初中英语教材解读人教九年级上册单元专题整合中考英语阅读解题技巧.docx

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1、中考英语复习专题之一选择答案型阅读理解解题思路与技巧学案同学们！初中生活即将结束，现在，我们正备战中考一信心满满！我们一定加油！我们一定会一一成功！成功是有方法的！今天，我们探讨一一选择答案型阅读理解解题思路与技巧！一、 南充中考英语阅读理解的命题特征近几年，南充中考英语命题发生了较大变化，阅读理解也呈现出了新的变化。看看下面特征：1 .题量与分值阅读文章4篇，每篇阅读文章设5个小题，共20小题；每题2分，总分40分。2 .题材、体裁与难度 A篇一般为表格类应用文，题目难度较小；B篇通常为人物故事类记叙文，难度 适中；C篇为社会文化、史地常识或科普知识类说明文，难度较大。3 .题型细节理解题细

2、节理解题主要从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。这类题目的答案一般都能在文章中直接找到。但是一定要注意捕捉准确的信息，进行理解分析，去伪存真。主旨归纳题 主旨归纳题所提问题主要涉及文章的中心思想、主要内容、标题等。同学们要善于捕捉 文章中出现频率较高的中心词汇和段落的主题句。在选择文章的最佳标题时，要注意语言方面的特点一一题目 往往具有凝练、醒目的特点。推理判断题 推理判断题重点考查学生的逻辑思维能力，如人物的心理、故事的结局、文章的寓意、 作者的态度或倾向等。推理判断题的答案往往不会出现在文章的字面上，必须依据已有信息来进行推理，不能脱 离原文去主观臆断。 词义猜测题 词义猜测题旨在考

3、查学生在特定语境中理解词（词语、句子）的能力。解答这类题目，必 须认真阅读文章，通过上下文的联系，结合已有的知识猜测其在具体语境中的含义。*通过因果猜词；通 过同义词和反义词的关系猜词；通过构词法猜词；通过定义或释义关系来推测词义；通过句法功能来 推测词义； 通过描述猜词。 图表说命题 这是近几年比较受欢迎的一个题型。这类题目看起来有点复杂，但是都不会太难，仔细 阅读，都可以在表格内找到解决问题的信息。应特别细心。二、 选择答案型阅读理解的解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数,有的放矢。（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全文大意，注意发现与问题有关的信息。再把标题和

4、文章内容结合起来想一想， 这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容，这是解题的关键。1 .抓住事件，时间，地点，原因，经过，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接的问题便可解决。2 .抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了 解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等，都有举足轻重的作用。3 .注意领会文章的寓意。4 .根据题意，初选答案。（四）重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。如果时间允许，再重读原文，用全文的主题思想思考各题。三、 选择答案型阅读理解的解题技巧阅读文章的考查，常常考查读者对文章的关键信息的理解

5、，即对文章中心思想的理解。下面分析快速捕捉信 息、准确锁定答案的方法。1从篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处找答案。做好一篇阅读理解文章，首先是把握 文章的主题中心，而文章的主题句往往会出现在篇首尾或段首尾。2从转折处找答案。文章作者往往会借用转折词来引出某项重要的事实或观点，转折词之后的内容往往表达的是作者真实的观点。如but , however, yet , otherwise, though, although等。3从对比、比较处找答案。阅读文章常用对比的手法来表达作者的观点,比如新与旧、好与坏、是与非、 善与恶、正确与错误等，前后的词有明显的对比关系。4从并列、列举、举例处找答案。明显的标志是f

6、or example , such as , like , as等5从指代关系处找答案。为了简单明了地表达事物及逻辑关系，文章有时利用各种代词来代替上文或下 文提到过的人、物和事。6从文章观点、态度处找答案。解题时要留意文章出现的think, Nuess , argue , believe , against .7从因果关系处找答案。能够体现因果关系的词语有because , since , as , so , for等8从特殊句式、复杂句式处找答案。阅读理解常常考查倒装句、虚拟语气以及一些特殊结构的句式， 包括插入语、同位语、从句、非谓语动词短语等。同学们要注意弄清句子的层次逻辑关系。9从特

7、殊标点处找答案。这类信息有同位语、下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下文以及标点 符号。10从引言处找答案。作者在论证自己的观点或阐述问题时常会引用其他人或组织机构的论断。*选择答案型阅读理解的解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全文大意，注意发现与问题有关的信息。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容，这是解题的关键。（四）重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。嬴*选择答案型阅读理解的解题技巧1从篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处找答案。2从转折处找答案。3从对比、比较处找答案。4从并列、列举、举例处找答案。5从指代关系处找答案。6从文章观点、态度处

8、找答案。7从因果关系处找答案。8漏臻蔽、食秦句式处找答案。9从特殊标点处找答案。10从引言处找答案。四、实战训练A (南充)There are five exchange students in Zhao Huas class . Here is some information about them .A In November .C In December .)2. Where does PaulB In September D In October come from ?NameNationalityDate of birthHobbyDreamMariaCanadaPiano, Bas

9、ketballTeacherTimFranceTennis, DrawingPilotKatieAmericaReading, SwimmingEngineerPaulGermanyDancing, SoccerScientistJamesAustraliaDrawing, Volleyba 11Doctor)1. When can Zhao Hua have a birthday party for Maria and James ?B France .A Australia .C CanadaD Germany)3. If Zhao Hua wants to learn French ,

10、who can help her ?A Tim . B Maria C JamesD Katie)4.Whatdoes Katiewant to be?A Ateacher BA pilot CAnengineer D A doctor)5.Whatdo all ofthem like ?A Sport B Music C ArtD ReadingB (-南充)We moved away from my grandmother when I was eight years old .I missed hera lot . I was her favorite granddaughter and

11、 she was my favorite grandma .Two years later my mother and father separated and soon divorced .I felt asif my world was falling apart . I lived with mother for a time , next door to my grandma and grandpa in an apartment while my father was away during World War II .Grandma never had much in the wa

12、y of money or material things . But it was the little things she gave me that letme feel warm , like lettingme dipmyfingersin the sugar bowl , letting me sipthe coffee from her cup orallowingmeto siton the table as I had meals .Thoughshedidnt havemuch , she did something formy brotherand me . Iwill

13、always remember she saved hercoins in a glass jar . Ithoughtmygrandmacould haveusedthese coinsherself , but she saved themto give uswhen we cameto visit her .I dont remember how much we collected on our visits , nor was the amount important . It was the idea that she remembered us , and cared about

14、us when we were away from her .()6. What happened to the writer when she was eight years old ?AShemovedawayfromhergrandma.BShemovedawayfromherparents.CShelivedwithhergrandparents .DShelivedwithheraunt.()7. What does the underlined word “ divorced mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2 ?A和好 B 打架 C离婚 D生气()8.

15、The writers grandma allowed her to do many things . Which of thefollowing is not mentioned ?A The writer could dip her fingers in the sugar bowl .B The writerwasallowedtosip the coffee from her grandmascup .C The writer could sit on the table while having meals .D The writerwasallowedtocollected coi

16、ns in a glass jar.()9. For whom did the writers grandma save her coins ?AForhersonBForthe grandchildrenCForthepoorDForherself()10.Whatcanwe learnfromthepassage ?A The writer disliked her childhood .B The writer complained about her parents .CThewritermissedher grandmaso much .DThewriterwantedto have

17、 hergrandmasmoney .C (一福州)as the basic parts of a smart city .Haveyou noticed your life becomingalittleeasier ? Now , whenyougo to acertainshopping mall , you can enjoyitsfreeWi-Fi there . When youwantto takea taxi, you can book one with yourphone .In fact , all therecanbe seenThe idea of asmart cit

18、y wasbrought upbythe US companyIBM in 2023 .Generally , a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improvecity planning ,save moneyandresources , andmake our lifeconvenient . How smart can a city be ? Here are great examples that we can learn from .In 2023 , Dubuqu

19、e became the first smart city in the US . The city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water meters . They can detect (探测) water waste and leakage (泄漏) and send data to let the house owner know The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas , T

20、his way , people knowhow theyuse their resourcesand are glad to help reducewaste.Santanderin Spainalso gives us alook at the future . Ifpeople point aphone towarda nearbybus stop , thephone immediately shows allbus lines thatserve the stopas wellas theirarrival times . The governmentorganizedaresear

21、ch team and provided an App (应用程序)that collects data on almost everything :light , temperature ,and themovementsof carsand people Opening theApp nearasupermarket provides immediate information on special offers () to the passage , which of the following is RIGHT ?technologies are used in smart citie

22、s .B. An English company first raised the idea of a smart city . smart city is mainly made up of free Wi-Fi and phones .D A smart city is still an idea and hasnt come into being . ()underlined word “convenient” is the closest in meaning to “”A useful B normal C suitable D easy()13. Compared to tradi

23、tional water meters , smart water meters do betterin .A cleaning water B supplying water C saving water D producing water ()14. The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in aspectsEXCEPT A business B health C traffic controlling D public transportation ()15. Whats the main idea of the

24、passage ?A Digital technologies help improve city planning .B Smartcities willmakeourfuture life better and smarter .C Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander .D Spainand the UStaketheleading position in building smartcities .巩固作业：D (南京)In todays world , many people seem to be hun

25、gry for money . Some of them even lose their lives for it . Money does have its most useful effect (影响)on the poor . But even if a person has already got plenty of money , he may not be happy If money was everything , all millionaires would have true love , true friendship ,goodhealth and a long lif

26、e . However , this isnotalways true .Nothingelseis more pleasant than the three words whichare“ I love you”.But can love be bought ? Im afraid not . Love means to give , not to take . To every person , health andlong lifeare probablythemost precious (宝贵的)things.Well, can health and a long life be bo

27、ught with money ? The answer is No”Of all the longest livingpeople inthe world ,fewof them are millionaires.True friendshipcantbe bought either. In a word ,wheremoney is worshiped (崇拜)，money can cause brothers to quarrel , lovers to hate , strangers to fight and so on . No matter howmuchmoney you ha

28、ve , it is still notenoughto make you a happyperson if you have no one to laugh with , no one to cry for .() to the passage , which of the following do you think is right ?A Money is everythingB Money isnt necessaryC Money is important , but not the most important . D With no money , with no success

29、 .()s the most important thing for every person according to the writer ?A Only money .B Health and a long lifeC Only friendshipD A , B and C .() of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage ?A If you havent much money , you cant get more happiness .B You may live a long life even if

30、you are poor .C Every year many people die in the world because their family is poor.D If you are rich ,you will have less friendship.()19. In fact , many millionaires .A have true friendship B die early C have good health D have true love () does the sentence “Love means to give , not to take . “mean ?A爱意味着给你，而不能带走。B爱是可以得到的，不要走开。C爱意味着奉献，而不是索取。D爱是可以索取的，而不必付出。同学们：在中考中，要取胜英语，重点在阅读理解，关键也在阅读理解。今天，我们探讨了： 1.南充中考英语阅读理解的命题特征。2.选择答案型阅读理解的解题思路。3 .中考英语阅读理解解题技巧并加以了训练。总之，同学们，加油！