。extend 意为“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度，宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。spread 意为“传播；蔓延；铺开”。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播（疾病），散布（信息）等。stretch 意为“伸展(身体等)，拉长；连绵”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。【拓展延伸】expansion n.展开；膨胀；扩展expansive adj.广阔的；易膨胀的4rid rd vt.使摆脱

6、，解除，免除【例句】You are supposed to rid yourself of carelessness,for it often leads to trouble.你应该克服粗心，因为他常常引起麻烦。-第 3 页Its easy to get into the habit of smoking but hard to get rid of it.染上吸烟的恶习很容易，但要戒掉很困难。【搭配】rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱 get rid of 摆脱，除去5 equipkwp vt.装备，配备【例句】Most parents want to equip their chil

7、dren with a good education.大多数父母想让他们的孩子接受良好的教育。【搭配】equip.for 给.配备，使有能力做equip sb with 用.装备be equipped for 准备好 be equipped with 装备，安装 be fully/poorly/well equipped 装备齐全/简陋/完好【辨析】equip,furnish,supply,provide,afford这些动词都含有“提供，供给”之意。equip：侧重提供与技术有关的装备或设备等。furnish：多指添置家具等供给生活的必需品或为生活舒适提供所需的服务设施。supply/pro

8、vide：普通用词，指提供任何所需求的东西。afford：一般只用于对抽象事物提供，也可指经济能力上的供给或支付。【拓展延伸】equipment nu装备 a piece of equipment 一件装备【温馨提示】equip 的过去式和过去分词都是 equipped；现在分词是 equipping。6confuseknfju:z vt.使困窘；使混乱；使困惑【例句】It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.把这个再解释一遍很重要，否则我们就会使学生感到迷惑。They asked so many

9、 questions that they confused me.他们问了许多问题，都把我弄糊涂了。【搭配】confuseAwith B 把 A 与 B 混淆be confused about 对.感到困惑【温馨提示】confused 指“困惑的；迷惑不解的；被弄糊涂的”，表示人的内心感受；confusing“使人困惑的；令人迷惑的；使人混乱的”，表示事物的状态。7 regret rgretvt.后悔，悔恨；遗憾 n.遗憾，惋惜；后悔【例句】If you dont study hard now,you will regret it in the future.如果你现在不好好学习，将来你会后悔

10、的。Much to our regret,we couldnt attend your wedding.让我们深感遗憾的是，我们没能参加你们的婚礼。【搭配】regret doing/having done sth 后悔做了某事regret to do 遗憾的做 to ones regret令某人感到遗憾的是 with regret 遗憾地8 reducerdju:s vt.减少；缩小【例句】They have reduced the prices in the shop,so its good time to buy.商店已经降低了价格，所以现在是买东西的好时候。It was foggy so

11、 the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometers an hour.由于大雾，司机不得不把速度减到每小时 40 千米。【搭配】reduce to 减少到 reduce by 减少了【辨析】decrease,diminish,lessen,reduce,dwindle这些词的共同含义是“减少，变少”。decrease：指逐渐地、不断地减少。lessen：普通用词，与 decrease 近义。指数目、程度、价值、实力等的减少。reduce：普通用词，含义广。指数量、程度的降低或减少。9 comment kment n.评论；注释 vt.&vi.评

12、论，谈论-第 4 页【例句】Do you have any comment to make about the cause of the accident?你对这起事故发生的原因有何评论？【搭配】no comment 无可奉告 comment on.对.评论 make a comment on/about.对.评论10 focus fks vt.集中；聚焦 n.焦点；聚焦【例句】It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.这是会议上关注的主要焦点。【搭配】focus on 集中精力于 focus ones attention on 把注意

13、力集中到【拓展延伸】focus ones attention on sth.=center/concentrate/fix ones attention on sth.集中注意力于11 thanks to由于；多亏（有时用作反语）;因为【例句】Thanks to the bad weather,the match had been cancelled.多亏了这倒霉的天气，比赛被取消了。（反语）【拓展延伸】表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of，owing to，on account of，due to，as a result of。【温馨提示】以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名

14、词或动名词而不可以跟从句。due to 一般不用于句首12.be satisfied with 对表示满足或满意【例句】Youve done well at school.Im very satisfied with you.你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。【拓展延伸】be satisfied to do 对做感到满意to sb s/sth s satisfaction 使某人满意的是 far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满足【温馨提示】be satisfied with 同义词 be pleased withbe content with小结：本单元单词的构词法1合成词1

15、）sunburntsun+burnt2)outputout+put3)thereforethere+fore4)underlineunder+line2.词缀+词根1)dis-表示“不，消失掉”；表示“分开，分离”如：discovery disagree dishonest disappear2)-ty 表示性质如：responsibility nationality personality3)-ry 表示集合名词如：laboratory 实验室chemistry 化学 summary discovery4)-ion 由动词变化而来的抽象名词常表示状态。如：communication 交流，交

16、往 occupation production nutrition必修 4 Unit2 Working the land基础过关I 单词拼写1A _(化学的)change takes place in paper when it burns.2.We must r_-第 5 页ourselves of these old ideas.3.Not having had food for over forty hours,we were all weakfrom h_.4.Because of the heavy rain the l_ of the lake has risen 6inches.

17、5.It was a new form of _(细菌)and nobody knew how it would affecthumans.6.The cookies are made from g_ and fruit.7.Farmers consider rabbits tobe p_,because they destroy some crops they grow.8.The violent film is not_(合 适 的)for children.9.This food provides the _(营 养)your dogneeds.10.The average _(产量)o

18、f the factory is 20 cars a day.II 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空would rather,be satisfied with,thanks to,insist on,care about,refer to,lead a.life,exchange for,rid of1)He got the first prize in the speech contest.His teacher _hisperformance.2)It is really a hot day.I _stay in the house withair-conditioning thango

19、outshopping.3)Please_ the last page of the book for answers after doing the exercises.4)_ your help,we could finish the task on time.5)Most of the people in remote mountainous area _ poor_.6)Next week I will fly to Britain on business.Now I want to _ some RMByuan_British pounds.7)When a child knows

20、that he _,he feels safe and secure.8)The girl struggled to_ herself _ her fears.9)Some schools _ their students wearing school uniforms.III 完成句子1.毕业后，他宁愿留在上海而不愿回家乡。He _ _ stay in Shanghai _ return to his hometown after his graduation.2.多亏了他的杂交水稻，农民们种出的粮食比之前多一倍。_ _ his hybrid rice,farmers are produci

21、ng harvests _ as before.3.农民对今年的稻谷产量很满意。Farmers _ quite _ _ this years _ of rice.4.在非洲，政府都在努力让人民摆脱饥饿。InAfrica,governments are trying to _ the people_ _.5.他们集中精力想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害They _ _ keeping their soil rich and _ _disease.6.他为了自由而斗争。They _ _ the freedom.7.最终他们到达了被称作新美洲的地方。At last,they reached _ _ _ th

22、e NewAmerica.8.很抱歉地说我不能帮你的忙。Ithat I cannot help you.IV.辩一辩1.The black people have never stopped their struggle _ unfair treatment(不公正对待).A.againstB.forc.onD.to-第 6 页2.He got completelywhen he saw both Lucy and Lily,who are twin sisters.A.confusingB.confusedC.confuseD.confuses3.my English teacher,I h

23、ave become what I am.A.Thanks forB.Thank toC.Thanks toD.Thank for4.Nowadays the whole world _ peace.A.hunger forB.has a hunger forC.hungry forD.have a hunger for5.She was_ the result.We knew it from her _ look.A.satisfying with;satisfiedB.satisfied with;satisfiedC.satisfied with;satisfyingD.satisfyi

24、ng with;satisfyingV 汉译英1这个战士受了重伤，但最后还是挣扎着站了起来。（struggle）_2正如所报道的那样，西部地区的学生应受到更好的教育。（equip with）_3总有一天我们会有办法使这样可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。(rid of)_4因为对我的话感到满意，我母亲同意我和我的同学去游泳。(satisfy)_5练习中国功夫不仅可以强身健体，而且还可以培养人的性格。(build up)_VI 同义句转换1.A:Compared with maths I like English better.B:I _ English _ maths.2.A:Even if he di

25、es he wont give in.B:He _ _ die _ give in.3.A:We should save the sick free from pain.B:We should _ the sick _ pain.4.A:He doesnt like to live a comfortable life.B:He doesnt _ _ living a comfortable life.5.A:Dr Yuan has spent all his time on his research.B:Dr Yuan has _ all his time _ his research.VI

26、I 单句改错1.Looking forward to hear from you soon.2.Some of them even waste time in class played video games.3.I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding me on her knees and sing oldsongs.4.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,which mightnot be served until

27、 8 oclock at night.5.After think for some time,I let her copy my answers.提升练习VIII 单项填空-第 7 页1.You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _ that.A.to doB.to be doingC.to have doneD.having done2.Vitamin B and C help toyour resistance.A.set upB.give upC.build upD.stand

28、up3.He got completelywhen he saw both Lucy and Lily,who are twin sisters.A.confusingB.confusedC.confuseD.confuses4.Would you rather _ there tomorrow?No.Id rather he _ there instead of me.Ato go；will goBgo；wentCgo；will goDgoing；shall go5.The officers narrowly escapedin the hot battle.A.have killedB.t

29、o killC.to be killedD.being killed6.Though it sounds a bit too dear,it is worth _.A.being boughtB.buyingC.to buyD.buying it.7.If I ruled the world,I would _ the world _ everything that is bad.A.get rid of;byB.be rid of;byC.rid;ofD.get rid;of8.As is known to all,oranges are _ Vitamin C.A.rich in B.po

30、or withC.short ofD.good for9.The boss is quite _ with his_ ability.A.satisfied;satisfiedB.satisfying;satisfyingC.satisfied;satisfyingD.satisfying;satisfied10.It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe.A.as twiceB.twice muchC.twice much asD.twice as much11.In some part

31、s of London，missing a bus means _for another hourA.waitingBto waitCwaitDto be waiting12.Progress so far has been very good.,we are sure that the project will be completed ontime.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Besides13China has successfully sent up the Shenzhou spacecraft into space _withsophistic

32、ated devices of science and technology.Ato be equippedBequippedCequippingDhaving been equipped14There was a_ look on his face when he met with the _ problem.Aconfusing；confusingBconfused；confusedCconfusing；confusedDconfused；confusing15 While shopping，people sometimes cant help _into buying something

33、 they dontreally need.Ato persuadeBpersuadingCbeing persuadedDbe persuaded16.Luckily for us,when we got there the weather _ to be fine.A.turned upB.turned outC.turned overD.turned into17.Having heard my answer,the master nodded _ satisfaction,“Im quite satisfied_you.”A.with;withB.on;byC.in;toD.in;of

34、18.The matter must be looked into.We are supposed to have a little _.A.rainB.weatherC.patienceD.look-第 8 页IX 短文填空Yuan Longping,the father of super hybrid rice,has_（奋斗）for the past fivedecades for the Chinese farmers.In 1953 when Dr Yuan graduated from college,_（饥饿）was a disturbing problem in many pa

35、rts of the countryside._（因此）,Yuan wantedto help _（摆 脱）his motherland of hunger by increasing the rice outputwithout_（扩张）the area of the fields and he made it.Dr.Yuans another dream isto _（出口）his rice to the world._（多亏）Dr Yuan,the UN has moretools in the battle against hunger throughout the world.Dr

36、Yuan is quite _(satisfy)with his life.X 语法填空Yuan Longping,1._ grows what is called super hybrid rice,was born into a poorfarmers family in 1930.When he was young he found 2._(hungry)was a3._(disturb)problem in many parts of the countryside.So he searched for a way toincrease rice harvests without 4.

37、_(expand)the area of the fields.In 1974,he5._(become)the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has 6._ high output.This special strain of rice makes 7._possible to produceone-third more of the crop in the same fields.Thanks to his research,the UN has more toolsin the battle to rid the world 8._hunger.Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life.He feels being famous gives him 9._(little)freedom to do his research,and he alsocares little about money.He 10._gives millions of yuan to equip others for theirresearch in agriculture.