河南省名校联盟2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语Word版含答案.docx

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1、河南名校联盟2020-2021学年高二（下）期末考试英语试卷考生注意：1 .本试卷共8页。时间100分钟，满分120分。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号填写在 试卷指定位置,并将姓名、考场号,座位号,考生号填写在答题卡上,然后认真核对条形码上的 信息，并将条形码君贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡.上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。作答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题 区域内。写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并收回。第I卷（选择题，共70分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

2、 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABritains brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and arc always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges arc now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescrib

3、ed by its legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling*5, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the l,352ft-Jong toll（收费）bridge over the Avon Gorge.The 1 toll for every journey pays for its repair. The histor

4、y of the bridge, dating back to 1864,is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009

5、. It is particularly spectacular（壮观）at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights ,their reflection in （he water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons

6、 of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, its a popular tourist attraction, as well as a英语答案I.D 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.B 12.D13.A 14.C I5.B 16.F 17.D 18.E 19.A 20.C21.C 22.A23.B 24.B25.D 26.C 27.A 28

7、.B 29.D 30.C 3 l.D 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.A 36.D37.C 38.A39.B 40.C第一部分阅读理解第一节A【文章大意】本文是应用文。英国有很多美丽的桥，它们促进贸易，联通城市，方便交通，都是值得去旅 游的好景点。本文介绍了其中四座桥。1 .【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章对四座桥的历史介绍可知，Iron Bridge的历史追溯到1781年，是四座桥里 面最古老的。2 .【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的It is particularly spectacular at night可知，Infinily Bridge在夜晚 显得特别壮观

8、，因此，晚上参观它更让人感觉震撼。3 .【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章对这两座桥叙述中的The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864.以及More than 120 years old, it,s a popular tourist attraction.可知，这两座桥都有超过 120 年的历史了。B【文章大意】本文是记叙文。Hayley Arceneaux是一位抗癌成功女性，现在她有望成为美国进入太空最年 轻的纪录持有者。这次太空之旅是由富商Jared Isaacman赞助及组织的，旨在为慈善机构筹集资金。4 .【答案】D【解析】推理判

9、断题。根据文章首段中的最后一句及第二段中的第一句可知，Hayley Arceneaux现在29 岁，而她将比H前的纪录保持者Sally Ride早两年多，因此Sally Ride当时上太空时最可能是32岁。5 .【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章首段中的最后一句、第五段中的Arceneaux wants to show her young patients 及第六段中的 The hospital chose Arceneaux from among its many workers 可知，Arceneaux 是 St. Jude 儿童研 究医院的一名助理医生，故选C项。6 .【答案】B【解

10、析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的最后一句及第六段中的Isaacman announced his space flightFebruary I , promising to raise S200 million for St. Jude 可知，Isaacman 是想通过这次太空之旅为 St. Jude 医 院筹集资金。7 .【答案】D（解析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的 The idea was that one of them could represent the new generation 可知, Arceneaux被医院选中是考虑到她能代表新一代人。C【文章大意】本文是说明文。因为偷

11、猎和栖息地的丧失，非洲两个物种的大象已经遭受严重威胁，处于灭 绝的边缘。木文报道这个事实以唤醒人类的注意。8 .【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and the African savanna elephant as endangered可知，相比于濒危的稀树草原象，非洲森林大象被列为极度濒危 物种，因此它们的情况更为糟糕。9 .【答案】C【解析】词义推测题。本句意为“因为它们的栖息地被改造为耕地或其他用途，因而非洲大象面临持续的 栖息地的丧失”

12、。故选C项。10 .【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的 concern for Africas elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals and their habitats is severer than ever 可知, 作者认为人们对非洲大 象的处境表示担忧，作者对它们的现状也感到担忧。11 .【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章首段便介绍新闻报道的内容:因为偷猎和栖息地的丧失，非洲两个物种的大象已 经遭受严重威肋”处于灭绝的边缘。因此B项为本

13、文的中心大意；A项是说偷猎和栖息地的丧失会使大象 灭绝，范围太大了，应该是非洲大象；CD两项是本文中的某方面内容或写作意图，不是本文主旨。D【文章大意】本文是说明文。一家中国太空采矿公司设计了一种机器人，它可以通过一张大网捕获航天器 在外太空留下的废弃物质。该机器人连同几颗卫星一起搭载中国政府的长征6号火箭发射升空。12 .【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章首段内容和第三段中的But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-OI will use a net to capture waste可知，NEO-OI这款机器人主要是用来捕获太空垃

14、圾的。13 .【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 China was increasing efforts to land a spacecraft on a ncar-Earth asteroid to collect materials可知，中国正在加大努力让航天器登陆近地小行星以收集材料。14 .【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 Thousands of satellites have been launched worldwide. As they are used for too long, many end up as waste可知，全球已经发射了成千

15、上万颗卫星。随着它们的寿命超出使用 期限，大多数最终会成为太空垃圾。故选C项。15 .【答案】B【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要是报道了一家中国太空采矿公司设计了一种机器人，它可以通过一张大网 捕获航天器在外太空留下的废弃物质。因此B项为最佳标题。第二节【文章大意】本文是说明文。NFT,全称为Non-Fungible Token,指非同质化代币，是用于表示数字资产的 唯一加密货币令牌。NFT可以买卖，就像有形资产一样。本文介绍了几个关于NFT技术方面的几个基本 情况。16 .【答案】F【解析】根据上下文语境可知，此处为过渡句，承接上一句的问题，引出下文的介绍。17 .【答案】D解析根据前一句 NF

16、T stands for non-fungible token 和后一句 It is based on a technology called blockchain 可知，此处主语NFT和It以及D项中的It是一致的。18 .【答案】E【解析】根据本段标题可知，本段介绍NFT的具体所指；再根据后一句的主语They可知，They就是指 代E项中的NFTs。19 .【答案】A【解析】本空处是和上一句对比的，上一句叙述的是传统的艺术形式，因此本空选A项“但是数码艺术是 不一样的二20 .【答案】C【解析】此处考查本段小标题。根据本段首句It is too early to say if NFTs a

17、re good investments.可知,C项 为本段最佳标题。第二部分语言知识运用第一节【文章大意】本文是记叙文。作者从小受外婆和妈妈的熏陶，学会了保存和充分利用剩菜而不浪费。作者 在以后的生活中从不浪费，认为我们要尊重所有的劳动成果。21 .【答案】C【解析】上一句中作者说从没记得过妈妈和外婆浪费过食物。因此，本句意为：我们每顿饭没吃的东西都 被保存（saved）,储存起来，并作为剩菜后期使用。全文主题就是保存并储存食物而不浪费。22 .【答案】A【解析】此处是作者依旧记得（remember）外婆是怎样处理剩菜的。后面的And I also remember when也是 提示。23

18、.【答案】B【解析】我们会一直吃，直到吃饱（full）为止，但总是剩下大约一半的豆子。24 .【答案】B【解析】每次虽然我们都吃饱L但还是剩下（left over）大约一半的豆子。25 .【答案】D【解析】几天后，外婆将这些豆子（beans）从冰箱中取出，煮意大利面，加入香菜，将它们混合在一起，制 成美味的意大利面食。此处考查的是上下文信息重现。26 .【答案】C【解析】外婆把豆子，意大利面和香菜混合（mix）在一起，制成了意大利面食。27 .【答案】A【解析】我还记得当我早上看（watched）妈妈为我们煎培根时，她总是拿起黄油，小心地（carefully）将其倒 入一个容器中。28 .【答

19、案】B【解析】妈妈在制作食物时，把黄油倒入容器的动作自然是小心翼翼地。29 .【答案】D【解析】然后她以后将用（use）它来调味许多其他菜肴。30 .【答案】C【解析】我很好地学习了她们的课（lessons ）,也就是她们的经验，长大后也不想自己浪费（waste）食物。31 .【答案】D【解析】作者学习外婆和妈妈的经验做法，那自然是不浪费食物。32 .【答案】A【解析】我总是提前计划（planned）一周的饭菜，只买了购物清单（lisl）上的东西，所以没有浪费。33 .【答案】B【解析】只购买清单上的东西就不会浪费了。34 .【答案】D【解析】每顿饭（meal）都进了我们的胃，即使有剩菜也会被

20、我，我的孩子们或我的狗吃掉。35 .【答案】A【解析】对我来说，把食物扔进垃圾桶是错误的（wrong）。根据文章内容可知，作者是非常反对浪费的。36 .【答案】D【解析】种植、收获和准备它所花费的所有工作都必须得到尊重（honored ）,不能白白浪费。37 .【答案】C【解析】但是，这些年来，我学到了（ learned ）其他东西。根据someihing else可知，此处和上一段句首中的 I learned their lessons well 相照应。38 .【答案】A【解析】在生活（living）方面，没有剩菜。根据后面的叙述可知，作者是对生活的认识。39 .【答案】B【解析】您没有珍

21、惜的每一刻都永远消失了（lost）。根据语境可知，生活无法保存，不生活，生活就会永远 消失。40 .【答案】C【解析】生活无法保存（stored）。作者拿食物保存不浪费和生活无法保存作对比，告诉我们必须要珍惜生活。第二节【文章大意】本文是说明文。锻炼身体有时候是一件令人乏味的事情。但是，它却是增强健康的有益生活 方式。我们应该坚持每口锻炼身体。41 .【答案】especially【解析】考查副词。此处修饰后面的句子，引出下文，因此使用副词形式。42 .【答案】silling【解析】考查动名词。此处为固定结构spend time （in ） doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”之意。43

22、.【答案】scolded【解析】考查过去分词。此处考查get done这一结构，表示被动关系。44 .【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。此处锻炼是一种健康的方式，表示泛指，故填不定冠词a。45 .【答案】helps【解析】考查动词。上下文语境为一般现在时，且动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。46 .【答案】stronger【解析】考查形容词。根据句子前面的more often和空前的much可知，此处形容词要使用比较级形式。47 .【答案】out【解析】考查副词。此处为固定搭配work out有“锻炼”之意。48 .【答案】memories【解析】考查名词。根据前面的a great number

23、 of可知，memory使用复数形式。49 .【答案】that【解析】考查连词。此处为that引导的主语从句，句中的it为形式主语。50 .【答案】to find【解析】考查动词不定式。还有一些科学家研究太空中的宇航员的目的是查明人类是如何在地球上以及远 离地球时保持健康。此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语。第三部分写作第一节Yesterday my daughter was working at McDonalds while a lovely old couple brought theirwhengrandchildren in for a meal. She served them at

24、once and when they finished a grandfatherthewalked back and asked how many two ice creams were. She told him two ice creams will be muchwould$ 1.40. He sighed but said, Thats OK. I dont have enough. The little kids face fell. My andfaces17-ycar-old daughter said, Thats OK. Ill pay fbr上The old man ca

25、me back after the kidsthemhad finished and (hanked her Dolite and (old her it made his heart burst. It was only $1.40 politelybut Im so proud A my daughter, of第二节书面表达One possible version:Dear Jonah,How are you? Im writing to share my favorite book with you.My favorite book is called Howe to Improve

26、English Writing, the color of whose cover is white and yellow. It has 126 pages. Its a birthday gift from my sister.Last term I did poorly in an important English test. One of the biggest reasons was that I got poor marks in the writing part. I was very upset. It was my sister who sent me this book

27、and encouraged me to improve my writing. From then on I spent more time on writing. Thanks to the book, I have made great progress in writing. I love this book.Best wishes!Yours,Li Huafunctional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through theGlas

28、s Floor.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the crat of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shro

29、pshire.1. Which bridge has the longest history?A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.B. Infinity Bridge.C. Tower Bridge.D. Iron Bridge.2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A. People can just walk on it.B. The public give it two names.C. Its well worth visiting at night.D. Its arch is the biggest on the

30、earth.3. What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and lower Bridge have in common?A. They are both over 120 years old.B. Visitors should pay for passing them.C. They have the same original design.D. Visitors can have a good view of London on them.BAfter beating bone canccr,Haylcy Arceneaux thinks rocketing

31、 into orbit on SpaccXs first private flight should be no problem at all. St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital announced thc29-ycar-old doctors assistant will rocket into space later this year.Arceneauxa former patient at St. Jude-will become the youngest American in space, beating NASA record-holder

32、 Sally Ride by over two years. She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, who is using the spaceflight he bought to raise money fbr charity.When she was 10, Arceneaux had an operation at St. Jude to replace her knee and a piece of metal was put in her left leg. She still limps and has occasion

33、al leg pain.“My battle with cancer really prepared me fbr space travel,v she recently told The Associated Press. It made me tough, and then also I think it really taught me to expect the unexpected and go along fbr the ride.”Arceneaux wants to show her young patients and other cancer survivors that

34、t4the sky is not even the limit anymore. Its going to mean so much to these kids to see a survivor in space,“ she said.Isaacman announced his space flight on February 1, promising to raise $200 million fbr St. Jude. He will provide half of the amount himself. As the flights self-appointed commander,

35、 he offered one of the four seats aboard SpaccXs Dragon spacecraft to St. Jude. The hospital chose Arceneaux from among its many workers whohad once been patients. The idea was that one of them could represent the new generation, noted Rick Shadyac, president of St. Judes financing organization.A li

36、felong space fan who loves adventures, Arceneaux has traveled widely and loves rollercoasters. Isaacman, who flics fighter airplanes for fun, considers her a perfect fit.The launch is planned for this fall at NASAs Kennedy Space Center, with the space craftorbiting Earth for two to four days.4. How

37、old was Sally Ride probably when she was first in space?A.12.B. 27.5. What do we know about Arceneaux?A. She had a car accident.C. She is a worker at St. Jude.6. Why did Isaacman plan the space flight?A. To fly just for fun.C. To purchase a spaceship-Why was Arceneaux chosen for the space travel?A.

38、She is a hero in beating cancer.C. She is adventurous and a space fan.C. 29.D. 32.B. She was a survivor in space.D. She wants to raise money.B. To raise money for St. Jude.D. To inspire more space fans.B. She has experienced the space flight.D. She can stand for the new generation.CPoaching（偷猎）and h

39、abitat loss have threatened Africas two species of elephants, taking them closer toward the edge of extinction, according to a new report released by the International Union for Conservation of Nature （IUCN）.Before this update, Africas elephants were grouped together and were evaluated as vulnerable

40、（脆弱的）by the IUCN. This is the first time the two species have been classified separately. In the past, elephants were mostly considered as either Asian elephants or African elephants. Forest and savanna elephants were typically classified as subspecies of African elephants.The African forest elephan

41、t is now listed as critically endangered and the African savanna elephant as endangered. The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a31 -year assessment period. The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60%over the last 50 years, according to the IUCN, wh

42、ich tracks the assessment risk of the worlds animals. Africa currently has an estimated 415.000 elephants, counting the two species together.Both elephant species experienced significant population decreases because of poaching. Although it peaked in 2011, illegal hunting still happens and continues

43、 to threaten elephant populations. African elephants also face continued habitat loss as their land is converted for agriculture or other uses.There is some good conservation news, the IUCN points out. Anti-poaching measures, combined with better land use planning to support better human-wildlife re

44、lationships, have helped conservation efforts. Some forest elephant population figures have stabilized in well-managed arc as in Gabon and the Republic of Congo and savanna population figures have remained stable or have been growing, particularly in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Ar

45、ea in southern Africa.But with persistent demand for ivory and increasing human pressures on Africas wild lands, concern for Africas elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals and their habitats is severer than ever.7. Which of the following can describe A

46、frican forest elephants?A. Their situation is even worse.B. They are divided into two kinds.C. Theyre under threat due to poaching only.D. Their population has grown in Gabon.8. What does the underlined word “converted“ in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Expanded.B. Accumulated.C. Transformed.D. Classi

47、fied.9. Whats the authors attitude to the present situation of African elephants?A. Uninterested.B. Optimistic.C. Uncertain.D. Worried.10. Whats the main idea of the text?A. Poaching and habitat loss will make elephants extinct.B. Both of Africas elephant species are now endangered.C. More and more

48、African elephants are being illegally hunted.D. More measures should be taken to protect African elephants.DA Chinese space mining company has designed a robot that can capture waste material left behind by spacecraft in outer space with a big net.The state-run Xinhua news agency recently reported that the robot launched on the governments Long March 6 rocket along with several satellites. The robot will also investigate deep space to observe small objects in the universe. The 30-kilogram robot, called NEO-01. was develo