20212022学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价十六Unit6NurturingnatureStartingoutUnderstandingideas含解析外研版选择性必修第一册.docx

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1、十六Unit 6Starting out & Understanding ideas语用训练I.用所给词的适当形式填空Which platform is steadier (steady), Teiobao or Pinduoduo?1. It is hard to adapt to Tibetan(Tibet) climate and air pressure.2. The current situation of the family is due to the traffic accident three years ago, which caused a massive(mass) l

2、oss to them.3. What is the matter with the guy, who has been wandering(wander) for two hours by now?4. He must have got something fine, because he has been smiling leisurely(leisure) for a long time.5. How much do you know about Miss Zhang, who is a slim and delicate (del icate) looking TV presenter

3、?6. How many landmarks(landmark) can you mark out on the now silk road?7. The great wal1 is a wonder in the world which winds(wind) among the mountains of northern China.II.选词填空catch one s eye; be about to; thanks to; work on; overcome the challenges of; above sea level; reach out; bring. . . to lif

4、e; be located at; at one s leisure 1. Maybe you can teach me how to work on a computer someday.2. These old men and women usually go to dance at their leisure.3. The accident happened as the jet was about to take off.4. If we keep that spirit alive, then I know that we will overcome the challenges o

5、f our time.5. The rnoment a tourist enters the forest, one amazing view after another wi 11 catch his eye.6. The Museum is located at the edge of the airfield. In general, exhibits are in good condition.其他的海滩，故C项正确。7. A. global B. local C. national D. coastal【解析】选A。根据上文中的the worldJ s biggest beach c

6、leanup”可知，沙阿的清理行 动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动，空后又说2016年他被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号， 这说明沙阿的海滩清理行动赢得了全球的关注，故A项正确。8. A. described B. honoredC. opposed D. elected【解析】选Bo句意：2016年沙阿被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号后，宝莱坞名流和政界人 士接受（认可）了他的工作,也加入到（海滩）清理行动中。根据空后的“a Champion of the Earth”可知，沙阿被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号。described描述;honored给以荣誉；opposed反对；elected选举。故B

7、项正确。9. A. make B. discuss C. throw D. handle【解析】选D。句意：现在，沙阿还与沿海社区合作，从源头上解决塑料污染问题。根据空后 的plastic pollution at one of the sourcesM可知，沙阿与沿海社区合作从源头上解决 塑料污染问题。handle处理、解决，故1）项正确。10. A. ocean B. factory C. mountain D. forest【解析】选 Ao 根据空前的 Mrubbish often ends up in streams and rivers that empty into,t 可知，垃圾

8、经常被排放到小溪和河流中，而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋，故A项正确。11. A. protect B. control C. scoldD. educate【解析】选 D。根据空后的and assist villagers in reducing, managing and recycling their plastic waste可知，沙阿和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑 料垃圾。proleci保护；control控制；scold责骂；educate教育。故D项正确。12. A. talksB. complainsC. thinksD. argues【解析】选A。句意：这个

9、世界（的人们）往往说得太多了，我认为你应该少说空话，多做实事。 根据空后的“talk less可知此处指“说得太多”，故A项正确。13. A. earlier B. faster C. more D. better【解析】选C。此处与前面的“talk less”相对，指“多做事”，故C项正确。14. A. pity B. need C. pain D. effect【解析】选B。句意：我觉得有必要为我们的地球做点什么，而且我会终身致力于这项工作。 根据空后的“do something for my planet”可知，沙阿觉得他有必要为地球做点什么，故B 项正确。15. A. come on

10、B. get onC. look onD. go on【解析】选D。根据空后的“for life”可知，沙阿会终身致力于这项工作。come on快点；get on上车；look on看待；go on继续。故D项正确。16. A. great B. complex C. complete D. difficult【解析】选A。根据空前的If each one could start”可知,如果每个人都能参与进来,这 个旅程将会变得更美妙。great重大的、极好的；complex复杂的；complete完整的； difficult困难的。故A项正确。【补偿训练】语法填空(2021 济南高二检测)N

11、atural herbal medicines have been a part of the medicine world for a long time, and different cultures have used them in 1. (variety) ways. Many people use them for therapeutic (治疗的)purposes 2. for medicinal purposes. The use of herbs is widely known to be safe because the ingredients are natural an

12、d therefore have very few side effects when they 3. (take).The main purpose of natural herbal medicines is to help the body return to its normal state so that it can be restored 4. (complete). Different herbs when taken will work differently in the body system and therefore bring the desirable heali

13、ng effects. They work by 5. (make) the immune system function wel 1 and also promote the wel1-being of the body before any i1Iness 6. (set) in. Additionally, natural herbal medicines can reduce anxiety, depression, exhaustion, stress, etc, as they help your 7.(nerve) calm down.Despite many advantage

14、s of natural herbal medicines, you should take something 8. consideration when you use them. For instance, don t use them in cases 9. the conventional drugs are supposed to be used. It s important to seek medicaI advice before taking any herbal drugs 1().(avoid) any harmful effects on the body. More

15、over, it s also good to consult your doctor to get the correct amount and also the exact type of drug for the particular disease you have.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了天然药草的优点。天然药草可以帮助我们保持身 体健康，也可以治愈一些疾病，还能缓解精神压力，且天然草药副作用小。但是我们不能确 定用药剂量，也不知道该怎样对症下药，所以最好是先咨询医生。1 .【解析】variouso考查形容词。修饰后文名词ways应用形容词，表示“各种各样的”。 故填

16、various.【解析】or/and。考查连词。句意：许多人把它们用于治疗或/和医疗目的。结合句意可 知表示“或者”或“和”应用连词or或and。故填or/and。2 .【解析】are takeno考查动词时态和语态。木句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描 述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为they,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are taken。3 .【解析】completely。考查副词。修饰上文动词restored应用副词completely,表示“完 全地”。故填 completely。4 .【解析】making。考查非谓语动词。by为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，故填making。5 .【解析】

17、sets。考查主谓一致。在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主 句用一般将来时态。此处主语为illness是单数形式，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填sets. 7.【解析】nerveso考查名词的数。nerve表示“神经”，为可数名词，此处前面没有冠词 故应用复数形式。故填nerves。8 .【解析】intOo考查介词。根据短语take sth. into consideration表示“考虑某事；将 某事考虑进去，故填into。9 .【解析】where。考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词cases, cases在从句中表示 模糊化的地点，用关系副词where。故填where。

18、10 .【解析】to avoido考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知avoid在句中作非谓语动词，且 此处动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。故填I。avoid。【方法技巧】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：1 .看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用 who或whom,指人时通常不用which等。2 .看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是 作定语还是状语等。作定语通常用whose,有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。3 .看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语

19、从句。that、why 通常不引导非限制性定语从句。4 .看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。如第9小题，本句为定语从句修饰先行词cases, cases在从句中表示模糊化的地点，用关系副词whereo故填whereo7. Mount Everest, located at the border between China and Nepal, is 8848. 86 meters above sea level, the highest peak in the world.8. Let us reach out our hands to catch a fa

20、lling leaf and write our words on it.9. His aim, in which he succeeds proudly, is to bring the culture of the time to life.10. Thanks to his assistance, we got out of the dark cave safely.III.完成句子We can see who caces for us more after suffering a disaster, which will help us recognize true friendshi

21、p.经历一场灾难以后，我们可以看出谁更在乎我们。灾难可以帮助我们辨别真正的友谊。1. Knowing that you are afraid of dogs, I locked my pet before answering the door.知道你害怕狗，我在开门之前把我的宠物锁上了。2. I am aware that I am to succeed if I keep it up, but it s hard to got enough determination.我知道如果坚持下去我肯定能成功，但是很难有足够的决心。3. We have been attempting for a lo

22、ng period, but up to now, there has been no sign of possibility.我们已经尝试了很久。但是，到目前为止，还没有可能的迹象。4. Ecosystem is so hard to keep that it s necessary for us all to offer a devotion. 生态系统太难维持了，所以我们都有必要出一份力。-主题阅读-I .阅读理解A（2021 南昌高二检测）The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prev

23、ent the damp cold of Dennis, s Swamp （沼泽地）creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack, s dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp.“So, Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. How did this place get its name? ”“Are you sur

24、e you want to hear it? It s a scary story, “ warned Jack.“Of course! ” cried out Tom. If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn, t have chosen this place! ”“OK, but don t say I didn t warn you, “ said Jack, and he began this tale.“Way back in time, a man cal led Dennis tried to start a farm

25、 here. He bui 11 that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite differentit was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to li

26、sten to advice.“You are clearing too much land, “ warned one old man. The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it.”“Silly fool, “ said Dennis to himself. If 1 clear more land, I can grow more crops. I 11 become wealthier. He s just jealous!”“Dennis continued to chop down tree

27、s. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping （渗透）to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”

28、“TVhal happened? ” Martin asked. 11 was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.“The land hit back just as the old man warned, “ Jack shrugged. uDennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body

29、was never found. ”“What a stupid story, laughed Tom. “Plants can* t. . . ” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted. The other two boys jumped up wi th fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy （常春 藤）had covered Tom s face. It was a while before

30、Tom could appreciate the joke.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一块地是如何受到Dennis过度开发而变成沼泽地的, 同时也告诉我们贪多必失的道理。1. The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to .A. courageB. assistanceC. instructionD. challenge【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“The light from the campfire. . . It was a strange place. （来自篝火的光 这是一个奇

31、怪的地方。）可知，Martin和Tom希望 他们没有接受Jack的这个挑战。故画线单词意为挑战。2. Why did Tom scream and faint?A. He saw Dennis s shadow.B. He was scared by a plant.C. His friends played a joke on him.D. The weather became extremely cold.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Some green swamp ivy had covered Tom s face. ” 一些绿色的常青藤遮住了 Tom的脸。可知，Tom

32、尖叫和晕倒的原因是他被常春藤吓到 了。3. What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?A. Grasp all, lose all.B. No sweat, no sweet.C. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.1） . It is no use crying over spilt milk.【解析】选Ao推理判断题。纵观全文可知，Dennis不顾一切地垦荒和对种植更多庄稼的贪 婪之心，结局却是被水中植物拽入水中，一无所得。B（2021 邢台高二检测）Global warming is t

33、he increase of the earth* s average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases, for example, carbon dioxide, which trap heat that would otherwise escape from the earth. After the trees are cut down and more greenhouse gases are released, the “blanket“ ciround the earth called the ozon

34、e layer （臭氧层）， will get thicker. This catches more heat and makes the earth hotter. Luckily, there are many things that every citizen of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it s never too late or too early for children to take action.The chi Idren should learn what a c

35、arbon footprint is. A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon and greenhouse gases people make as they lead the daily life and go about the normal activities. In other words, the carbon footprint is a measure of the environmental impact （冲击）the life has. To live an environmentally friendly life tha

36、t doesn, t contribute to global warming, people want to have the smallest carbon footprint possible.Almost everything people do contributes to global warming and is related to fossil fuel consumption. These can be direct uses of fossi 1 fuels, like riding in a gaso1ine-powered car, or indirect contr

37、ibutions to greenhouse gases, such as eating fruit or vegetables that had to be shipped from far way to reach their tables.If a child wants to make a contribution to reducing global warming, he should ride a bicycle to the near park, school, his friend* s house, or anywhere else instead of taking th

38、e car. Or he may try to walk or jog, which is also helpful. In addi tion, al though trains and buses often run on fossi 1 fuels, on average, each person uses less energy and produces less pollution to run. Next time if children with their parents have to get around town or it, s too far to walk or b

39、ike, take the bus or other public transportation instead of asking for a ride.【文章大意】本文是议论文。文章提出，全球在变暖，每个人都可以做很多事情来帮助减少 全球变暖的影响，孩子也可以做到。要减缓全球变暖，就要尽可能地减少碳足迹，通过不吃 从很远的地方运来的水果蔬菜、骑车、步行或乘坐公共交通，孩子也能为减缓全球变暖做出 贡献。4. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A brief description of carbon footprint.B. The se

40、rious water pollution.C. The protection of ozone layer.D. The causes of global warming.【解析】选 Do 段落大意题。根据第一段 “Global warming is the increase of the earth s average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases” 可知，作者一开 始提出：全球变暖是由于温室气体的影响而导致地球平均表面温度的升高；接下来举例说明, 如果树木被砍伐，地球臭氧层会变厚，地球温度会升高。因此该

41、段是说明全球变暖的原因。5. Which of the fol lowing can describe the carbon footprint?A. Useless.B. Expensive.C. Helpful.D. Attractive.【解析】选 Co 推理判断题。根据第二段“In other words, the carbon footprint . . . carbon footprint possible.可知，碳足迹可以帮助衡量我们的生活方式是否环保。6. What can kids do if they want to help reduce global warming?A

42、. Go to the near park by bus.B. Walk or cycle as much as possible.C. Keep staying at home or school.D. Go around the town with parents by car.【解析】选B。.细节理解题。根据第四段“If a child wants to. . . instead of taking the car. ”可知，如果孩子们想帮助减缓全球变暖，他们会尽可能多走路或骑自行车。7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. What

43、 Can People Do to Use Less Energy?B. How Can Kids Help Reduce Global Warming?C. How Does Carbon Footprints Measure Pollution?D. Why Global Warming Affects HumansJ Life?【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章在第一段“there are. . . to take action.幸运的是，地 球上的每个公民都可以做很多事情来帮助减缓全球变暖的影响，孩子们采取行动永远都不会 太迟或太早以及下文主要围绕孩子可以做哪些事情来减缓全球变暖的影响。由

44、此可知，How Can Kids Help Reduce G1 oba 1 Warming?适合作本文标题。H.阅读填句根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Schools consume a large amount of energy, which has a bad effect on the environment. 1 , there are lots of ways that you can help your school save energy. Look for simple changes your school can make

45、 and band together with others to make an even bigger effect.2 . Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave a room can help to save energy. Turn off the lights in classrooms that are not being used and in other areas, such as empty bathrooms and unoccupied mul ti-purpose rooms

46、.Use natural light when the sun is bright. It may not always be necessary for you to have the lights on in your classroom. There may be times of day when the sun is especially bright and enough for what you are doing in your classroom. 3 .Set up a recycling station at your school. Recycling is a gre

47、at way to save energy because it reduces the need to produce new materials. 4 , then ask your school principal if you can set one up.Get others involved. 5 . Ei ther as an individual or as a team, you can create and put up signs around your school. Try using signs that remind people of things they c

48、an do to save energy and also some signs that raise awareness of saving energy.A. Post signs about conserving energyWhether you are a teacher or a studentB. If your school does not have oneI). Turn off your computer when it s not usedE. Shut down the lights when rooms are not in useOther times of day you might only need half of the lightsF. If your schooly s garbage company offers recycling services 【文章大意】本文是说明文，从四个方面阐述学生在校园里如何节约能源、保护环境。1 .【解析】选Bo考查上下文的衔接。根据句子的结构判断，此处是一个从句，七个选项中 只有B、C和G三个选项符合要求。根据语境可知，此处表示“不管你是老师还是学生，总有 许多可以帮助你的学校节约能源的方法”。故答案为B。2 .【解析】选Eo考查段落主题句。本段主要讲述在离开教室等地方的时