专题21 8AU5-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）.docx

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1、8AU5-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过(江苏专用)过单词短语过单词短语过单词短语.Would you like to live in the wild, Eddie?你想住在野外吗，埃迪？ (P56) wild在此用作 名词 词，意思是一野外 o in the wild意为“ 在野外【拓展】wild还可用作形容词，意为“野生的”，一般作定语修饰名词；也可跟在连系动词后面作表语。标注：wild在此用作名词，意为“野生”，in the wild意为“在自然环境下；在野外工【典例讲解】彳列 1. Few giant pandas can survive in the wild eve

2、n in China.例J 2. We shouldnt hunt wild animals for food.例 3. These roses are wildo【巩固练习】这条河里有许多野生植物。There are lots of in the river.【答案wild plants.Could you please not eat them?请你不要吃它们好吗？ (P56)“Could you please (not) do sth?的意思是 请你(不要)做某事 。标注：“Could you please (not) do sth.?的意思是“请你(不)做某事好吗？:典例讲解】Coul

3、d you please look it up in the dictionary?【巩固练习】请你不要呆在这儿好吗？ Could you here?【答案】please not stay2.may的用法【拓展】.表推测，意为“可能，也许“，用于肯定句中。1 .表请求、许可，意为“可以工注意：may表请求，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句时，其否定回答用mustnt或cant不用may not,意为“不可以，不允许，禁止“。2 . can和may均可用来表示征求意见或允许，意为“可以“，一般可互换使用。may的基本用法就是表示请求时的“可以”和猜测时的“可能”，但要再次强调may表示猜测时是可以

4、用在肯 定句、否定句中的。另外，may引起的一般疑问句，其回答需要注意：肯定回答可以使用may或者can都 可以，但否定回答则不能用may not,只能用can或者mustnt.【典例讲解】例1. He may come tomorrow.他明天可能会来。例2. May I borrow your book?我可以借用你的书吗？例3.-May I go now?我现在可以走了么？ -No, you mustnt不,不可以。【巩固练习】I take the newspaper away?No, you mustnt. You read it only here.A. Must, can B. M

5、ay, can C. Need, must D. Must, must【答案】B3 .动词不定式的用法动词不定式作宾语一些动词，如 want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾 语。当动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语 之后。应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。【拓展】常见的有：(1) stop to do sth.停止正在做的事,去做另一件事；stop doing sth.停

6、止正在做的事(2) go on to do sth.做完一件事后，继续做另一件事；go on doing sth.继续做同一件事(3) remember/forget to do sth.记住 / 忘记去做某事；remember/forget doing sth.记得 / 忘记做过某事 有一些动词后面后面是省略to的情况，如see, watch, look at, hear, make, let, help等。常考词组：expect to do期望做 refuse to do拒绝做 plan to do计划做 decide to do决定做agree to do 同意做learn to do

7、学会做hope to do 希望做 prepare to do 准备做want to do 想做choose to do 选择做 wait to do 等待做 wish to do 希望做【典例讲解】例1. Tm tired. Lefs stop to have a rest.我累了，让我们停下来休息一下吧。例 2. Its time for class. Stop talking.上课了,别说话了。例 3. Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the room.离开房间时，别忘了 关上灯。例4.1 forgot telling y

8、ou that before.我忘记以前告诉过你这件事了。例5. We must remember to turn off the TV.我们一定要记住关上电视。例 6.1 remembered sending you some stamps.我记得给你寄 了 邮票了。用所给动词的适当形式填空1. When I saw Jim on my way home, I stopped(talk) with him.2.1 forgot(tell) him about it and told him again.回回that strong man(help) you(move) the big sto

9、ne.回回(do) this?6 . Do you plan(do) her homework as soon as she got home.(take) Linda out for a walk after supper?【答案】1. to talk 2. telling 3. to help, move 4. to do 5. to do 6. to take7 .He seems very worried. Maybe he forgets (bring) his homework here.【答案】to bring8 .How much do we need(feed) the pa

10、nda a day?【答案】to feed9 .This is my first time(see) a baby panda. Ifs cute.【答案】to see10 .Tm too tired to walk any further. Lets stop (have) a rest.【答案】to have11 .Can you tell me where(buy) such a good hat?【答案】to buy一、单词拼写重难点训练1 .You never see(才良)in a park. Do you know why?【答案】wolves.How many kinds of

11、(蜜蜂)are there in the wild?【答案】bees.My little dog*s(weigh)is two kilograms.【答案】weight.What a (遗憾；同情)!We missed the wonderful match.【答案】pity.Some animals are good at (protect) their babies in the wild.【答案】protecting.Jack didnt go to school because of his i.【答案】illness.Did our government make (法律)to ma

12、ke people live in an orderly manner?【答案】laws.The (weigh)of Eddie is 15kilograms now.How heavy he is!【答案】weight. At the (begin) of the 21st century,many young people liked wearing jeans.【答案】beginning.A mother giant panda (die) in the world. What a pity!【答案】died.Giant pandas are in (dangerous).【答案】dan

13、ger（没有）.13.We want to see squirrels in the sea, but there is【答案】none14.Baby tigers learn how （catch） other animals.【答案】to catch二、阅读理解AThere are many colours in nature. But do you know that a colour has weight? I think youll say “no”. But I am afraid you are wrong. If you dont believe, you may do a s

14、mall experiment （实验）.First, put two objects with the same weight into two boxes. Then cover the boxes. Wrap （包裹）one box with a red piece of paper, the other with a white piece of paper. Now hold the boxes with your hand one by one. It is certain that you will think the red one is a little heavier.Wh

15、y does it happen? A scientist found that different colours have different weight in a mans mind. So he did many tests and at last he got the result. That is to say, every colour has its own weight in our mind. The heaviest colour is red, then blue, green, orange, yellow and white. The scientists tol

16、d us that colours also have smell. Can you smell the colour? Of course not Then why did the scientists say so? That is because every colour represents a kind of light wave （光波）a certain wavelength （波长）.It reaches our brain （大脑）through organs （感觉器官）According to this discovery, scientists say that peo

17、ple accept the colour they like, and refuse the colour they hate. So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colours you like. Or youll be nervous or even get ill. If you stay in a room with red windows, wallpapers and furniture （家具）fbr two hours, youll feel you have been there for four hour

18、s. But if the room is blue, youll feel you have been there for only one hour. Another example, if a person walks out of a red room and into a blue room, his temperature will fall. That means our body temperaturewill change when we see different colors.1. Which is the lightest color in a mans mind?A.

19、 Red B. Blue C. Green D. WhiteWhich of the following is NOT true?A. Different colors have different weights in a mans mind.B. The color “blue” is the second heaviest color in a mans mind.C. People cant smell the colors.D. The color you dont like will keep you healthy.2. What will happen when you get

20、 into a cool colored room from a warm colored room?A. You will feel excited.B. You will be happy and contented.C. Your temperature will fall. D. You will be nervous.3. According to the passage, how long will you feel if you stay in a red room for an hour?A. Two hours. B. Fours hours C. Six hours D.

21、Eight hours.【答案】1.D 2.D 3.C 4.ABLets try doing the following experiment.What to do：Use string to hang a paper clip or other small object at about chest （胸部）level.Pick up a stick, such as a broom handle. Take three or four steps away from the paper clip.Now close one eye and walk toward the paper cli

22、p. Try to touch it with the tip of the stick. If you miss, try again, still keeping one eye closed. Now try it with both eyes open and see if its easier to do.How it works ：In the experiment, you have to judge how far away the paper clip is. Your brain has several ways of doing this.One simple way d

23、epends on how much your eye has to focus （聚焦）itself. Using only one eye, most people will find it difficult to touch the paper clip on the first try, but the brain still gets some information about distance-though not much.Your brain can judge distance much better when you look at something with bot

24、h eyes. In fact, your brain has more than one way to use both eyes in judging distance. For example, to see anything clearly, you have to make both of your eyes point at the object. When you look at a nearby object, your eyes turn inward. You can feel this happening if you look at the tip of your fi

25、nger and move your finger toward your nose.Your brain gets information from the eyes about how much they are pointing toward each other. Using that information, the brain can tell how far away any object is, whether it is a basketball or a paper clip.1 .How many materials do we need at least to do t

26、he experiment?A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five.The passage is mainly about that with eyes our brain can judge .A. how big an object isB. how high an object isC. how far away an object isD. how much information an object is.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Our brain judges dista

27、nce in one way when we use both eyes.B. Our brain cannot judge the distance of a small object but a big one.C. How much our eyes focus helps our brain judge the size of an object.D. How much our eyes focus helps our brain judge the distance of an object2 .From the experiment we can infer （推断） .A. wi

28、th one eye we can see an object as clearly as we use two eyesB. our eyes turn towards the inside when we look at an object very nearC. within 3 or 4 steps, the nearer an object is, the more clearly we can see itD. our brain can hardly get any information about distance when we use one eye【答案】x.B2.D3

29、.BCFor many years scientists have said that the earth is getting warmer. Now they have found something new-hot cities! In the southern US, they have found that cities become very hot in summer. For example, the city of Atlanta in Georgia has roof temperature of up to 50 while it is 27 in the streets

30、! At night, the outside of buildings stays so hot that the heat of the city causes storms over the city!China also has the same kind of problems. Every year more farmland is used for factories or offices. More housing is needed, too. As people become richer, they buy more cars. New roads are needed

31、and new car parks are built in the city centers. This all makes cities hotter.It isnt easy to change the situation. City planners say that we should plant more trees in the middle of cities. Every new street should have trees on both sides, they say. Trees make the temperature lower, so we should ha

32、ve more trees in our parks and squares. We should also paint our roofs white. If we do this, they do not become so hot. Every roof in a hot and sunny country should have solar roof panels. The electricity from these can be used to run the air conditioners in the buildings.People continue to cut down

33、 forests around the cities. This makes the problem worse. Cities are growing faster and faster. By the year 2025, four fifths of the population will be living in cities. If we go on like this, there will not be enough farmland to feed everyone in the world1: What is NOT the reason that makes cities

34、hotter?A. There are lots of stormsB. People need more housingC. More cars are boughtD. City centers have more roadsWhich is one way to make the city cooler?A. To plant more treesB. To use air conditioners moreC. To build more parks and squaresD. To paint the walls whiteWhat will probably happen in t

35、he future according to the fourth paragraph?A. Cities wont grow very fastB. We will not have enough foodC. Most people will move to the countrysideD. People will plant more trees outside the citiesWhat is the best title for the passage?A. More Farmland Is NeededB. Trees Make Cities CoolerC . Cities

36、Are Getting HotterD. Scientists Are Worried About Storms【答案】1.A 2.A3.B 4,C三、书面表达假如你是“保护动物协会”会员，请你根据下面的提示，以“Giant Pandas”为题写一篇短文。提示：1、大熊猫是黑白相间的，看上去像熊；2、生活在中国，以竹笋(bamboo shoot)和竹叶为主食；3、森林的数量越来越少，没有足够的食物吃，只有大约100只了；4、应采取的保护措施；5、假如再不采取措施，不久就可能有大熊猫了。【答案】Giant pandas are black and white animals. They look

37、 like bears. They live in China. They eat bamboo shoots and leaves. Sadly, giant pandas face serious problems in the wild. The forests are getting smaller and smaller. They dont have enough food to eat. There are only about a thousand giant pandas in the world now.We should take the following action

38、s to protect giant pandas: help pandas have more babies, build more panda reserves, make laws to protect pandas. If we do nothing, soon there may be none left in the world.3.1 may die without them.没有它们我也许会死的。(P56).【拓展】die vi. 一dead 一 dying adj. 一death n.1 .【辨析】die of 与 die from 的区别：die of指死于 外因 原因；d

39、ie from指死于 内因 。2 . without是介词，后加 动词ing 。标注：die vi.死一dead adj.死的 一 dying adj.快死的 一death n.死亡。dieof指死于疾病、衰老等自身的原因；diefrom指死于地震、交通事故、雷击等外部原因；死于饮酒、受 伤、劳累过度、饥饿、饥寒等两者皆可。without是介词，意为“没有”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。【典例讲解】例1.1 dont think he will die我认为他不会死。例 2. There is no smoke without fire.无风不起浪。【巩固练习】1 .用die, dead,

40、dying或death填空：The man in the accident. His sudden made his family very sad.Two women were in the room when the fire happened. One was and the other was and thedoctor was trying to save her.【答案】died death dead dying3 .They*re the kings of the animal worldo 它们是动物世界之王。(P57)the kings of的意思是“之王”。【典例讲解】例.

41、Tiger is the king of the forest.4 .This meanshopeo 它的意思是“希望”。(P58). mean可以用作及物动词，意为“ 意思指什么.【拓展】meaning是名词，意思是“意思；含义”。the meaning of意思是“。的含义It means hopel = Its meaning is hope”.6 .At four months old, she weighed about eight kilograms and started to go outside for the firsttime.在4个月大时，她大约8公斤重，并开始首次外出

42、。(P58)at four months old的意思是“在4个月大时”，在本句中作时间状语。“at十年龄”的意思是“在几岁的时候 ”，相当于at the age of，和“ when sb was+年龄其中介词at表示的是时间点，意思是指到四个月这个时间前后；而in four months则表示“四个后 ”，指的是整个时间段。1. for the first time 第一次【典例讲解】例 1. He learned to swim at eight years old.他在 8 岁时学会游泳。=He learned to swim when he was eight years old.

43、= He learned to swim at the age of eight.例 2. Were going on a school trip fbr the first time.例 3. When an American woman meets someone for the first time, she may offer her hand.7.Eight months later, she was not a small baby any more and weighed over 35 kilograms.)八个月以后，她不 再是一只幼熊猫，而且体重已超过35公斤。(P58)例

44、 1. They left China after a week.=A week later, they left China. 他们一周以后离开了 中国。例 2. Three days later, I will leave for Nanjing. = I will leave for Nanjing in three days.我将在三天以后去南京。 【巩固练习】He is in England now. Two years later, he(come) to China.1.1 (meet) her at the bus stop in an hour.2. After a year

45、s they(see) each other again.【答案】1. will come 2. will meet 3. saw8.However, the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller.然而，竹林变得越来越少。(P58)smaller and smaller的意思是“越来越小表示越来越”常用两种方法表示。more and more+形容词原级。形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级 o9.We should take action right away.我们应该立即采取措施。(P58)take action to do sth.

46、的意思是“ 采取行动做某事 ”,其中的action是不可数名词。【典例讲解】例 1 . Its time to take action.例 2.1 will take actions to help others.lO.If we do nothing, soon there may be none left!如果我们什么也不做，也许很快一只(大熊猫)都不剩! (P58)1 .none:可与of连用；谓语动词用单数、复数皆可；具体指没有人或物；一般用来回答how many+n【典例讲解】例1. None of us have/has seen him.我们中没有人见过他。例 2. -How m

47、any students are there in the room?房间里有多少学生？ None.一个也没有。例 3. Is there any water in the bottle?瓶子里有水吗？ None.没有。例 4. -How much money do you have on you?你身上有多少钱？ -None.一分也没有。【巩固练习】I want some coffee, but there is in the pot.A. no one B. something C. none D. Nothing【答案】cnothing:指物；谓语用单数；一般用来回答含anything的

48、一般疑问句及what引导的特殊疑问句。 【典例讲解】例1What is in the box?盒子里有什么？ -Nothing.什么也没有。例 2. - Is there anything in the sky?天上有什么吗？ - Nothing.什么也没有。例3. - Can you see anything without glasses?不戴眼镜你能看见什么吗？ 一Nothing什么也看不见。【巩固练习】)What else do you need for your trip?else. Fve packed everything.A. Nothing B. Anything C. None D. Something【答案】A.no one = nobody,只指人,意为“没有人”,不能指物，语气比none强，后面不能接of构成的短语。no one 作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数【典例讲解】例.No one/Nobody likes a p