湖南省长沙市浏阳市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含解析.docx

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1、2022年高二下学期期末考试试卷英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers doing?A.Buying vegetables. B.Preparing fbr a party. C.Eating out.2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Fatiicr

2、 and daughter B.Husband and wife. C.Teacher and student.3. How has the woman gone back home recently?A.By bus. B.By car. C.By subway.4. Where is Jack now?A.In Birmingham. B.In Leeds. C.In Detroit.5. What problems do Mikes parents have?A.Mental problems. B. Financial problems. C.Physical problems.第二节

3、（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，井标在试卷的相应位置。听年段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7即。6. What docs the man suggest Alice do?A.Eat food high in fibre.B.Stop having hamburgers.C.Make an exercise plan.7. What docs Alice like eating?

4、A.Fried chicken.B. Beans. C.Com.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. What can we learn about Mr Thomas? extremes of floods. The introduction of these genes into high-yield varieties, using advanced breeding strategies, promises to improve the quality and quantity of rice. he said.12. What can readers know about SNORKE

5、L genes?A. They make rice become ripe within a shorter time.B. They make rice grow tall enough to survive in deep water.C. They help rice grow stronger whatever the areas and the climate.D. They prevent rice from being attacked by various insects.13. What will happen to the rice with the special gen

6、e, according to the text?A. It will be helpful for Northeast Asia.B. It will be softer than regular rice.C. It will be widely planted all over the world.D. It will increase the production of rice.14. What does the underlined word projected“ in Paragraph 6th probably mean?A. Loose.B. Remarkable.C. Pl

7、anned.D. Complicated.15. What is the purpose of the text?A. To introduce a scientific research finding.B. To analyze a scientific experiment result,To discuss a plant developing effort.C. To guide the development of agriculture.【答案】12.B13. D 14. C 15. A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一组日本科学家的科学研究发现，他们发现了能使水稻

8、在高 水位下生存的基因，为受洪水影响的低地地区有更好的水稻产量提供了希望。【12题详解】细节理解题。 根据第段 “ A team of Japanese scientists has discovered genes that enable rice to survive high water, providing hope for better rice production in lowland areas that are affected by flooding.（一组日本科学家 发现了使水稻能够在高水位生存的基因，为受洪水影响的低地地区有更好的水稻产量提供了希望）”以及 第二段 “T

9、he genes, called SNORKEL genes, help rice grow longer stems to deal with higher water levels, 基因被称为SNORKEL基因，帮助水稻长出更长的茎，以应对更高的水位）”可知，SNORKEL基因能帮 助水稻的茎长得更高，即使长在深水区域，也能存活下来。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 “But the researchers report they have succeeded in introducing the genes to rice varieties that are highe

10、r-yield.（但研究人员报告说，他们已经成功地将这些基因引入了产量更高的水稻品 种）” 以及第三段 “When the researchers introduced the genes into rice that does not normally survive in deep water, they were able to rescue the plants from drowning.（当研究人员将这种基因引入通常不能在深水中生存 的水稻中时，他们能够将这些溺水的植物拯救出来）”可知，有这种基因的水稻能在深水区生存下来，水 稻存活率高了，水稻产量也会相应提高。故选D项。【14题详

11、解】词句猜测题。根据第七段 “ Rice is a main food fbr billions, and while productivity has increased dramatically since the 1960s, yields must be doubled to meet projected requirements by 2050.（大米是数十亿人的主要食物， 自20世纪60年代以来，大米产量大幅提高，但到2050年，产量必须翻一番才能满足projected的需求）” 中的by 2050可知,此处指“预计需求”。A.loose零散的;B.remarkable引人注目的;

12、C.planned期待 的；D. complicated复杂的。由此可知，propected与planned意思相近。故选C项。【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段 u A team of Japanese scientists has discovered genes that enable rice to survive high water, providing hope fbr better rice production in lowland areas that are affected by flooding.(组 日本科学家发现了使水稻在高水位下生存的基因，这为受洪

13、水影响的低地地区提高水稻产量带来了希 望）”可知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一项科学研究发现。故选A项。第二节（共5小题;每小题25分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to maintain your privacy online?Some of us like to keep some things private-maybe we dont want people to know about our relationship status, our age or where we live - because these

14、 details are personal 16On our social medial accounts, we often display things like our opinions, connections and holidayphotos. 17? Maybe we dont want a random stranger to know our favorite type of coffee. And cookies there was a time they were just something nice to eat. Now they seem to be poppin

15、g up on websites. So how can you stay more private?18 First、on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms allow everything to be visible by default, and the responsibility is on you to set your boundaries. And limiting the amount you share isnt only confined

16、 to social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents 一 so a good tip may be to not put anything too private, like passwords, on there. One errant click may send it to the wrong person.Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing experience by tracking and savin

17、g information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions. Deleting your browsing history may help, 19So if you want to maintain your privacy online, maybe only share things youd be happy with a stranger seeing - and if you dont feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide t

18、o invest in some tech to block them 20 just dont accept them and visit another site and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead? A. If thats not enoughThere are some steps you can takeB. It is very important to solve the problemsThe issue is, how do we stop everybody seeing everythingC. but there

19、 are certain apps which can block them if you dont feel comfortableIn other words, youd better not surf online in the public Internet barD. The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint 【答案】16.G17. D 18. B 19. E 20. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何在网上保护隐私提出了一些建议和步骤。【16题详解】根据上

20、文 “ Some of us like to keep some things private-maybe we dont want people to know about our relationship status, our age or where we live because these details are personal.（我们中的些人喜欢保留 些隐私一一也许我们不想让别人知道我们的感情状况、我们的年龄或我们住在哪里一一因为这些细节是 私人的）”可知，上文提到了我们不想让别人知道的信息，本句为本段最后一句，说明问题所在：无论我 们上网到哪里，我们似乎都会留下数字足迹。故G

21、选项问题是，无论我们上网到哪里，我们似乎都会 留下数字足迹”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文 “On our social medial accounts, we often display things like our opinions, connections and holiday photos.（在我们的社交媒体账户上，我们经常展示自己的观点、人际关系和度假照片）”以及后文“Maybe we dorTt want a random stranger to know our favorite type of coffee.（也许我们不想让个陌生人知道我们最 喜欢的咖啡类型）”可

22、知，上文提到我们喜欢在社交媒体分享一些东西，后文提到我们不想让一个陌生人 知道我们最喜欢的咖啡类型，可见存在的问题是不想让不认识的人了解我们发布在网上的信息。故D选 项“问题是，我们如何阻止每个人看到所有的东西”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据后文 “First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings.Many social media platforms allow everything to be visible by default, and the responsibility is on you to

23、 set your boundaries. And limiting the amount you share isnt only confined to social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents - so a good tip may be to not put anything too private, like passwords, on there. One errant click may send it to the wrong person.（首先，在你的社交媒体账户

24、上，检查你的隐私设置。许多社交媒体平台默认允 许所有内容都是可见的，你有责任设定你的界限。限制分享的数量并不仅限于社交媒体。有很多网站可 以帮助你分享文件，所以一个好的建议是不要在上面放任何太私人的东西，比如密码。一个错误的点击 可能会把它发送给错误的人）”可知，后文提到了一些保护隐私的步骤。本句总起下文，提出有可以采取 的步骤。故选B项“你可以采取一些步骤”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文 Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing experience by tracking and saving informati

25、on about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions. Deleting your browsing history may help（最后，cookie旨在通过跟踪和保存您访问网站的信息来改善您的浏览体验，帮助个性化您的会话。 删除你的浏览记录可能会有所帮助）”可知，上文提到了 cookie的作用，且前半句提到了删除浏览记录， 可知本句是在说明不想让cookie跟踪和保存网址信息的情况。故E选项“但如果你觉得不舒服，有些应 用程序可以阻止它们”符合语境，故选E。20题详解】根据上文 “ So if you w

26、ant to maintain your privacy online, maybe only share things youd be happy with a stranger seeing and if you dont feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech toblock them（因此，如果你想在网上保护自己的隐私，可能只分享你愿意让陌生人看到的东西一一如果你对cookie感到不舒服，你可能会决定投资一些技术来屏蔽它们）”以及后文“just dont accept them and

27、 visit another site 一 and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead?（不要接受他们，访问其他地点为什么不吃一块美味的饼干呢？）”可知，本句属于过渡句，指出上文的做法如果无效的话，可以采取访问其它地 点的做法。故A选项“如果这还不够的话”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In one Nebraska teen running race

28、before graduating from high school, Brandon Schutts personal best turned out not to be about marking the fastest time but displaying the biggest heart.During the race, he knew he had the 21 o qualify for the upcoming state meet, so he slowed to acomfortable pace that would allow him to simply enjoy

29、the moment and the day. Meanwhile, aiming to22 his own personal record, after a fast start, Blake Cerveny continued to push himself 23 .With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny got a cramp(口 口)in his legs and they failed him. 24 to finish, Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to 25 ag

30、ain after another 150 meters.and again. This time hed made it only 25 meters more before going down. With great 26 ,the young runner pulled himself up and with an unsteady pace, moved forward fbr one final push. It wasnt enough. Less than 100 meters from the finish line, he lay curled( n)on the grou

31、nd. His legs had simply 27Brandon Schutt, who was at his side, 28 a helping hand. His first attempt to get Cerveny up29 .but like Cerveny, he too refused to give up. With a second hard 30 Cerveny was on his feet. With Cerveny holding Schutt fbr support and Schutt helping Cerveny maintain balance, th

32、e two 31 the final 75 meters. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his 32 a faster time.In todays competitive world in which the emphasis in 33 is so often put on breaking records, it is 34 to see that fbr an athlete like Brandon Schutt, the value of true

33、sportsmanship still has legs. And fbr others, like Blake Cerveny, knowing that finishing the race, no matter the odds or adversity, is the true 35of a win.21. A. potential22. A. witness23. A. severely24. A. Enthusiastic25. A. stop26. A. courage27. A. given out28. A. expected29. A. arouse30. A. pull3

34、1. A. highlighted32. A. enemy33. A. finance34. A. inspiring35. A. preparationB. requirementC. ambitionD. priorityB. boostC. keepD. breakB. hardC. gentlyD. downB. DevotedC. DeterminedD. DesperateB. fallC. pauseD. freezeB. confidenceC. patienceD. effortB. sprung upC. got downD. come aboutB. offeredC.

35、threwD. extendedB. decreasedC. tailedD. backfiredB. restoreC. adjustmentD. limitB. attendedC. tackledD. completedB. contemporaryC.opponentD. fellowB. athleticsC. industryD. advertisingB. conventionalC. optimisticD. gratefulB. memoryC. successD. meaning【答案】2LA22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B

36、 29. C 30. A 31.D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在高中毕业前的一场内布拉斯加州青少年跑步比赛中，布 兰登舒特的个人成绩虽然不是最好的，但帮助竞争对手布莱克塞尔维尼冲向终点的行为展示了真正 的体育精神。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在比赛中，他知道自己有可能获得即将到来的州赛的资格，所以他放慢了速 度，让他能够简单地享受这一刻和这一天。A. potential潜能；B. requirement要求；C.ambition抱负；D. priority优先权。根据后文to qualify for the upco

37、ming state meetv知道自己有获得州赛资格的潜能。故选 A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时: 为了打破自己的个人记录，在快速起步后，布雷克塞尔维尼继 续努力。A. witness 目击；B. boost 推动；C. keep 保持；D. break 打破。根据下文“after a fast start, Blake Cerveny continued to push himself ”可知，布雷克塞尔维尼快速起步，持续推进，因此他的目标是打破(break)记录。故选D项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时: 为了打破自己的个人记录，在快速起步后，布雷克

38、塞尔维尼继 续努力。A. severely严重地；B. hard努力地；C. gently温和地；D. down向下的。根据上文“aiming to3 his own personal record可知，他本着打破自己的个人纪录取得，所以在比赛时非常努力(hard)地不断加速推进。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：塞尔维尼决心完成任务，他从地面上爬起，继续前进，但又在150米后摔 倒然后又再来一次。A. Enthusiastic热情的；B. Devoted奉献的；C. Determined有决心的；D.Desperate 绝望的。根据下文 “Cerveny rose from

39、the ground and continued on” 可知,他还是忍痛站了起 来，说明了他完成比赛的决心(Determined)坚定。故选C项。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：塞尔维尼决心完成任务，他从地面上爬起，继续前进，但又在150米后摔倒然后又再来一次。A. stop阻止;B. fall摔倒;C.pause暂停;D. freeze冰冻。根据上文“Cervenyrose from the ground and continued on”可知，塞尔维尼刚刚摔倒后爬了起来，而现在又再一次摔倒(fall) 了。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻的跑步者费了很大的劲才

40、爬起来，迈着不稳定的步伐，向前做了最 后的冲刺。A. courage 勇气；B. confidence 自信；C. patience 耐心；D. effort 努力。根据后文“the young runner pulled himself up and with an unsteady pace, moved forward for one final push” 可知， 这位年轻的跑步 者费了很大的劲才爬起来，迈着不稳定的步伐，向前做了最后的冲刺。with great effort表示“吃力地”。 故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的两条腿完全不能动了。A. given ou

41、t精疲力竭；B. sprung up出现；C. got down 下来；D. come about 产生。根据上文 “Less than 100 meters from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground.可知，在离终点线不到100米的地方，他蜷缩着躺在地上，说明他已经筋疲力尽(givenout) 了。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：布兰登舒特站在他身边，伸出了援助之手。A. expected期待；Buffered提 供；C. threw扔；D. extended延长。offer a helping hand为固定搭配，表示

42、“伸出援手”，符合语境。故 选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一次试图跟上赛文，但和赛文一样，他也拒绝放弃。A. arouse引起；B. decreased 减少；C. tailed 尾随，跟上；D. backfired 回火。根据上文 “His first attempt to get Cerveny up”可 知，这里指第一次试图跟上赛文。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：又用力一拉，Cerveny站了起来。A. pull拉；B.restore恢复；C.adjustment调 整；D. limit限制。根据上文“His first attempt to get

43、”可知，这里是第二次拉Cerveny,故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：塞尔维尼扶着舒特，舒特帮助塞尔维尼保持平衡，两人完成了最后75米的比 赛。A. highlighted 强调;B. attended 参加;C. tackled 解决；D. completed 完成。根据下文 “Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line firstv可知，舒特帮助塞尔维尼冲过了 终点线，完成(completed) 了比赛。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：舒特甚至确保受伤的运动员第一个冲过终点

44、线，确保他的对手跑得更快。A. enemy 敌人；B. contemporary 当代人；C. opponent 对手；D. fellow 同伴。根据上文 “Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first”可知，舒特甚至确保塞尔维尼，也就是他的竞争对手(opponent),第一个冲过终点线。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今竞争激烈的世界里，田径比赛的重点往往放在打破纪录上，看到布兰 登舒特这样的运动员仍然保持着真正体育精神的价值，这是令人鼓舞的。A. finance经济；B. a

45、thletics 运动员；C. industry 行业；D. advertising 广告。根据后文 “to see that for an athlete like Brandon Schutt, the value of true sportsmanship still has legs可知这里指的是运动员。故选 B 项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当今竞争激烈的世界里，田径比赛的重点往往放在打破纪录上，看到布 兰登舒特这样的运动员仍然保持着真正体育精神的价值，这是令人鼓舞的。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的； B. conventional 习惯的；C. optimist

46、ic 乐观的;D. grateful 感激的。根据下文 “to see that for an athlete like Brandon Schutt, the value of true sportsmanship still has legs .”可知，在这次比赛中看到布兰登舒特这样的 运动员展现出来的体育精神是非常鼓舞人心的(inspiring)o故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对布莱克塞尔维尼这样的人来说，知道无论逆境与否，完成比赛都是胜利 的真正含义。A. preparation准备；B. memory回忆；C.success成功;D.meaning含义。根据上文“A

47、nd fbr others, like Blake Cerveny, knowing that finishing the race, no matter the odds or adversity可知， 布莱 克塞尔维尼向我们展现出来的精神，无论逆境与否，坚持完成比赛，这才是胜利的真正含义(meaning)。故选 D 项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays, China has stepped up efforts to promote “red tourism，which 36 (feature)

48、 visits to sites with significance of revolutionary history.More revolutionary museums will be open to the public 37 free and more creative cultural products of revolutionary relics will 38 (develop), said the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.Meanwhile, the red tourism sites are encouraged to increase39(cooperate) with schools, thecommunities and government institutions, to attract more citizens40(learn) about the countrysrevolutionary history and strengthen 41(they) love for the nation.C