北京市第十八中学2021-2022学年八年级下学期期中英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、北京市第十八中学2021-2022学年度第二学期期中练习初二英语班级 姓名考试须知L本试卷共8页，共七道大题，57道小题，总分值60分，考试时间90分钟。2 .在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。3 .试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4 .在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5 .考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 知识运用（共15分）一、单项填空（共5分，每题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最正确选项。1. You could play with the sad girl

2、and cheer up.A. himB. herC. themD. you【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你可以和那个伤心的女孩一起玩，让她高兴起来。him他，her她的，them他 们，you你。根据You could play with the sad girl可知此处表示让那个女孩高兴起来，代指那 个女孩用代词her。应选B。2. 一When is Jays concert?Ifs at three oclock the afternoon of July 18th.D. inA toB. atC. on【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：周杰伦的演唱会是什么时候？ 时间是7月18日下午3

3、点。 考查时间介词辨析。t。至U; at后接具体时刻；on后接具体某一天；in后接某年某月某季 节。“the afternoon of July 18th”是具体的一天，应填 on,应选 C。3. 一 do you have to stay at home?一Because I have something important to do.A. WhenB. WhyC. WhoD. Whichon the answer. I had never answered any questions so seriously.On the day of the History exam, I went

4、into the exam hall confidently. When the paper was sent to me, I dreamt of getting the highest mark in the whole grade and could not help smiling. “My History teacher always encouraged me to work hard and get better grades, but I let him down time and time again. This time I will give him a big surp

5、rise,1 thought.When the teacher said we could start, I turned the paper over. To my surprise, all the questions were different. Later I felt nervous. In the end, I almost left the paper undone. After the exam, I ran to the toilet, took out the paper and carefully read it from the top. Oh! It was las

6、t years exam paper. I read all the questions but I hadnt read the date.This is a lesson in which I know I have to put my feet on the ground. I regretted doing such a silly thing. After that, I told my teacher the truth and I promised to be honest. From then on, I worked harder than ever before.35. T

7、he writer went to the teachers office to.A. take an examB. see his teacherC. get his school bag D. asksome questions36. The writer always in his History exams.A. got high marksB. did silly thingsC. let his teacher down D. left thepaper undone37. When did the writer know it was last years exam paper?

8、A. Before he read all the questions.B. As soon as he returned home.C. Until he went into the teachers office.D. After he read the paper in the toilet.【答案】35.B36. C 37. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。通过一份历史试卷的故事告诫我们：人必须要老实、脚踏实 地做事。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据“One day after school, I went to the teachers office to see my teach

9、er, but nobody was there”可知，去老师办公室的目的是为了看老师，应选B。【36题详解】细节理解题 o 根据My History teacher always encouraged me to work hard and get better grades, but I let him down time and time again”可知，老师总是鼓励作者努力学习，取得高 分，但是作者一次一次的让他失望，应选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据After the exam, I ran to the toilet, took out the paper and caref

10、ully read it from the top. Oh! It was last years exam paper”可知，作者在卫生间看试卷后才知道那份试卷 是去年，应选D。D说明文关系型（AB） A影响BAre you a happy person most of the time? Or do you easily get angry sometimes? Everyone has a different temperament （脾气）.It is usually believed that both genes （基因） and environment may affect （影响

11、）peoples temperaments in different ways. But now scientists have found that the season of birth also plays a role.Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students. In the study, the students needed to finish a questionnaire （问卷 ）.The purpose of it was to find out which of four kind

12、s of temperaments they most had. From the questionnaire, scientists found that the students always answered something like “My mood often changes for no reason, and 力 love to deal with new projects, even if it is risky”. These answers were then matched with their birthdays.They discovered that peopl

13、e born in summer easily change between sad and happy moods compared to people born in winter. Those who always feel positive are mostly born in spring and summer.The study also found that those born in autumn less probably had a mood of depression which may easily drive them to cry, while those bom

14、in winter were not easier to be angry.Scientists said that this was probably because the seasons had an influence on certain chemicals in the human body And the chemicals are important to control peoples moods even in adult life.“It seems that when you are born may increase or decrease your chance o

15、f developing certain mood disorders （紊乱）lead scientist Xenia Gonda told The Telegraph.38. What probably can affect （关系）peopled temperaments （脾气）according to Paragraph 1?A. Genes.B. Ages.C. Seasons.D.Environment.39. What does the underlined word “depression“ most probably mean?A. Sadness.B. Happiness

16、.C. Surprise.D.Excitement.40. Which of the following sentences is NOT true from the passage?A. People born in summer change their moods more easily.B. The season of birth has an influence on humans moods.C. There were 400 middle school students taking part in the study.D. The answers to the question

17、naire were matched with their birthdays.41. Whafs the best title for this passage?A. Seasons and MoodsB. The Influence of GenesC. Moods and HealthD. The Importance of Birthplaces【答案】38.B39. A 40. C 41. A【解析】【导语】本文主要通过实验讲述人的脾气不但受人的基因和环境影响，而且人出生的季节 也起作用。研究说明，夏天出生的人比冬天出生的人情绪易变。研究还发现，秋天出生的 人极少有可能出现消极情绪，

18、而冬天出生的人不容易生气。这也许是人体内化学变化起作 用的结果。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据短文第一S6it is usually believed that both genes （基因）and environment may affect （影响）peoples temperaments in different ways. But now scientists have found that the season of birth also plays a role”的描述可知，年龄不可能影响人的脾气。应选B。【39题详解】词义猜想题。根据下文“which may easily dri

19、ve them to cry”的描述可知，这里指的是秋天出 生的人极少有可能出现消极情绪。应选A。【40题详解】细节理解题 o 根据“Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students”可知, 来自匈牙利布达佩斯的科学家对40。名大学生进行了研究，而不是中学生，应选C。41题详解】标题归纳题。本文主要通过实验讲述了季节对人的情绪的影响。应选A。五、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答以下问题。（共10分，每题2分）Loan wordsOur class project last month was to find out

20、more about loan words, words which are borrowed by one language from another.There are thousands of loan words in English, because English is influenced by a variety of different languages, and, for that reason, it has a huge number of loanwords. It is said that 80 percent of English words come from

21、 other languages. Some speakers prefer using foreign words and phrases in place of English ones一they think they sound more interesting.Two Asian languages which have a lot of loan words are Japanese and Korean. Most of the loan words in Japanese come from Chinese and English. Chinese words, and the

22、Chinese characters, first came into the Japanese language more than 1,000 years ago. Chinese characters which are used in Japanese are called kanji, and many Chinese Kanji have different meanings or pronunciations, as well as occasionally being written slightly differently.In recent times, Japanese

23、has also borrowed many words from Portuguese, German （especially medical words）, French and Italian （especially words about music and food）. NonChinese loan words are written in another alphabet, called katakana.There are also a lot of Chinese words and characters in Korean. More recently, Korean ha

24、s also taken a lot of words from English. However, when they are used in Korean, the meanings of many words and expressions change. For example, the English word dessert“ means something sweet that you eat at the end of a meal. In Korean, the word now means something you drink at the end of a meal一t

25、ea, coffee or a soft drink.42. What are loan words?43. Why does English have a huge number of loan words?44. When did Chinese words first come into the Japanese language?45. What does the English word “dessert mean in Korean?46. What are the last three paragraphs mainly about?【答案】42. Loan words are

26、the words which are borrowed by one language from another.43 . Because English is influenced by a variety of different languages.44 . More than 1,000 years ago.45 . Tt means something you drink at the end of a mealtea, coffee or a soft drink.46 . Both Japanese and Korean have a lot of loan words.【解析

27、】【导语】本文主要讲述了各种语言的外来词，几乎世界上每种重要的语言都有外来词。【42题详解】根据Our class project last month was to find out more about loan words, words which are borrowed by one language from another”可知，外来词就是一种语言从另一种语言中借来的单 词, 故填 Loan words are the words which are borrowed by one language from another.【43题详解】根据There are thousand

28、s of loan words in English, because English is influenced by a variety of different languages, and, for that reason, it has a huge number of loanwords可知，英语有大量 的外来词是因为英语受各种不同语言的影响，故填Because English is influenced by a variety of different languages.【44题详解】根据Chinese words, and the Chinese characters, f

29、irst came into the Japanese language more than 1,000 years ago”可知，汉语和汉字在1000多年前首次进入日语，故填More than 1,000 years ago.45题详解】根据In Korean, the word now means something you drink at the end of a mealtea, coffee or a soft drink”可知，在韩语中，这个词现在的意思是餐后喝的东西茶，咖啡或软饮料，故填 It means something you drink at the end of a

30、meal一tea, coffee or a soft drink.【46题详解】根据Two Asian languages which have a lot of loan words are Japanese and KorearT 以及这三段 的内容可知，这几段主要介绍了两种有很多外来词的亚洲语言是日语和韩语，故填Both Japanese and Korean have a lot of loan words.书面表达（共14分）六、完成句子。根据中文提示完成以下英文句子，每空一词。（共4分，每小题0.5分）.苹果派听起来不错。Apple pie.【答案】.sounds .good#gr

31、eat#nice【解析】【详解】sound“听起来”，连系动词，后接形容词作表语；good/great/nice好的”，陈述事 实，句子用一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单，故填sounds； good/great/niceo.我哥哥在校网球队。我为他骄傲！My brother is in the school tennis team. I am him!【答案】.proud .of【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知空处应填“为骄傲”，固定短语be proud of为骄傲”,故填 proud； ofo47 .他们正在倒数天数。They are the days.【答案】counting d

32、own【解析】【详解】根据题干可知，本句是现在进行时（be doing）。固定短语count down“倒数”，count 的现在分词为counting。故填counting down。48 .你想过其他的比赛吗？Have you ever other kinds of competitions?【答案】thought of【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知空处应填“想过。固定短语think0产考虑，思考”，根据Have” 可知句子是现在完成时，动词用过去分词，故填thought of。49 .这个旅程花了几个月。The journey several months.【答案】took【解析】【

33、详解】比照中英文可知，空处缺少“花费”的翻译。主语journey指物，且空格后接的是时 间，用take表示“花费。描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，故填took。50 .这很难想像。It is imagine.【答案】hard to【解析】【详解】分析句子可知考查句型Itis+形容词+todosth做某事是的 hard”艰难的。形 容词。故填hard to。51 .教练通常和我们一起参加训练。Our coach usually in the training with us.【答案】takes part【解析】【详解】固定短语take part in“参加”;根据“usually”可知，本

34、句是一般现在时,且主语“Our coach”是第三人称单数，动词需用三单形式。故填takes part。52 .该看卡通片啦。to watch a cartoon.【答案】Its time【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“该是做的时候固定句型Its time to do sth.“该是做某事的时候了”。故填Ifs timeo七、文段表达（10分）55.根据中文和英文提示，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于60词的短文，所给提示 词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。“读万卷书，行万里路”。旅行让人开阔眼界，增长知识。在你的旅行经历中，有哪一 段经历是最令你难忘的呢？你去了什么地方？经

35、历了些什么？你的感受如何？请以“An unforgettable travel experience”为题，提供你最难忘的旅行经历。提示词语：beach, visit, take photos, enjoy, wonderful提示问题：Where did you go and who did you go with?What did you do there?How do you feel?【答案】例文I wont forget the first time I traveled alone forever. Last summer vacation, I went to the summe

36、r camp in Yunnan. At first, I was kind of afraid because it was the first time I traveled alone. But my parents encouraged me a lot. Then I met many kids and we became good friends. We went to climb the mountain together happily and helped each other on the way. At last, we got to the top of the mou

37、ntain. We had a picnic there. We were all very excited. I learned a lot from this experience. I know how to deal with problems when I face them.【解析】【详解】1 .题干解读：本文是一篇话题作文。以“An unforgettable travel experience”为题，分 享你最难忘的旅行经历。2.写作指导：本文时态以一般过去时为主。人称采用第一人称行文。写作时按照提示问题进 行写作，可围绕话题适当发挥使行文连贯，确保语句通顺，无单词语法错误。【

38、答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：一为什么你不得不待在家？一因为我有很重要的事要做。考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候；Why为什么；Who谁；Which哪一个。根据回答中 Because可知，问句是在询问原因，用Why引导的特殊疑问句。应选B。4. My parents and I trees last Sunday.A. plantB. will plantC. are plantingD. planted【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我的父母和我上星期天种树。考查一般过去时。根据last Sunday”可知，时态是一般过去时，应选D。5. Sorry, sir. I follow you.

39、Would you please speak slower?A. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：对不起，先生，我听不懂。请你说慢一点好吗？考查情态动词。carft不能；mustnt禁止；shouldnt不应该；neednt不需耍。根据Wouldyou please speak slower”可知说话人不能跟上先生，听不懂了，应用cant。应选A。6. Lingling, can you play football with me now?一Sorry, I canL I a chocolate pie.A. madeB. ma

40、keC. am makingD. wasmaking【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意： 玲玲，你现在能和我一起踢足球吗？ 对不起，我不能。我正在做巧 克力派。考查动词时态。根据can you play football with me now?”可知句子的时态是现在进行时，故 选C。7. Robots all the heavy and difficult jobs in the future.A doB. didC. are doingD. will do【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：机器人将在未来做所有繁重和困难的工作。考查一般将来时。do动词原形；did过去式；are doing现在进行

41、时；will do一般将来时；根据in the future”可知，此处用一般将来时，应选D。8. Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?Yes,he is.He history for nearly 20 years.A. teachesB. has taughtC. is teachingD. willteach【答案】B【解析】【详解句意：露西，你叔叔是老师吗？ 是的，他教了将近20年的历史了。考查 现在完成时。根据for nearly 20 years可知，这是一个表示一段时间的时间状语，通常用于现 在完成时，而且动词应该用延续性动词，现在完成时态结构为have/

42、has+动词的过去分词。 应选Bo【点睛】此题主要考查现在完成时。用法：表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或 结果，还表示过去发生动作一直持续到现在。其结构是have/has+及物动词的过去分词。此 题注意短暂性动词和延续性动词的区别。9. Scientists to send spaceships to Mars in the 1960s.A. beginB. have begunC. beganD. werebeginning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：科学家们在20世纪60年代开始向火星发射宇宙飞船。考查动词时态。根据in the 1960s”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词

43、用过去式，应选C。 10. I worked in an old peoples home last summer. Oh, what did they ask you out with?A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helped【答案】B 【解析】【详解】句意：一一去年夏天我在一个老年人之家工作。一一哦，他们要求你帮助什么？ ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事，故用动词不定式to help,应选B。二、根据句意和所给的首字母补全单词。（共5分，每题0.5分）What a m! You should put away these useless thi

44、ngs. 【答案】（m）ess 【解析】【详解】句意：真是一团糟！你应该把这些无用的东西收起来。根据put away these useless things.”可知东西摆的到处都是，很乱，mess“混乱”，是名词，故填（m）ess。11. My mother keeps healthy by eating healthy food and taking e.【答案】(e)xercise【解析】【详解】句意：我妈妈通过吃健康的食物和锻炼来保持健康。根据by eating healthy food and taking”和首字母提示可知，此处是指通过锻炼来保持健康。固定短语take exerci

45、se”做 锻炼、运动”。故填(e)xercise。12. The dancer felt a bit n in her first performance.【答案】nervous【解析】【详解】句意：舞蹈演员第一次表演时有点紧张。根据语境及首字母可知，此处应为nervous紧张的，形容词，在句中作表语，意为“感觉 紧张”。故答案为nervous。13. He is not at home. You can leave a m for him.【答案】(m)essage【解析】【详解】句意：他不在家。你可以给他留个口信。固定短语leave a message“留口信”，故填 (m)essageo

46、15.1 like swimming best. Its my f sport.【答案】(f)avourite#avorite【解析】【详解】句意：我最喜欢游泳。这是我最喜欢的运动。根据swimming”结合单词首字母可 知，此处是指最喜欢的运动，favourite/favorite最喜欢的”，是形容词，故填 (f)avourite/(f)avorite。1.1 1 have many h, like collecting stamps, taking photos and so on.【答案】(h)obbies【解析】【详解】句意：我有很多爱好，比方集邮，拍照等等。根据“like colle

47、cting stamps, taking photos and so orT及首字母可知，此处列举自己的爱好，hobby“爱好”，many修饰可数名词 的复数形式，故填(h)obbies。17. Two years ago, the young man was w and he often fell ill, but now he is very strong.【答案】(w)eak【解析】【详解】句意：两年前，这个年轻人身体虚弱，经常生病，但现在他非常强壮。根据“but” 可知此处是表示转折，现在很强壮，过去很虚弱，weak虚弱的 是形容词，故填(w)eak。18. We all know t

48、hat stones are hard. They are not s at all.【答案】（s）oft【解析】【详解】句意：我们都知道石头是硬的。它们一点也不软。根据“stones are hard”结合单词 首字母可知石头不软，sofT柔软的“，是形容词作表语，故填。储We all know that the moon moves around the e.【答案】（e）arth【解析】【详解】句意：我们都知道月亮围绕地球转。根据常识可知，月亮围绕地球转，地球的英 文是earth,定冠词the表示特指，只有一个地球。故填（e）arth。19. The old man didnt want to live in London. He decided to m to his hometo