20212022学年新教材高中英语课时检测一UniteopleofAchievementPeriod1含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册.docx

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1、Unit 1 Period 11.阅读理解AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719-but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still

2、in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many woiks of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady” . Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immora1, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned

3、him as its first professional writer and publ i sher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publ i cat ion of novels and their readership and whose characters一from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim-were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him fro

4、m the pantheon（名人堂）of English literature wou 1 d make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60, （）00 novels we

5、re publ ished during the Victorian age, from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It s partly true that Dickens, style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It* s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific prog

6、ress. But it s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible 一 and important for our own

7、cullure一to understand how he made himself a lasting one.【语篇概述】这是一篇写于狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念前夕的文章，介绍了英国小说的产生和 兴盛，以及狄更斯在英国小说界的地位。1. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popu1 ar among the rich.C. They were seen as nearly worthl

8、ess.D. They were written mostly by women.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad. ”可知，18世纪的英国小说被看不起，被认 为是愚蠢的，邪恶的，坏透了的，与C选项中的worthless基本一致，故选C。2. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress.A. his reputation in Francehis i

9、nterest in modern artB. his success in publicationhis importance in literature【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. 可知，文章把狄更斯与蒙娜丽莎比较，是利用蒙娜丽莎在艺术界的地位来类比狄更 斯在文学界的地位，故选【）。3. What is the author* s purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a great wri ter.B. To introduce an English

10、 nove1.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.【解析】选A。写作意图题。根据最后一段中But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches.可知，本文写于狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念前夕，显然是为了纪念这位伟 大的作家。（2021 邯郸高二检测）Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times. Dozens of women have won

11、the Nobel Prize in science, one of the highest honors in the world. Some women scientists never married, some worked with their husbands, and others raised large families. It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.In the early 1800s in England, Mary Arming became one of the first w

12、omen recognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth. Mary and her father collectedossiIs（化石）in their vi11 age on the south coast of Great Britain. Fossils are parts of pkints or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years.When she was only twelve years old, Mar

13、y became the first person to find the almost complete skeletons （骨架）of several animals that no longer existed on earth. She dicin t become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.In 1891, a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowsk

14、a traveled to Paris to study physics. She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland. She began working in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together. They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along wit

15、h another scientist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911, this time in Chemistry. Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time that became famous as a scientist.【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了以Mary Anni ng和Marie Curie为代表的女 性科学家的故事。4. What does the author think of

16、 women scientists according to Paragraph 1?A. They go through difficulties to be successful.B. They cannot get the highest honors in the world.C. They had better pay more attention to their families.D. They have more opportunities to become successful.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“It has been difficult

17、for women to be successful scientists. v可知,在作者看来,女性成为成功的科学家是很难的。故 选A项。5. Why did Mary fai1 to be famous for her discoveries of fossils?A. She didn, t want to be known to anyone.B. They weren? t worth studying.C. Nobody recognized them.D. She sold them for money.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段末尾句内容Shedidn, t be

18、come famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.可知，她当时并没有因为发现化石而出名是因为她经常卖掉化石来赚钱养家。 故选D项。6. What can we know about Marie Curie?A. She finished her college education in Poland.B. She was the first woman to win two Nobel Prizes.C. She w

19、on the first Nobel Prize before getting married.D. She and her husband won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.【解析】选Bo细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with another scientist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911, this time in C

20、hemistry.”可知，1903 年，居里夫人夫 妇和另一位科学家一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，1911年，居里夫人成为第一个获得第二个诺 贝尔奖的人，这次是在化学领域。因此可知，她是第位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选B 项。7. What * s the text mainly about?A. Ancient discoveries of scientists.B. Some stories of women scientists.C. Successful marriages of women scientists.D. Some women scientists winning the N

21、obel Prize.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，第一段提及了本文的中心话题：Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times. . . It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.由此可知文章的话题为“女性科学家”，并在后 文讲述了 Mary Anni ng 和 Maric Curie 的成功故事。选项 B Some stories of women scientists. （一些女科学家的故事。）”合理概括了文章

22、中心主旨。故选B项。H.阅读填句Eyes can speakMuch meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak. In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not for too long. And if he senses that you are staring at him, he may feel uncomfortable.The same is true in our daily life. If you are

23、 stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to sec if there is something wrong with you.2 Eyes do speak, right?Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive. 3 If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her, his in

24、tentions are obvious. He wishes to attract her attention and let her know that he is admiring her.However, when two persons are engaged in a conversation, the speaker will only look into the listener* s eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is sp

25、eaking. 4 If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking as if trying to control you, you will feel awkward. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim. He wrongly believes that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. 5Actually, eye contact sho

26、uld be made based on specific relationship and situation.A. On the contrary, it will give him away.B. Do you have such a kind of experience?C. That* s what normal eye contact is all about.D. Actually, continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only.E. After all, everybody likes to be stared at for

27、quite a long time.F. But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex.G. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way.【语篇概述】本文叙述了我们的眼睛能清楚地表达许多意思，所以常说眼睛会说话。但是用 眼神交流应根据两人之间的关系和你们所在的位置而定。1 .【解析】选B。根据第一段的意思：许多意思可以用我们的眼睛清楚地表达，所以经常说 眼睛能说话。再根据空格下句：在公共汽车上，你可能

28、看一个陌生人，但时间不太长。故可 知B项Do you have such a kind of experience?（你有这样一种经历吗？）起着承上启下的 作用，符合题意，故选B。2 .【解析】选Go根据上句：如果你被过分盯着看，你就会上上下下打量自己，看看自己是 不是有什么地方不对劲。故可知卜句的意思是：如果没有什么不对劲的话，以那种方式被盯 着看，你会感觉到很恼火，故选G。3 .【解析】选限 根据上句：长时间看某人是粗鲁和具有侵略性的。再根据空格下句：如果 一位男士盯着一位女士超过10秒，拒绝避开她，他的目的很明显。他就是想吸引她的注意， 让她知道他正在欣赏她。故可知空格处表示一种转折：但

29、是，当谈到盯着异性时，情况就不 同了。故选F。4 .【解析】选Co根据上句：说话者不时地盯着听者的眼睛就是为了确保听者确实在听自己 说话。再根据空格下句：如果一个说话的人说话时一直看着你，好像是在试图控制你。故可 知此处的意思是：这就是正常的眼神交流。故选C。5 .【解析】选Ao根据上句：他错误地认为直视眼睛是真诚交流的一个标志。故可知下句的 意思是：正相反，它出卖了他。故选A。【素养培优】According to Passage A, retell the main idea.Charles Dickens was born in 1812. In 1870, when Dickens di

30、ed, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership. He created many characters, such as Oliver Twist, Tiny Tim-who were held up as moral touchstones.Dickens style of writing attracted audiences fro

31、m all walks of life. And his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. Perhaps talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.阅读理解Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he d

32、id not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel , s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin neede

33、d more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged（蓬乱）.His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admi t what he had been doing.The cat s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin s cousins, Mr Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with BenjaminJ s drawings

34、. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings （版 画）by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr Pennington returned for another visit. He was amaz

35、ed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin , s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oi1 paintings. The boy began a landscape（风景）painting. Williams, a wel1-known painter, came to see him wo

36、rk. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night. While it is like

37、ly that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he wou1d be an artist.【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明小时候就展现出r绘画的 天赋，并在堂兄及Williams的帮助下下定决心成为一名画家的故事。1. What is the text mainly about?A. BenjaminJ s visit to Philade

38、lphia.B. Williams influence on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamin, s life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是美国绘画之父本杰明小时候如 何下定决心要成为一名画家的，故选C。2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A. The cat would be closely watched.B. T

39、he cat wou1d get some medical care.C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.【解析】选D。句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes”可知，本杰明拥有了真正的画笔，不再需要猫毛制作画笔了。这句话的本意是“这 只猫的命运即将改善，故选D。3. What did Mr Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his tale

40、nt?A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.B. He provided him with painting materials.C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D. He taught him how to make engravings.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes”可知，为j开发本杰明的绘画才能，Pennington送给了他一些颜料和画笔，也就是 向他提供了绘画材料，故选B。4.

41、Williams two books helped Benjamin to .A. master the use of paintsappreciate landscape paintingsB. get to know other paintersI), make up his mind to be a painter【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist. “ 可知， 这两本书最终使得本杰明决定成为一名画家，故选D。