专题07 语法填空- 【大题精做】冲刺2023年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）（解析版）.docx

《专题07 语法填空- 【大题精做】冲刺2023年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）（解析版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题07 语法填空- 【大题精做】冲刺2023年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）（解析版）.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题07语法填空题型简介语法填空题将语法知识的考查融于一篇英语短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表 现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力，更能客观、准确地考察学生的语法知识水平。语法填 空题命题首先突出在以下四个方面的能力：语法加语境，语法与上下文，语法加比较辨析和情景会话用语； 其次要讲究测试面广，涉及到的语法测试点要多，这也是愈发测试的一个非常重要的特色。如语法测试体 的测试点包括动词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、 复合句、强调句、感叹句、倒装句、反意疑问句、省略句和it的用法等，在这些测试项目中，动词及非谓 语动词形式

2、又是重点中的测试重点，从这几年语法测试题看，动词的比例占有率相当大。因此语法填空题 选材必须注意：所选句子的语言形式要正确，原汁原味，所选句子的意思要清晰明了，句子的语法结构功 能可以完美地服务于句子的语义。典例在线Researchers say they have found microplastics (微塑料)-tiny pieces of plastic that come as a result of thedisposal of industrial waste-deep in the lungs of living (human) for the first time.The r

3、esearch, which 2 (publish) in the journal Science of the Total Environment last week, is the first study 3 (identify) the plastics in the lungs of living people. The plastics have 4 (previous) been found in human blood, waste and in the depths of the ocean.In the study, researchers 5 (collect) lung

4、tissue from surgical procedures on patients as part of their routine medical care. Researchers identified 12 types of microplastics, 6 are commonly found in bottles, packaging, and clothing, along with other manufacturing processes.The study notes 7 increasing concem with the harni that could come w

5、ith swallowing and breathing in microplastics.The world produces about 300 million metric tons of plastic a year and about 80% ends 8 in landfills and other parts of the environment. Microplastics can range from 10 nano-meters- 9 (small) than the human eye can see-to 5 millimeters in diameter, about

6、 the size of the eraser on the end of a pencil. Researchers have found them 10 (float) in the air, in tap or bottled water, and in the sea or soil.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了研究人员首次在人类肺部深处发现了微塑料。1. humans【解析】考查名词。句意：研究人员表示，他们首次在人类肺部深处发现了微塑料工业废物处理产生的微小塑料碎片。human是可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以此处要用其复数形式。故填humans。2. was publish

7、ed【解析】考查时态语态。句意：这项研究是第一项识别活人肺部塑料的研究，上周发表在1. worse【解析】考查短语。句意：更糟糕的是，一些专家声称，如果你的睡眠不正确，你的寿命将会缩短。even worse更糟的是。故填worse。2. trapped【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最让我们陷入忧虑的是我们睡眠不足，每晚不足7小时。be trapped in陷入，在句中作宾语补足语，所以过去分词形式。故填trapped。3. an【解析】考查冠词。句意：第一个问题是，虽然建议成年人睡七到八小时，但这只是一个平均水平。 名词average为“平均，平均水平”之意，为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素

8、开头，所以用不定冠词an。 故填anois associated【解析】考查时态。句意：的确，长期睡眠不足与健康问题有关。be associated with与相联系;与有关。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is associated。4. but/while【解析】考查连词。句意：有些成年人需要8小时，但有些人只需要6小时就可以了。前后句 之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词。故填but/while。5. sleeping【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二个问题是，它可能会误导人，尤其是对那些确实有睡眠问 题的人。have trouble doing sth.做某事有困难。故填sleepingod

9、evices【解析】考查名词的数。句意：例如，现在很多成年人都戴着睡眠追踪设备。名词device为可数 名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填devices。6. which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是有了所有这些睡眠数据，一些人开始担心或担心，这导致了 更多的睡眠问题。指代前面一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。7. reasonably【解析】考查副词。句意：我白天是否休息得很好？形容词well-rested前用副词修饰。故填 reasonably owithout【解析】考查介词。句意：我可以一整天都保持清醒而没有不知不觉的睡着吗？结合句意可知， 动名词f

10、alling asleep前用介词without,表示没有“。故填withouto二、(2023广东深圳统考一模)For Greek photographer George Doupas, Beijing is home now. During the past decade, he has been photographing the city, capturing its beauty 11 sharing these photos online and in exhibitions.“This 12 (true) represents Beijing - the old and the

11、new, nicely mixing together,Doupas said while showing his photograph of the Zhihua Temple, a delicate Ming Dynasty building. It 13 (locate) in front of a modern office building, Galaxy SOHO, which features weaving bridges and interlocking passageways.With rich historical heritage, Beijing 14 (be)an

12、important center of traditional Chinese culture since theMing Dynasty. Doupas often gets15 (lose) in the citys splendid ancient architecture. Meanwhile, he is alsoamazed by the modern city 16(combine) high-end businesses and various industries. It is fascinating to seea rapidly-developing city that

13、invests so much effort in preserving its past, which is 17 I decided to pursue my career here J he said.Doupas is determined to continue with his career in China, hoping to serve as 18 bridge between China and the West. The 19 (display) that show his photos about Beijing have attracted a large audie

14、nce in Greece and the Czech Republic.“I call Beijing my home now,“ he said, Til keep sharing photos of China 20 the rest of the world.” 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在过去的十年里，生活在北京的希腊摄影师乔治杜帕斯一直在拍摄这座 城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和展览中分享这些照片。8. and【解析】考查连词。句意：在过去的十年里，他一直在拍摄这座城市，捕捉它的美丽，并在网上和 展览中分享这些照片。根据句意和空格后的sharing分析句子可知，sharing和上

15、文的photographing以及 capturing是并列关系，所以空格处应该填入并列连词and。故填and。9. truly【解析】考查副词。句意：“这真正代表了北京旧与新，完美地融合在一起，”杜帕斯在展示他 拍摄的智化寺的照片时说，智化寺是一座精致的明代建筑。根据句意和所给形容词true分析句子可知，空 格处应该填入形容词true的副词形式truly作状语，修饰后面的动词represento故填trulyois located【解析】考查时态、固定搭配和主谓一致。句意：它位于现代办公大楼银河SOHO的前面， 以编织的桥梁和环环相扣的通道为特色。根据句意和所给动词locate分析句子可知，

16、此处是考查动词locate 的用法be located in+地点(坐落于)；根据句意和后面从句的时态是一般现在时可知，主句也应该用一 般现在时；再由主语it可知，谓语动词应该用单数形式。故填is located。10. has been【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：北京拥有丰富的历史遗产，自明朝以来一直是中国传统 文化的重要中心。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由时间状语since the Ming Dynasty 可知，句子应该用现在完成时；再由主语Beijing可知，谓语动词应该用单数形式。故填has been。11. lost【解析】考查形容词。句意：杜帕斯经常在这

17、座城市辉煌的古建筑中迷路。根据句意和所给动词lose 以及空格前的get分析句子可知，空格处应该填入形容词lost作表语。故填lost。16. combining【解析】考查现在分词。句意：同时，他也惊叹于这座融合了高端商业和各行业的现代化城 市。根据句意和所给动词combine分析句子可知，空格处应该填入combine的非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面 的名词city,因为名词city和动词combine之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词combining作定语。故填combining o17. why【解析】考查连接副词。句意：他说：“看到一座快速发展的城市投入如此大的精力来保护它的过 去，这是

18、令人着迷的，这就是我决定在这里追求事业的原因。”根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一 个表语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，所以应该用连接副词why。故 填 why。18. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：杜帕斯决心在中国继续他的职业生涯，希望成为中国和西方之间的桥梁。 根据句意和空格后的单数可数名词bridge分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个不定冠词，表泛指，因为bridge 的发音是辅音音素开头，所以应该用不定冠词a。故填a。19. displays【解析】考查可数名词单复数。句意：展览展示了他关于北京的照片，吸引了希腊和捷克共和 国的大量观众。根据句意和所给可

19、数名词display分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的主语，由句中的助动词 have可知，句子的主语应该是复数形式displays。故填displays。20. with【解析】考查介词。句意：“我现在把北京当成我的家，”他说，“我会继续把中国的照片分享给世 界其他地方。”根据句意和句中的动词share分析句子，此处是考查动词share和介词with的搭配：share something with somebody (和某人分享某物)。故填 with。三、(2023湖北校联考三模)With the World Cup successfully held in Qatar, made in Chin

20、a objects are having increasing presence in the biggest football celebration across the globe, with Chinese brands betting on sponsorship21 (enhance) their international influence, Beijing Business Today reported. Data showed Chinese companies provided 22 (much) sponsorship tax income than companies

21、 from any other country at the 2022 World Cup, 23 (rank) as the worlds top with nearly $1.4 billion. Apart from big companies, manufacturers from Yiwu, Chinas small commodity (商品)center, also witnessed their growing influence during the world-famous sports event. From footballs and national flags 24

22、 horns and whistles, over 60 percent of souvenirs 25 (produce) in Yiwu for this years World Cup. In terms of the26 (globe)industrial supply chain, made in Yiwu, has already become a worldwide commercial symbol originating from China, 27 indicates reliance and trust，said Song Xiangqing, an economist

23、and the vice-president of the Commerce Economy Association of China. CCTV news reported that Chinese companies mainly from Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces have also provided more than 10,000 container houses for the World Cup, 28 (use) as accommodation for tourists and football fans. The World Cup

24、sponsorship by 29 large number of Chinese companies is a 30(demonstrate) of Chinas economic power, and makes the globe feel the power of Chinese brands J Song said.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们展示中国企业正成为2022年卡塔尔世界杯的最大赞助商，“中 国制造”在这场最大规模的足球商业赛事中的影响力也越来越大。21. to enhance【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据北京商报报道，随着世界杯在卡塔尔成功举办，“中 国制造”

25、的物品在这场全球最大的足球盛会中越来越多地出现，中国品牌押注赞助以提高他们的国际影响力。 该空所给词enhance为动词，意为“提高”在句中作目的状语，应使用动词不定式形式。故填to enhance。22. more【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：数据显示，中国企业在2022年世界杯上提供的赞助税收入超 过了其他任何国家的企业，以近14亿美元位居世界第一。根据后文中的than判断，该空所给形容词much 应使用比较级形式。故填more。23. ranking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：数据显示，中国企业在2022年世界杯上提供的赞助税收入超 过了其他任何国家的企业，以近14亿美元位居世界第一

26、。该空用作非谓语动词，该空短语是前面事情造成 的意料之中、自然而然的结果，所给动词rank在句中作结果状语，应使用现在分词形式。故填ranking。24. to【解析】考查介词。句意：从足球、国旗到喇叭和哨子，今年的世界杯超过60%的纪念品产于义乌。 短语固定搭配from从到)o故填to。25. produced【解析】考查时态语态。句意：从足球、国旗到喇叭和哨子，今年的世界杯超过60%的纪念品 产于义乌。该空所给动词produce在句中作谓语，主语over 60 percent of souvenirs,纪念品被制作，应使用 被动语态；结合上下文，发生在已结束的世界杯期间的事情，应使用一般过

27、去时，主语复数，谓语复数形 式。故填 were producedoglobal【解析】考查形容词。句意：在全球产业供应链方面，“义乌制造”已经成为源自中国的一个全球 商业符号，象征着依赖和信任。该空用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语industrial supply chain,其形容词修饰 拼写为global。故填global。26. which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在全球产业供应链方面，“义乌制造”已经成为源自中国 的一个全球商业符号，象征着依赖和信任。分析句子，该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，指代 先行词symbol,先行词指物，关系词在从句中做主语，用关系代词which

28、。故填which。27. used【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据央视新闻报道，主要来自广东和浙江的中国企业也为世界杯提 供了 1万多套集装箱房，用于游客和球迷的住宿。非谓语动词use在句中作定语，与houses是被动关系， 应使用过去分词修饰。故填used。28. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：大量中国企业赞助世界杯是中国经济实力的展示，也让全球感受到中国品 牌的力量。固定短语a large number of意为“许多的，符合语境。故填a。29. demonstration【解析】考查名词。句意：大量中国企业赞助世界杯是中国经济实力的展示，也让全球感 受到中国品牌的力量。根据前面冠词a可知，该

29、空需要一个名词作表语，所给词demonstrate为动词，其名 词拼写为 demonstrationo 故填 demonstrationo四、(2022山东山东省实验中学校考三模)Nowadays feeling stressed from time to time is extremely common in society. On many occasions your doctor said he could not find anything wrong with you. Perhaps you were advised to go to the hospital again and

30、 again, but all the fancy equipment there still 31 (show) there was nothing wrong with you and you were often puzzled at the conclusion. Then probably you might be in a state of sub-health. Sub-health, also 32 (call) the third state or the grey state, is referred to 33 a borderline between health an

31、d disease. The reason why people catch such kind of disease is not that clear.According to 34 investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of sub-healthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage among people 35 work in important management positions is even 36 (high) t

32、han that of the students around the exam time, due to 37 (they) heightened exposure to stress. The key to preventing and 38 (recover) from sub-health, according to some medical experts, is to form good habits, alternate work with rest, exercise 39 (regular) and take an active part in open-air activi

33、ties. As for meals, they should eat more fresh vegetables, fruits and fish which are rich in nutritional 40 (element)一that are significant to the body.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了亚健康状态以及如何预防和并从亚健康中恢复。30. showed【解析】考查时态。句意：也许有人建议你一次又一次去医院，但那里所有的花哨设备仍然表 明你没有什么问题，你常常对结论感到困惑。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上文“you were advi

34、sed”可知，此处应用一般过去时态。故填showed。31. called【解析】考查过去分词。句意：亚健康，也称为第三状态或灰色状态，被称为健康和疾病之间的 边界。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。主语“Sub-health”与动词call”构成逻辑上的动宾关 系，故用过去分词。故填called。32. as【解析】考查介词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入介词。be referred to as是固定短语, 意为“被称为故填as。33. an【解析】考查冠词。句意：根据国家卫生组织的一项调查，超过45%的亚健康人群是中年或老年人。 分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，

35、此处意为“一项调查、表示泛指，故用不定冠词。investigation 以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。34. who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：担任重要管理职位的人所占的比例甚至高于在考试期间的学生,这是因为他们面临的压力越来越大。分析句子可知，空格处应填入限制性定语从句的引导词。先行词是people, 指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。35. higher【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入。根据空后“than”可 知,此处应用比较级。故填higher。36. their【解析】考查物主代词。

36、句意：同上。根据空后名词短语“heightened exposure”可知，空格处应填 入形容词性的物主代词，意为“他们的故填their。37. recovering【解析】考查动名词。句意：根据一些医学专家的说法，预防和恢复亚健康的关键是养成良 好的习惯，劳逸结合，定期锻炼，积极参加户外活动。根据空格前的“preventing and”可知，空格处应填入动 名词与preventing并列作宾语。故填recoveringoregularly【解析】考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语修饰动词exercise。 故填 regularly o38. elements【解析】考

37、查名词的数。句意：至于膳食，他们应该多吃新鲜的蔬菜、水果和鱼，它们富含对 身体有益的营养元素。根据空后定语从句“that are significant to the body”可知，先行词element应用复数形式。 故填 elements o五、(2023河北衡水中学校考模拟预测)Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist 41 has spent more than half a century researching and preserv

38、ing the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province 42 (know) as the Daughter of Dunhuang in her field, though “protector“ is probably a more fitting 43 (describe).Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking Uni

39、versity, then as a conservationist when she 44 (become) the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site 45 being destroyed.“It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an 46 (extreme) weak old person. It has47 (variety) illnesses. If y

40、ou are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,“ Fan says.Today, thanks to the work of great 48 (archaeologist) such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the worlds largest and best-preserved collection of Buddhist relics 49 (date) from the 15th to the 13th centuries. The main Mogao site is made u

41、p of 735 caves spread across a 1,700-metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁iffll)50 more than 2,000 colourful sculptures.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“敦煌的女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌文物作出的巨大贡献。39. who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意:这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃 省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处引导 定语

42、从句，指代先行词archaeologist,且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/thato 42. is known【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和 保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。 根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。句子的主语The Chinese archaeologist是单数， 和know之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is known。43. description【解析】考查名词。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多

43、世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省 古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌之女”，尽管“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。设空处被不定 冠词a修饰，应使用名词的单数形式。故填description。44. became【解析】考查时态。句意：樊锦诗从20世纪60年代初开始研究这一历史遗址，最初是北京大 学考古专业的本科生，1984年成为敦煌研究院副院长，作为一名自然保护主义者，该研究院旨在防止这一 古老遗址被破坏。根据下文中的in 1984可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应使用一般过去时。故填became。45. from【解析】考查介词。句意：樊锦诗从20世纪60年代初开始研究这一历史遗址，最初是北

44、京大学 考古专业的本科生，1984年成为敦煌研究院副院长，作为一名自然保护主义者，该研究院旨在防止这一古 老遗址被破坏。prevent sth. from doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“防止某事物发生某种情况”。故填from。46. extremely【解析】考查副词。句意：这是一个老人，一个极其虚弱的老人。设空处作状语，修饰形容 词weak,应使用副词。故填extremely。47. various【解析】考查形容词。句意：它有各种各样的疾病。设空处作定语，修饰名词illnesses,应使用 形容词,故填various。48. archaeologists【解析】考查名词的数。句意：

45、今天，多亏了樊锦诗等伟大考古学家的工作，敦煌拥有世 界上最大、保存最完好的15世纪至13世纪的佛教文物。archaeologist意为“考古学家。是可数名词，且此 处表泛指，应使用复数形式。故填archaeologists。49. dating【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，多亏了樊锦诗等伟大考古学家的工作，敦煌拥有世界上 最大、保存最完好的15世纪至13世纪的佛教文物。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰collection of Buddhist relics, 且collection of Buddhist relics与date为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填datingoand【解析】考

46、查连词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的悬崖上，包含4.5万 平方米的壁画和 2000 多件彩色雕塑。45,000 square metres of murals（壁画）与 more than 2,000 colourful sculptures为并列关系，指出敦煌古迹数量之大。故填and。刷真题(2022全国统考高考真题)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony

47、 (阳台)，Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the (fall) child.Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say hell be OK.2 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On

48、 the day of the accident, Mrs.Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 3 (sleep) while watching TV.Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 4 (see) them. When he looked down, he 5 (accidental)

49、 slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 6 screamed for his father, but his father didn*thear him.Henry 7(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up andsaw Eric hanging from the balcony.He quickly 8(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.He saved my 9 (son) life, said Mrs. Brown. nI dont know 10to thank him.”nI just didnt wa