考点17--词义猜测之猜测句子的意思--练高考--心中有数（教师版）.docx

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1、考点17 .词义猜想之猜想句子的意思-练高考.心中有数1.12019浙江卷】Money with no strings attached. Its not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, nGive What You Can, Take What You Need.People quickly caught on.

2、 And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took, “said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. nWe even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few do

3、llars? Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say fbr the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles J Bridges said. Theres a certa

4、in feeling that giving can do fbr you and that was apparent in those that gave the most. Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show gene

5、rosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days J he said. Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”24. What does

6、 the expression nmoney with no strings attached1 in paragraph 1 mean? A. Money spent without hesitation.B. Money not legally made.C. Money offered without conditions.D. Money not tied together.【答案】24. C【文章大意】文章介绍了 Tyler Bridges所发动的一个工程，让有善心的人捐助钱财，让需 要的人自取钱财，而这个工程的宗旨就在于让人们能够互相帮助。24, C句意理解题。根据下文的故事并结合

7、第一段板上写的言语“Give what you can. Take what you need”可知，这里的钱是可以随意拿取的，并不附带任何条件，应选C项。2.【2020天津高考第一次】Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If youre studying history, asking yourself the question why is history important is a very good first step. History is an essential par

8、t of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more

9、 meaningful glimpse （一瞥） into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need aMost teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purpose in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old sophomore at STEM School Highlands Ranch has been coming up

10、 with innovative solutions lo worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the youngster was selected from 5,000 equally impressive nomineesaged 8 to 16-for TIME Magazines first-ever “Kid of the Year.”The young girl, who knew she wanted to bring change and positivity t

11、o her community since 3rd grade, was just ten years old when she heard about the lead-tainted （含铅的）water in Flint, Michigan, in 2015. After spending two months researching how the areas drinking water became polluted, Rao began designing a device called Tethys, which attaches to a cellphone and info

12、rms the resident via an APP if their drinking water contains traces of the harmful metal. The prototype （模型）earned her the Young Scientist Challenge Award in 2017. A start-up entrepreneur is working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys potential and hopes the device will be ready

13、 for commercial use by 2022.In 2019, Rao took on another social issue-opioid addiction. The app she designed won the Pillar Prize at the Innovation Student Challenge, which helps to catch drug addiction in young adults before ifs too late. Rao said. I wanted to come up with a way to diagnose such ad

14、diction at an early stage so you can take action earlier.More recently, the teenager has created another inspiring app. I stared to hard-code （编写硬 编码）in some words that could be considered bullying, and then the computer search engine took those words and identified words that are similar. You type

15、in a word or phrase, and its able to pick it up if its bullying, and it gives you the option to edit it or send it the way it is. Rao told editor Angelina in an interview. The goal is not to punish. Instead, it gives you the chance to rethink what youre saying so that you know what to do next time a

16、round.” 9. How is Gitanjali Rao different from most teenagers?A. She is trying to find her passion and purpose in life.B. She is a sophomore at STEM School Highlands Ranch.C. She has put forward creative answers to worldwide problems.D. She applied to be Kid of the Year of TIME Magazine. 10. What ca

17、n we learn about Tethys from Paragraph 2? A. It is a device for residents to research the drinking water. B. The traces of the harmful metal will be presented on it. C. Its phone APP tells users whether the water is polluted. D. A start-up entrepreneur has put Tethys on the market.11. What does the

18、underlined expression opioid addiction“ in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Internet addiction.B. Drug abuse.C. App innovation.D. Health diagnosis.12. What is the goal of the app against cyberbullying?A. To give a punishment for bullying.B. To guide users to send proper words.C. To withdraw bullying messages

19、.D. To help find more accurate expressions.【答案】9. CIO. Cll. B12. B【解析】这是一篇说明文文。主要介绍了美国女孩Gitanjali Rao创造的新科技涵盖各个领域, 帮助解决社会问题，因此，她被时代杂志评选为第一位“年度少年”。9 .细节理解题。根据第一段Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purpose in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old sophomore at STEM Sch

20、ool Highlands Ranch has been coming up with innovative solutions lo worldwide problems since she was ten.（大多数 青少年仍在努力寻找生活中的激情和目标。然而，不是吉坦贾利拉奥。这位15岁的STEM School Highlands Ranch的大二学生从10岁起就一直在为世界范围内的问题提出创新的解决 方案。）“可知，Gitanjali Rao与大多数青少年不同，她对世界性的问题提出了创造性的答案。 应选C项。10 .细节理解题。根据第二段“After spending two month

21、s researching how the areas drinking water became polluted, Rao began designing a device called Tethys, which attaches to a cellphone and informs the resident via an APP if their drinking water contains traces of the harmful metal.（在花了两个月的时间研究该地区的饮用水如何受到污染后，Rao开始设计一款名为Tethys 的设备，该设备连接到手机上，通过应用程序通知居民

22、饮用水是否含有有害金属的痕迹。）” 可知，Gitanjali Rao设计的手机应用程序可以告诉用户水是否被污染了。应选C项。11 .词句猜想题。根据第三段The app she designed won the Pillar Prize at the Innovation Student Challenge, which helps to catch drug addiction in young adults before its too late.（她设计的应用 程序在创新学生挑战赛中获得了支柱奖，帮助年轻人在为时已晚之前戒掉药物上瘾。）”可知, Gitanjali Rao设计的应用程序是

23、为了帮助年轻人戒掉药物上瘾，推测划线短语表示“药物上 瘾”,与drug abuse同义。应选B项。12 .推理判断题。根据最后一段“The goal is not to punish. Instead, it gives you the chance to rethink what youre saying so that you know what to do next time around.（我们的 目标不是惩 罚。相反，它让你有机会重新思考自己在说什么，这样你就知道下次该做什么。）”可知，应 用程序对抗网络霸凌的目标是引导用户重新思考，发送合适的文字。应选B项。8.【江西省七校2021

24、-2022学年高三上学期第一次联考】Weve been hearing for decades about the complex intelligence of plants; but a new study, conducted by researchers at the University of Missouri, managed to figure out one new important element: plants can tell when theyre being eaten, and they dont like it.The word “intelligence”,

25、when applied to any non-human animal or plant, is imprecise and sort of meaningless: research done to determine “intelligence“ mostly just aims to learn how similar the inner workings of another organism is to a human thought process. But these studies do give us insight into how other organisms thi

26、nk and behave, whatever tthink might mean.The researchers were seeking to answer an unusual question: does a plant know when its being eaten? To do that, the researchers had to first make a precise version of the vibrations （振动） that a caterpillar （毛虫）makes as it cats leaves. The theory is that its

27、these vibrations that the plant can somehow feel or hear. In addition, the researchers also came up with other vibrations the plant might experience, like wind noise.This particular study was on the thale cress. It actually produces some mustard oils （芥子油）, which are mildly poisonous when eaten, and

28、 sends them through the leaves to stop caterpillars. And the study showed that when the plants felt or heard the vibrations made by caterpillars, they sent out extra mustard oils into the leaves. When they felt or heard other vibrations? Nothing. Its a far more dynamic defense than scientists had re

29、alized: the plant is more aware of its surroundings and able to respond than expected.There9s more research to be done; nobodys quite sure by what mechanism the plant can actually feel or hear these vibrations. But its really promising research; there9s even talk of using sound waves to encourage cr

30、ops to, say, grow faster, or send out specific defenses against attacks. Imagine knowing that a frost is coming, and being able to encourage plants to fruit faster by simply blasting them with music. Thats the kind of crazy sci-fi future this indicates.1. What does the underlined part other organism

31、s“ in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Intelligence of plants.B.Non-human living things.C.Human thought processes.D.The inner workings of plants.2. What is the role of mustard oils produced by thethale cress?A.Keeping the plants surroundings safe.B.Acting as defenses to stop caterpillars.C.Making the plant aw

32、are of the vibrations.D.Sending warnings against caterpillarscoming.3. What does the underlined word “Nothing in Paragraph 4 indicate?A. The plants failed to identify other vibrations.B. The plants sent out more mustard oils into the leaves.C. The plants could identify vibrations from caterpillars.D

33、. The plants prevented caterpillars from eating the leaves.4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The plans for the study.B. The problems with the study.C. The significance of the study.D. The achievements of the study.【答案】1. B2. B3. C4. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于植物的复杂智能，但密苏里大学的研究人 员进行的一项新研究设法发现

34、了一个新的重要因素：植物可以分辨出它们什么时候被吃，以 及会有一定的防御机制。1 .词句猜想题。根据上文“research done to determine “intelligence mostly just aims to learn how similar the inner workings of another organism is to a human thought process.（确定“智能” 的研究大多只是为了了解另一个有机体的内部工作与人类思维过程有多相似。）可以看出， 研究事项比照其他有机体和人类的区别，所以other organisms的意思与B选项“Non-hum

35、an living things（非人类的生物）意思接近。应选B项。2 .细节理解题。根据第四段第二句It actually produces some mustard oils （芥子油）,which are mildly poisonous when eaten, and sends them through the leaves to stop caterpillars.（它实际上 会产生一些芥子油，这种油在食用时是轻微毒性，并将它们通过叶子阻止毛毛虫。）可知， B选项“Acting as defenses to stop caterpillars”（作为防御来阻止毛虫）是芥子油的功能。

36、应选 B项。3 .词句猜想题。根据第四段划线局部上句“And the study showed that when the plants felt or heard the vibrations made by caterpillars, they sent out extra mustard oils into the leaves. When they felt or heard other vibrations? Nothing.（研究说明，当植物感觉到或听到毛虫发出的振 动时，它们会向叶子中释放出额外的芥子油。当它们感觉到或听到其它振动时？什么都没 有。）可知，thale cress可

37、以区分毛虫的震动，对其他的震动不作出反响，所以C项“The plants could identify vibrations from caterpillars.（这些植物能够识别毛毛虫发出的振动。）为Nothing 暗含的意思。应选C项。4 .主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But its really promising research（但这是一项很有前途的研 究）及上下文可知，最后一段是关于此类研究的重要意义，所以C选项“The significance of the study（研究的重要性）为正确选项。应选C项。9.【宁夏银川一中2021-2022学年高三上学期第五次月考】I went

38、with my husband to Roatan for our vacation, a tropical island off the north coast of Honduras, where tourists can swim with dolphins at Anthonys Key Resort.The Roatan dolphins are kept in a roped-off pen（围栏）.The cheapest swim with the dolphins costs $ 89, Kissing costs extra. The tourists line up an

39、d, one after another, get photographed while being kissed“ by a dolphin. The tourist bends down a bit, the trainer lifts an arm, the dolphin comes up and for a few seconds holds its bottlenose to the tourists face. The picture is ready for purchase when the tourists exit through the gift shop.These

40、tourists must love dolphins, but what kind of love is that? At sea these highly intelligent creatures are always on the move, traveling thousands of miles. They are complex social creatures that need a lot of space to live in.Yet Teri Bolton, the head trainer at Anthonys Key Resort, defends the pen

41、as a suitable habitat. “We feel this is the closest to keeping things as natural as possible”, she said. “Youre getting a window into how these animals really are/9The discussion about this tourist behavior can be found on the Internet. Some people try to justify their desire, saying the fence of th

42、e pen is low; the dolphins could jump over it if theywanted to, and therefore they5re staying in captivity（圈养）by free will. One contributor to the discussion said, Dolphins are social creatures. Jumping over the fence would mean leaving the females and their babies. Besides, by now they are used to

43、captivity with three meals a day. Jumping over the fence would be like asking you to jump out of a spaceship alone onto Mars.”But visiting any institution that keeps dolphins in captivity means supporting the concept of captivity. Its like wearing a fur coat and then justifying it by saying its OK b

44、ecause the animals are already dead.Remember that you cannot buy love, and if you try to buy dolphin love, you hurt the ones you love. In fact, a dolphins kiss has nothing to do with love, just as a dolphins smile has nothing to do with happiness. While many claim that dolphin encounters provide hea

45、ling（治疗）qualities and help you to feel better, the opposite is true for the supposed healers.1. How much does a tourist pay for a dolphins kiss?A.More than $ 89.B.Less than $ 89.C.As much as $ 89.D.Its free of charge.2. What do some people onthe Internet think of the pen for dolphins?A.It?s like a p

46、rison.B.Its like a spaceship.C.Ifs no fun for the dolphins.D.Its suitable fbr the dolphins.3. What do the underlined the supposed healers“ in the last paragraph refer to?A.Dolphin lovers.B.Unhealthy people.C.Dolphins in the wild.D.Dolphins in captivity.4. Which of the following is a suitable title f

47、or the text?A. Are Dolphins As Smart As Humans?B. Swimming with Dolphins: Is It Love or Not?C. Dolphins-Creatures with FeelingsKissing-A New Way to Communicate with Dolphins【答案】1. A2. D3. D4. B【解析这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要作者通过观看被圈养的海豚后有感，就圈养海豚现 象提出质疑，驳斥一些人士提出的圈养论，提出海豚和人们表现出亲密的互动并不代表海豚 自己快乐以及对人们有爱。1 .细节理解题。根据文章第

48、二段“The cheapest swim” with the dolphins costs $ 89, Kissing costs extra.（和海豚游泳最廉价要花费89美元，亲吻海豚要花费更多）可以推断，亲吻海豚 花费超过89美元。应选A项。2 .推理判断题。根据第五段“the dolphins could jump over it if they wanted to, and therefore they9re staying in captivity （圈养）by free will. （海豚们如不想被圈养可以跳过围栏出去， 所以他们保持圈养是他们自由的意愿）和“Besides, by

49、 now they are used to captivity with three meals a day. Jumping over the fence would be like asking you to jump out of a spaceship alone onto Mars.（而且，到现在他们已经适应于一日三餐的圈养，跳出围栏就像叫你单独跳出太 空飞船去火星一样）可以推断，一些人已经认为这些海豚已经适应圈养而不愿意再回归大自 然了。应选D项。3 .词义猜想题。由文章最后一段“While many claim that dolphin encounters provide healing qualities and help you to feel bet