新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第二册翻译题答案 (全).docx

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1、新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第二册翻 译题答案（全）新视野大学英语第三版Book 2 unit 1翻译 英译中：English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nat ions whose Engl ish is not thei r fi rstIanguage. Li ke other Ianguages, Eng Ii sh has changed greatly. The history of the English Ianguage canbe divided into three main periods:

2、Old English, Middle English and Modern English. The Eng IishIanguage started w i th the invas ion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, andthey contributed greatly to the format ion of the Eng Iish Ianguage. Dur i ng the med i evaI and earlymodern periods, the i nfIuence of

3、English spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17thcentury its infIuence began to be felt throughout the world. The processes of European explorationrich in content and wide in range. It incIudes not only cultural ideasbut also institutional etiquettes. Genera I Iy speaki ng, it ref

4、ers to the obIigat ion of chi Idren to thei rparents required by the soc i ety, including respect, care, support for the elder ly and so forth. Filial pietyi s fundamenta I to the ancient Oriental civilization.新视野大学英语BOOK 2 unit 4课后翻译英翻中 Valentines Day on February 14 is celebrated in various America

5、n and European countries. Itis a ho I i day of love and romance usual ly by exchanging vaI ent i nes or love tokens between I overs. There are different origins regardi ng the fest i va I. One I egend goes that the Romans put a priest namedSa i nt VaI ent i ne into prison for refusing to be I i eve

6、in the Roman gods. On February 14, VaI ent i ne wasput to death not only because he was Chr ist ian, but also because he had cured the jailers daughter ofbIindness. The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewelI letter s i gned From yourValentine. Later, February 14 became a ho Ii day for

7、peopIe to show affection for thei r Ioved ones. Today, peopIe celebrate Valentines Day in different ways, send i ng greeting cards and flowers, g i v i ngchocoI ate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners. The ho Ii day has now become popular al I overthe worId. In China the festivaI is also

8、becoming increasingly popular with young peopIe.美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝2月14日的情人节。这是一个 充满爱情和浪漫的节日，恋人之间通常都会交换情人卡和爱情 信物。关于这个节日的起源有着不同的说法。一个传说是罗马 人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱，因为他拒绝相信罗马 神。2月14日那天，瓦伦丁被处死，不仅因为他是基督徒， 而且因为他曾治愈了一位监狱看守双目失明的女儿。他在被处 死的前一天晚上给她写了一封署名“你的瓦伦丁”的告别信。后 来，2月14日就成了一个人们可以为他们的情人展示感情的 节日。现在，人们以不同的方式庆祝情人节，他们发送贺卡、 鲜

9、花，赠送巧克力或其他礼品，或共进浪漫的晚餐。现在这个 节日已流行世界各地。在中国，这个节日也正越来越受年轻人 的欢迎。中翻英农历七月初七是中国的七夕节(Qixi Festival),是中 国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。一些大的商家每年都 举办不同的活动，年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。因此，七夕 节被认为是中国的“情人节”(Valentine* Day)o七夕节来自牛郎 与织女(Cowherd and Weaving Maid)的传说。相传，每年的 这个夜晚，天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。所以，在七夕的夜晚, 人们可以看到牛郎织女在银河(the Milky Way)相会。姑娘 们也会在这一天晚上

10、向天上的织女乞求智慧，以获得美满姻缘。 但随着时代的变迁，这些活动正在消失，唯有标志着忠贞爱情 的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间。July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of al I the trad i t i onaI Ch i nese hoiidays. Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young peopIe sendgifts to thei r lovers. As a r

11、esult, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese Valentines DayH. TheQixi Festival is derived from the Iegend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid. The Iegend holds that on thisparticular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd. So, peopIe can seeCowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in

12、 the Milky Way on the night of Qixi. On this night, girls wou I da I so beg Weav i ng Maid for some w i sdom for a happy marriage. But, with the changing of times9 theseactivities are diminishing. Al I that remains is the I egend of Cowherd and Weav i ng Maid, a sign offaithful love, continuously ci

13、rculated among the folk.新视野大学英语第三版BOOK 2 unit 5课后翻译英翻中 The Age of Discovery, also called the Age of Exploration, is a historical period of EuropeangIobaI exploration that started in the early 15th century and cont i nued untiI the 18th century. It isusually regarded as a bridge between the Middle Ag

14、es and the Modern era, in the context of emergingwestern imperial ism and economic compel it ion between European kingdoms seeki ng weaI th throughthe estab Ii shment of trade routes and colonies. Among many great explorers during this period, themost outstanding one was Christopher Columbus since h

15、e discovered the New World. Europeanoverseas expans i on led to the rise of colonial empi res, with the contact between the Old and NewWor Ids producing the exchange: a wide transfer of plants, animals, foods, culture, and so forth. Thisrepresented one of the most s i gn i f i cant gIobaI events con

16、cerning ecoIogy, agr icuIture, and cuIture i nhi story. European exp Iorat ion a I I owed the gIobaI mapp i ng of the world, resulting in a new worId-viewand d i stant civilizations acknow Iedg i ng each other.大发现年代，也被称为大勘探年代，是欧洲进行全球勘查 的一个历史时期，始于15世纪初并一直持续到18世纪。这一 时期通常被认为是中世纪和近代之间的桥梁，当时西方帝国主 义刚兴起，欧洲

17、各王国之间正在经济上互相竞争，他们想通过 建立贸易路线和殖民地来寻找财富。在这一时期众多伟大的探 险家中，最杰出的是克里斯托弗哥伦布，因为他发现了新大 陆。欧洲的海外扩张导致了殖民帝国的崛起，旧大陆与新大陆 的接触也促成了两边的互相交换：大量的植物、动物、食物、 文化等得到迁移。这代表了历史上生态、农业和文化在全球范 围内最重大的活动之一。欧洲大勘探让绘制全球性的世界地图 成为可能，从而使人们看到一个新的世界与古老的文明正遥相 呼应。中翻英丝绸之路（SilkRoad）是我国古代一条连接中国和 欧亚大陆（Eurasia）的交通线路，由于这条商路以丝绸贸易为 主，故称“丝绸之路”。作为国际贸易的通

18、道和文化交流的桥梁, 丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展，对世界文 明进程有着深远影响。当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了 ”一带一路（One Belt, One Road）（即“丝绸之路经济带”和 21世纪海上丝绸之路”）的战略构想。”一带一路”以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。这一战略一经 提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade routefocuses on the trade of

19、 silk, hence the name the Silk Road. As an international trade channeI and abr idge of cultural exchanges, the Si Ik Road effectiveIy improved the economic and cuIturaI exchangesand deveIopment between the East and the West, exerting a profound impact on the progress of theworId civilization. Nowada

20、ys, under the new histor ical circumstances, our country proposes thestrategy of One Belt, One Road (nameIy the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Mar itimeSiIk Road). The strategy of One Belt, One Road focuses on cooperation and mutuaI benefits, emphasizing mutuaI benefits, win-win, as we

21、 I I as common deve I opment of the relatedcountr ies. Onceproposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the road.新视野大学英语第三版BOOK 2 unit 6课后翻译英翻中 Minimalism （极简主义）is about getting rid of excess stuff and keeping only what you need.Minimal i st I i ving, in si

22、mp I est terms, i s to I i ve with as I ess as poss ible, menta I I y and phys i caI Iy unt iI you achieve peace of m i nd. Results that ensue are less stress, more time, and increased happiness. Minimalists I ike to say that they1re Ii v i ng more meaningfully9 more de Iiberate Iy, and that themi n

23、 i ma Ii st IifestyIe a 11ows them to focus on what1 s more important in life: fr iends, hobbies, traveI, exper iences. Of course, minimal ism doesnt mean theres anything inherentIy wrong w i th owningmater ia I possessions. Todays problem seems to be that we tend to give too much mean i ng to our t

24、hings, often forsaking （抛弃）our health, our relationships, our passions, our personal growth, and our desi reto contribute beyond ourselves. In addition to its appIication in peopIes daily Iife, minimal ism alsofi nds appIicat ion in many creat ive d i sc i pIi nes, including art, architecture, desig

25、n, dance, film making, theater, music, fashion, photography and Iiterature.极简主义是指去掉多余的，仅保留需要的部分。用最简单 的话来说，极简的生活方式，就是生活得越简单越好，直到获 得心灵的平静，这种简单既是精神上的，也是身体上的。这样 的生活方式会减轻压力，带来更多自由时间，并增强幸福感。 极简主义者会说，他们生活得更有意义了，更从容了，极简的 生活方式让他们着眼于生活中更重要的事物：朋友、爱好、旅 游和体验。当然，极简主义并不意味着拥有物质财富从本质上 来讲有什么不对。现在的问题似乎在于，我们往往太重视所拥 有的东

26、西，而常常抛弃了健康、人与人之间的关系、我们的热 情、个人成长，以及帮助他人的愿望。极简主义除了在我们的日常生活中可以得到应用，还存在于很多创意领域，包括艺术、 建筑、设计、舞蹈、电影、戏剧、音乐、时尚、摄影和文学等。中翻英国民幸福指数(National Happiness Index, NHI)是衡量 人们幸福感的一种指数，也是衡量一个国家或地区经济发展、 居民生活与幸福水平的指标工具。随着中国经济的高速增长， 中国政府越来越重视人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。政 府注重改善民生，努力改善人民群众的经济状况，满足人民群 众日益增长的物质文化需求。当前，中国政府提倡释放改革红 利，让人民群众

27、得到更多实惠。所有这些都将有效促进我国国 民幸福指数不断提升。NationaI Happiness Index (NHI) is an index that measures how happy peopIe are. It is also a tool thatmeasures the I eve Is of econom i c deveIopment and peopIes Ii veIi hood and happiness in a country orregion. With the fast growth of Ch i nese economy, the Ch i nese g

28、overnment has been pay i ng more andmore attent i on to peopIes Ii v i ng qua Iity and the andcoI on i zat i on for several centuries led to s i gn i f i cant change in Engli sh. Today, American English is particularly infIuentiaL due to the popularity of Americancinema, television, music, trade and

29、 technology, including the Internet.人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言，经常被许多不以英语 为第一语言的国家使用。与其他语言一样，英语也发生了很大 的变化。英语的历史可以分为三个主要阶段：古英语，中古英 语和现代英语。英语起源于公元5世纪，当时三个日耳曼部落 入侵英国，他们对英语语言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世纪 和现代社会初期，英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛。从17世纪初, 它的影响力开始在世界各地显现。欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过 程导致了英语的重大变化。今天，由于美国电影、电视、贸易 和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国英语的影响力尤其显。中译英：中国书法(calli

30、graphy)是一门独特的艺术、是世界上独一 无二的艺术瑰宝。中国书法艺术的形成，发展与汉文字的产生 与演进存在着密不可分的关系。汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中, increase of happ i ness i ndex. The government stressesimprovement of its peopIes Iivelihood, striving to improve their economic conditions and meet thei rgrowing mater ial and cultural needs. Current Iy, the Chi nese go

31、vernment advocates the unleashing ofmore reform dividends, with the aim of offering more real benefits to its peopIe. Al I these measureswiI I combine to effectiveIy increase the NHI of our peop I e.新视野大学英语第三版BOOK 2 unit 7课后翻译英翻中 The color and style of a wedding gown can depend on the religion and c

32、ulture of the weddingparticipants. For example, in Western cultures brides often choose a white wedd i ng dress, while inChina the traditional wedding dress is in red. Though white has become the most preferred color forwedding gowns across the world today, this was not a widespread trend before the

33、 Victorian era. Whitebecame a popular option in 1840, when Queen Victoria wore a white gown at her wedding. The officialwedding photograph was widely pub Ii shed, and many brides chose white to become the fol lowers ofthe Queen. Many peopIe be Ii eved that the co lor white symboIi zed virginity, tho

34、ugh th i s was not theoriginal intention. As far as the style is concerned, wedding dresses were once typicaI Iy short in thefront with a longer train in the back. Th i s tendency cont inued unt iI the late 1960s, when it becamepopular to revert to Iong, fuI I-ski rted des igns.婚纱礼服的颜色和款式可取决于婚礼参与者的宗

35、教和文化。 例如，在西方文化中新娘通常会选择白色的婚纱，而在中国， 传统的结婚礼服是红色的。虽然白色已成为当今婚纱礼服在世 界各地最受青睐的颜色，可是这在维多利亚时期之前并不是一 个普遍的潮流。白色在1840年成为了 一个受欢迎的选择，那 年维多利亚女王在她的婚礼上穿了一件白色的礼服。官方的婚 礼照片被广泛刊登后，很多新娘都仿效女王选择白色。很多人 相信白色象征着童贞，尽管这不是她们选择白色的初衷。就款 式而言，婚纱礼服曾一度是前面短短的、后面是长长的裙摆。这种趋势一直持续到20世纪60年代后期，那个时期全长裙边 的设计恢复了流行。中翻英中国是丝绸的故乡，因而有很多与丝绸相关的艺术，刺绣 (e

36、mbroidery)就是其中的一种。刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺 之一，至少有两、三千年的历史。从事刺绣的多为女子，因此 刺绣又被称为”女红(women* needlework)。刺绣在中国受 到了人们广泛的喜爱。刺绣可用来装饰衣物，如在衣服、被子、 枕套(pillowcase)等物品上绣上美丽的图案，也可制作成特 别的饰品(ornament)。中国有四大名绣:苏州的苏绣、广东 的粤绣、湖南的湘绣以及四川的蜀绣。各种绣法不仅风格有差异，主题也各有不同。在这其中，苏州的苏绣最负盛名。一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身 又形成了一种独特的艺术。书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的 生活感

37、受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有“字 如其人”的说法。中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且 在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。Chinese cal I igraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the worId. The formation anddeveIopment of the Chinese cal Iigraphy is closely related to the emergence and evoIution of Chinesecharacters. In this long evolutiona

38、ry process, Ch i nese characters have not only pIayed an important rolein exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also deveI oped into a unique art form. Cal Iigraphicworks we I I reflect cal Iigraphers1 persona I fee Iings9 knowI edge, seIf-cu11ivation, persona Iity, and soforth, thus there i

39、s an expression that seeing the cal Iigrapher1s handwr iting is I ike seeing the person11. As one of the treasures o Ch i nesecuIture, Chinese cal Iigraphy shines spI end idly in the worlds treasurehouse of culture and art.新视野大学英语第三版book 2unit 2课后翻译英翻中A MOOC (massive openonline course)i s anonline c

40、ourse aimed atonline course aimed atuniimited participationand openaccess via theand openaccess via theweb. MOOCs are a recentdeveIopment in distance education and have nowbecome asurgi ng trendbecome asurgi ng trendin higher education.These classesarea i med at expand i nguniversitys reachuniversit

41、ys reachfromthousands of tuition-pay i ng students whoI i ve in town, to mill ionsof studentsof studentsaroundthe world.Inadd i t i on totraditionalcoursematerials,MOOCs provideinteractiveuserforumstosupportinteractionsbetweenstudents and professors.MOOCs can encourage communication among participan

42、ts who bringa variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course ; inspirepeopIe to try on subjects thatthey wouIdnt otherwise pursue or even try on educat i on itself ; provide multiple ways to engage withcourse mater ial, encouraging multimodaI （多 模式的）learning that can address the needs of

43、 learnerswith a variety of learning styles ; and inspi re better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-facecourses.慕课是一种网络课程，它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开 放接入。慕课是远程教育迈出的最新一步，现已在高等教育领 域迅速引领潮流。通过这些课程，大学可以扩大影响的范围， 从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，扩展到惠及全球上百 万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，慕课还给使用者提供互 动论坛，支持学生和讲师之间的交流。慕课能够促进参与者之 间的交流，使得多种观点、

44、知识和技能涌现到课堂上来；它鼓 励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程，至是尝试新的教育方式； 它提供多种学习课程资料的方式，鼓励多模式学习，以各种学 习风格满足学习者的需求；另外，慕课促进教学的改善，使技 术在面对面授课中得以更好地应用。近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教育资源 建设取得了巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平 台，数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作用。和传统教学 方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方面，数字化教 学使教学资源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学 习时间和空间，人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚 拟学校学习。这使得人类从接受一次性教

45、育走向终身学习成为 可能。In recent years, with the deve I opment of Internet techno Iogy, the construct ion of digital educat i onresources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teach i ng is playing an increasingly important

46、role in education. Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. On one hand, digital teach i ng makes gIobaI sharing of teach i ng resources possible; on the other hand, it expands the learners study time and space to learn, al lowing peopIe to get access t

47、o the digital vi rtuaI schooIsthrough the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for peopIe to shift fromone-time I earning to Iifelong I earni ng.新视野大学英语第三版BOOK 2 unit 3课后翻译英翻中 As an important part of the American culture value system, nindividualismn is admired bymost Ame

48、r ican peopIe. Amer icans view the famiIy as a group whose primary purpose is to advance thehappiness of individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibiIity of theAmerican famiIy member is not to advance the fami Iy as a group, either soc i a I Iy or econom i caI Iy. W

49、hat would be best for the fami Iy is not usual ly considered to be as important as what would be bestfor the individual. With freedom comes theresponsibi I ity to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of cho i ce that carries with it the responsibiIity: to accept the consequences of the choices. ManyAmericans give thei r chiIdren a lot of freedom because they want them to be i ndepende