湖南省怀化市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、湖南省怀化市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMuseum VR Creates New Ways for Visitors to ExploreThe National Museum of Natural History, ParisSince 2018, visitors to the National Museum of Natural History have been able to enjoy a fascinatin

2、g VR experience. De Realite Virtuelle was the first permanent museum room in the country dedicated to VR technology. Once they enter the room, guests enjoy a specially designed programme: Journey into the Heart of Evolution. Here they will discover the links between species and can zoom in on differ

3、ent creatures to learn more.The Renwick Gallery, Washington, D.CUsing a free app, visitors to this museum can use their own device to view the whole views of the gallery, alongside video interviews with the curator （馆长）and some of the artists. Thanks to VR technology, the works by nine leading artis

4、ts are available to experience in a new way even though the physical exhibition at the museum has ended.Peterson Automotive Museum, Los AngelesPeterson Automotive Museum worked with Microsoft HoloLens to create a new VR exhibition. Visitors were able to interact with a classic American sports car, t

5、he Ford GT40.The HoloLens allows visitors to see the car up close. Visitors were further drawn into the experience by the addition of suriound sound. While learning about the history of the cars, they could also hear the roar of the engines.The Victoria and Albert Museum, LondonFans of the Lewis Car

6、roll classic will be able to “travel down the rabbit hole into a virtual space. People can join a trip” into Wonderland without having to leave the sofa. The opening of the Alice exhibition has been postponed until March 2021 because of the pandemic. But the museum said an at-home, virtual reality e

7、vent, ahead of the opening, will transport visitors into the world 要内容是人工智能机器人在韩国的餐馆服务。故选C项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Get a Healthy HomeMost of us have spent more time recently at home than we ever imagined possible. Maybe you took the opportunity to clean,

8、or maybe you plan to do it.tomorrow. 16Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in. 17 A University of Arizona study found that the average shoe harbors nearly 421,000 different bacteria and cleaning chemicals can also get tracked into your home via your shoes. Leave a pair of slipper

9、s by the front door. It also makes sense to use some alcohol to freshen your sheets and smelly gym clothes.Even if you think youve disinfected everything, you might have overlooked some small items like the toothbrush holder 18 Another thing you should pay attention to is the kitchen sponges （海绵）. A

10、s they may carry large quantities of bacteria, theyve been banned from restaurant kitchens.19 The gold standard is a high-efficiency air filter. The Department of Energy requires that they remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable filters can clean a single room or the en

11、tire house. Filters may cost you some money, but there are cheaper ways to clean the air-start by opening a window. Indoor air can have two to five times more pollutants than outdoor air.Many viruses dont spread as well in wet air as they do in the cold, dry months. 20 However, cool-mist humidifiers

12、 （增湿器）can harbor bacteria if they arent cleaned regularly. Old-fashioned steam humidifiers are the best. But too much humidity can worsen some problems and encourage the growth of dust mites （蜻虫）and mold. The ideal humidity level, especially for sleeping, is 40 to 60 percent.A. Take off your shoes a

13、t your door.B. Freshen the walls up with a new paint.C. Dont forget to clean the air in your home too.D. The following is what to do to help keep you energetic.E. Wash it daily and run it through the dishwasher regularly.F. One easy solution for the winter is to use a humidifier.G. These tips can he

14、lp make your home better for your body and your mind.K答案516. G 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. FK导语U本文一篇说明文。文章就如何拥有一个清洁健康的家给出了一些建议。K16题详析H上文“Most of us have spent more time recently at home than we ever imagined possible. Maybe you took the opportunity to clean, or maybe you plan to do it.tomorrow.（我彳门大多数人最 近

15、呆在家里的时间比我们想象的要多。也许你抓住了打扫的机会，或者你计划明天再打扫。户 提出我们呆在家里的时间很多，所以家需要打扫，下文第二、三、四和五段分别就如何进行 打扫给出 了 具体建议。G 项“These tips can help make your home better for your body and your mind.（这些建议可以帮助你把你的家变得更适合你的身体和精神。厂承上启下，句中“These tips”引出下文，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。K17题详析段首主题句Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk

16、in.（想想从你进门的 那一刻起就保持家里的清洁。户提出进门时就开始保持家里的清洁，A项“Takeoffyourshoes at your door.（在门口脱鞋。）”提出具体建议：门口脱鞋。下文中“the average shoe harbors nearly 421,000 different bacteria and cleaning chemicals can also get tracked into your home via your shoes （普通的鞋子里有近42.1万种不同的细菌，清洁化学物质也会通过鞋子进入你的家中广 进一步说明了进门脱鞋的必要性，上下文语意连贯。故选A

17、项。K18题详析I上文“Even if you think youve disinfected everything, you might have overlooked some small items like the toothbrush holder.（即使你认为你已经消毒了所有的东西，你也可能忽略了一些 小物件,比如牙刷架。）”提出留意小物件的消毒，E项Wash it daily and run it through the dishwasher regularly.（每天清洗，并定期将其放入洗碗机。户承接上文，给出建议，句中“it”指 代上文中“the toothbrush hol

18、der”。故选 E 项。K19题详析设空句是段首主题句，下文The gold standard is a high-efficiency air filter. The Department of Energy requires that they remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable filters can clean a single room or the entire hous已（黄金标准是高效空气过滤器。美国能源部要 求它们去除空气中99.97%的污染物和颗粒。便携式过滤器可以清洁一

19、个房间或整个房子。T 介绍了空气过滤器，所以本段的建议是“Don、forget to clean the air in your home too.（别忘了 清洁家里的空气。故选C项。K20题详析上文“Many viruses dont spread as well in wet air as they do in the cold, dry months.（许多病 毒在潮湿的空气中不像在寒冷干燥的月份那样容易传播厂提出病毒传播的特点：在寒冷干燥 的月份中病毒易传播，F 项“One easy solution for the winter is to use a humidifier.（冬天一

20、个简 单的解决办法就是使用加湿器。厂提出解决问题的办法：使用加湿器，上下文语意连贯。故 选F项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。On February 12, 2019, Brendon Fontaine blew out five candles on a birthday cake covered in strawberry icing and topped with a plastic figure of his favorite character. Br

21、endons 21 came from Cakes for Kids, a group of home bakers who recognize that a simple birthday cake can be impossible for families like the Fontaines. The group was 22 three years ago by Christy Rogowski and her partner Wendy Singleton. Imagining a child who wasnt going to have a birthday cake was

22、really 23. Rogowski says. A Facebook call-out for volunteers24 added 150 bakers to their list, which includes people of all skill levels. When volunteers first apply, theyre asked why they want to 25,Some people have said that they didnthave a cake on their birthday growing up, and they know how 26

23、it is J says Singleton. More commonly, though, they say they want families in need to know that their neighbors 27 them.The cake receivers are decided by community organizations and Winnipeg Child and Family Services, which send Rogowski and Singleton information about each kids interests and favori

24、te28. A child might receive a cake because of the familys lack of 29 Cakes alsogo to children living in foster care. Jodi Korolyk, a family services worker has so far ordered birthday cakes fbr five of the almost 800 kids in their system. It 30 the children thatthey have a lot of people there to 3j

25、them,“ she says. For most kids, it doesntreally 32 what the cake looks like; just getting one is 33 Korolyksometimes arranges for parents whose children are in foster care to bring the cake to their kids themselves. Its a really good tool to help 34 a relationship between them,“ she says,adding that

26、 it can also build the parents9 35 in her. By the end of last year, Cakes for Kidshad provided over 575 cakes to mark kids birthdays, and the baking continues.21. A. surprise22. A. applauded23. A. amazing24. A. hardlyC. frequently25. A. quit26. A. important27. A. laugh at28. A. sports29. A. money30.

27、 A. frightens31. A. share32. A. matter33. A. annoyingC. convincing34. A. change35. A. delightK答案H 21. AB. angerB. complainedB. upsettingB. accidentallyD. eventuallyB. contributeB. boringB. talk aboutB. filmsB. waterB. worriesB. stopB. occurB. excitingD. disappointingB. hurtB. pride22. C 23. B24. DC.

28、 sorrowC. bundedC. confusingC. agreeC. tembleC. care aboutC.songsC. educationC. showsC. memorizeC. workC. promoteC. disbelief25. B 26. AD. pityD. blamedD. pleasingD. playD. complexD. rely onD. flavorsD. clothesD. shocksD. supportD. existD. acceptD. trust27. C 28. D29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C

29、 35. DK导语H这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了克里斯蒂罗戈夫斯基和她的搭档温迪辛格尔顿 建立志愿服务团队，为那些生日时无法吃到蛋糕的孩子送蛋糕的暖心之举。K21题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：布伦登的惊喜来自“儿童蛋糕(Cakes for Kids),这是一群 家庭烘焙师,他们认识到,对于方丹这样的家庭来说,简单的生日蛋糕是不可能的。A. surprise 惊喜；B. anger 生气；C. sorrow 悲伤；D. pity 遗憾。根据上文“OnFebruary 12,2019, Brendon Fontaine blew out five candles on a birthday cake

30、 covered in strawberry icing and topped with a plastic figure of his favorite character.(2019年2月12日，布伦登,方丹在一块覆盖着草莓糖霜 的生日蛋糕上吹灭了五根蜡烛，蛋糕上放着他最喜欢的人物的塑料雕像厂可知，布伦登方丹 吃到了生日蛋糕，吹了生日蜡烛，这对一个不太可能负担得起孩子生日蛋糕的家庭来说，确 实是一个惊喜。故选A项。K22题详析力考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年前，克里斯蒂罗戈夫斯基和她的搭档温迪辛格尔顿将 这个团体联系起来。A. applauded欢呼；B. complained抱怨；C.bo

31、nded与之建立紧密联系； D. blamed 指责。根据下文“A Facebook call-out for volunteers added 150 bakers to their list, which includes people of all skill levels. (Facebook 的志愿者号召最终将 150 名面包师 加入他们的名单，其中包括各种技能水平的人广可知，这个团队召集了很多志愿者假如，故 使志愿者们建立起紧密联系，形成这个队伍。故选C项。K23题详析H考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“想象一个孩子吃不到生日蛋糕，真的让人心烦，”罗戈夫 斯基说。A. amazing令人

32、大为惊叹的；B. upsetting令人心烦意乱的；C.confusing令人疑惑 的；D. pleasing 令人开心的。根据上文“Brendons came from Cakes for Kids, a group of home bakers who recognize that a simple birthday cake can be impossible for families like the Fontaines.(布伦登的惊喜来自“儿童蛋糕(CakesforKids),这是一群家庭烘焙师，他们认识 到，对于方丹这样的家庭来说，简单的生日蛋糕是不可能的户可知，罗戈夫斯基建立团队

33、, 为不能吃到生日蛋糕的孩子送蛋糕，可推测得知有孩子因为贫穷无法享受生日蛋糕，他的内 心很不好受。故选B项。K24题详析考查副词词义辨析。句意：Facebook的志愿者号召最终将150名面包师加入他们的名 单，其中包括各种技能水平的人。A. hardly几乎不；B. accidentally意外地；C.frequently频 繁地；D. eventually 最终。根据下文“When volunteers first apply, they9re asked why they want to (当志愿者第一次申请时，他们会被问到为什么他们想做出贡献)”可知，这些 志愿者先申请，可能还会筛选，因

34、此150进入的志愿者是最终入选的。故选D项。K25题详析I考查动词词义辨析。句意：当志愿者第一次申请时，他们会被问到为什么他们想做出贡 献。A. quit 放弃；B. contribute 贡献；C. agree 同意；D. play 玩。根据上文“When volunteers first apply (当志愿者第一次申请时广可知，这些会做蛋糕的人假加入团体做志愿者工作，本 身就是一种贡献。故选B项。K26题详析考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“有些人说，他们成长时的生日没有蛋糕，他们知道蛋糕 有多重要，“辛格尔顿说。A. important重要的；B. boring无聊的；C. terrible

35、糟糕的；D. complex 复杂的 o 根据上文“Imagining a child who wasnt going to have a birthday cake was really upsetting （想象一个孩子吃不到生日蛋糕，真的让人心烦广可知，大多数人认为生日蛋糕对过生日的孩 子而言，很重要。故选A项。K27题详析考查动词短语辨析。句意：不过，更常见的情况是，他们说他们希望有需要的家庭知道 他们的邻居关心他们。A. laugh at嘲笑;B. talk about讨论；C care about关心；D. rely on依 赖。根据下文“It shows the children

36、 that they have a lot of people there to support 11them, she says.（这向孩子们表明，有很多人支持他们，“她说户可知，这些志愿者之所以愿 意做出贡献，是为了告诉孩子们有人支持他们，即有人关心他们。故选C项。K28题详析I考查名词词义辨析。句意：蛋糕接收者由社区组织和温尼伯儿童和家庭服务机构决定， 他们向罗戈夫斯基和辛格尔顿发送有关每个孩子兴趣和喜爱口味的信息。A. sports运动；B. films电影；C.songs歌曲；D. flavors 口味。根据本文“The cake receivers （蛋糕接收者）”可知， 是收到蛋

37、糕的人的信息会发送给罗戈夫斯基和辛格尔顿。由此推知，这信息肯定是跟蛋糕有 关，极有可能是蛋糕想要是什么口味的。故选D项。K29题详析I考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为家里缺钱的孩子可能会收到蛋糕。A. money钱；B. water 水；C. education 教育；D. clothes 衣月艮。彳艮据上文“Brendons surprise came from Cakes fbr Kids, a group of home bakers who recognize that a simple birthday cake can be impossible for families like t

38、he Fontaines.（布伦登的惊喜来自“儿童蛋糕（Cakes for Kids）,这是一群家庭烘焙师， 他们认识到，对于方丹这样的家庭来说，简单的生日蛋糕是不可能的）”可知，罗戈夫斯基建 立团队是为了给无法购买生日蛋糕费用家庭的孩子送去蛋糕。由此可知，这些家庭缺钱。故 选A项。K30题详析H考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这向孩子们表明，有很多人支持他们，“她说。A.frightens 使害怕；B. worries使担心；C. shows展示;D. shocks使震惊。根据下文“they have a lot of people there to them （有很多人支持他们户可知，很多孩子收

39、到了送的蛋糕，而“送 蛋糕”这个行为与“有很多人支持他们”之间存在联系，即“送蛋糕”这个行为能向孩子们展示 他人的支持和爱。故选c项。K31题详析H考查动词词义辨析。句意：这向孩子们表明，有很多人支持他们，“她说。A.share分享； B. stop 停止；C. memorize 回忆；D. support 支持。根据上文“More commonly, though, they say they want families in need to know that their neighbors care about them.（不过，更 常见的情况是，他们说他们希望有需要的家庭知道他们的邻居

40、关心他们户可知，这种“送蛋 糕的行为”向孩子们展现了他人的关心，即支持。故选D项。K32题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于大多数孩子来说，蛋糕是什么样子并不重要；只要得到 一个就很令人兴奋。A. matter要紧；B. occur发生；C. work工作；D. exist存在。根据下文 “what the cake looks like （蛋糕是什么样子的）”可知，对这些孩子买不起蛋糕的孩子而言，能 有一个蛋糕足以让他们开心，因此蛋糕的样子不要紧。故选A项。K33题详析考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于大多数孩子来说，蛋糕是什么样子并不重要，只要得 到一个就很令人兴奋。A. annoying恼人的

41、；B.exciting令人激动的；C.convincing令人信服 的；D. disappointing 令人失望的。根据上文“Some people have said that they didnt have a cake on their birthday growing up, and they know how important it is （有些人说，他们成长时的生日 没有蛋糕，他们知道蛋糕有多重要广可知，生日蛋糕很重要，因此那些买不起蛋糕的孩子只 要能收到一个蛋糕就很兴奋了。故选B项。K34题详析X考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这是一个非常好的工具，有助于促进他们之间的关系，“她

42、说，并补充说，这也可以建立父母对她的信任。A. change改变；B. hurt伤害；C.promote促 进； D. accept 接受。 根据上文Korolyk sometimes arranges for parents whose children are in foster care to bring the cake to their kids themselves.（科罗利克有时会安排孩子在寄养家庭的父 母亲自将蛋糕带给孩子）可知，父母把孩子放在寄养家庭，两者的关系肯定不如一般的亲子 那么密切，而父母亲自送蛋糕，一定是能够让孩子感受到父母的关爱的，因此能促进亲子关 系。故选c项。

43、K35题详析I考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是一个非常好的工具，有助于促进他们之间的关系，“她 说，并补充说，这也可以建立父母对她的信任。A. delight开心;B.pride自豪;C. disbelief 不相信;D. trust 信任。根据上文“Jodi Korolyk, a family services worker has so far ordered birthday cakes for five of the almost 800 kids in their system.(家庭服务工作者乔迪科罗利克迄今为止为 他们系统中近800名孩子中的5名订购了生日蛋糕厂可知，科罗利克是家庭

44、服务工作者，她 开展工作需要服务对象的信任。由此推知，她安排如此贴心的父母送蛋糕活动温暖人心，能 增加服务对象对她的信任。故选D项。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Advertising refers to the activity of promoting a product or service. In addition to making people aware of a product or service, a successful advertisement will also create a de

45、sire 36 (buy), thus boosting business. To achieve the goal, so far advertisers37 (develop) ways of persuading people into purchasing their products or services. One common technique is to create a 38 (memory) slogan, 39 uses simple but impressive language to make us aware of the product or service b

46、eing advertised. Some of these slogans may also appeal 40 our emotions. Another technique advertisers often employ is to link their company or product to 41 brand ambassador”. The more we like the ambassador, the more we 42 (attract) to buy a product. Besides, there are also some advertisements that

47、 are not so obvious. Produce placement is 43 (typical) used in films with huge box-office and TV shows with high ratings.Now advertising is becoming more digital and more personalized compared with that of the past, we are very likely to receive special discounts and 44 (promote) targeted specifical

48、ly at us. In the future, advertising will be even more about understanding individual customers and 45(send) them advertisements that are tailored to specific needs.K 答 案 H 36. to buy 37. have developed 38. memorable 39. which 40. to 41. a 42. will be attracted # are attracted 43. typically 44. promotions 45. sendingK导语本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广告吸引顾客的方法和对广告发展趋势的展望。K36题详析H考查非谓语动词。句意：另外为了使人们了解到产品和服务，成功的广告会创造出一种 购买的渴望，因此使商业得到增长。名词desire表示“渴望”，一般跟不定式作后置定语，意 为“做的渴望”。故填to buy。K37题详析I考查动词时态。句意：为了实现目标，目前广告人已经发展了许多劝说人们购买他们的 产品和服务的各种方