2022年山西煤炭职工联合大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年山西煤炭职工联合大学自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road， it is not a good idea to skip （故意略去）breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原句的意思是：无论一个人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是 个好主

2、意。因此该命题是错误的。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each yea

3、r as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one knows for sure

4、 why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】Cexhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or p

5、rose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solvi

6、ng a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这4、信，息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第20题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Posture. A good posture ma

7、kes you feel better about yourself. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.A、If you are feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.B Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movem

8、ents or gestures.C、 Body language differs from culture to culture.D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到“this会使呼吸更加10困难，this显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此此题答案为A。第21题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the

9、speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by str

10、ong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是:Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest（rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生,少有表达相同的意思。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and wh

11、en had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in tho

12、se mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Sw

13、iss womans long-lost fatherC、he was born about a thousand years ago11D、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第23题【单项选择题】2008.10 It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants.A、statisticsB、constructionsC、measuresD、concessions【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考

14、查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的 权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第24题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged

15、（负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lig

16、htning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedis shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A12【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷， 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第25题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator

17、said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance o

18、f learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第26题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 Many researchers, whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels （分

19、贝）.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?A、They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B、They will protect animals from harmfu

20、l noises.C、They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D、They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises.本段的最后一句话是13答案的出处。第27题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、thorou

21、gh【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析： 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第28题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for

22、 a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、

23、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少”，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。14第29题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if

24、 you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】C第30题【单项选择题】2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语

25、气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第31题【单项选择题】There was plenty of time. She.A、mustnt have hurriedB、needn/t have hurriedC、must not hurriedD、couldnt have hurried15【正确答案】B【答案解析】“needn，t+不定式的完成式表示做了不必要做的事，意为本可不 必.第32题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D

26、【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第33题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that app

27、ears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyis shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是:Ball lightning, the ra

28、rest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest （rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生,少有“表达相同的意思。16第34题【单项选择题】【1制读选择】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely

29、 to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、Greater probability of having other diseases.C、Differences in the biology of the cancer.D、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D（答案解析本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later

30、than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第35题【单项选择题】【填句未卜文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to glo

31、bal warming.A、These are newer and better models/Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以

32、根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第36题【单项选择题】17【I闻读选择】Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention b

33、etter than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people.A、lose weightB、become happierC、concentrate betterD、look younger【正确答案】C【答案解析】同义词替换有题干替换、选项替换。第37题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近

34、的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无名人士。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第38题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at le

35、ast 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic Eruptions18B、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older EruptionsC、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】C答案解析本段第一句话是说：

36、Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes.； Wignall计算了这些火山的灭绝效率 ；其中killing efficiency与 killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转换,因此选择B或C,但是account for意 思是：（在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B.第39题【单项选择题】Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agencies in the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set

37、 outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的词组。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意,应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下, 搁下;记卜，记载，写下。set out：出发,开始,后面跟todosth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on di

38、fficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens （歌女）.But no one knew where the garden was.Q: Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.A、TrueB、False19【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入

39、他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第3题【单项选择题】【1诩读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our lov

40、e for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older; they are taught to restrain their re

41、sponses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are t

42、aught to restrain their responses to rhythm.”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大, 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响， 更可能受到抑制。第4题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kin

43、ds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子的意思是：国王想除掉Hercules,所以交给他很多 艰巨的工作去做。这个信息在短文第二句和第三句中提到了，与短文的意思相符 （国王很害怕Hercules,屡次交给他艰巨的工作去做），由此可以推断此题的正确 选项为Ao第41题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set off set bac

44、kC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第42题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation

45、：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额， 销路。符合句意。20第43题【单项选择题】2007.04 If the operation carefully prepared, it would not have beensuccessful.A、was notB、has not beenC、had not beenD、were not【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状 语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术没有 经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会成功。第44题【单项选择题】It took me a month to get r

46、id the cough.A、forB、asC、ofD、 over【正确答案】C【答案解析】get rid of：摆脱掉，处理掉第45题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D21【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第46题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Back in 1969, US

47、President Richard Nixon confidently predicted: In the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think.” Today, not too far off Nixons deadline, America is looking at that possibility. Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announ

48、ced her run for 2008 presidency.Q: Up to the present, no woman has been elected president in the US.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。问题句说迄今为止在美国没有一个女人曾经被选举为 总统本段说的是“1969年，美国总统Richard Nixon很有信心地预测:在下一 个50年里，我们将会看见一个女总统，这或许比你想象的更快些。今天距离 Nixon总统给出的最终期限已经不远了，美国人现在正关注这可能性。相邻语句 的句意相关，显然，定冠词结构the possibility指答案相关句中提到的可能出现 美国女总统从该句中可以推断出“从1969年到现在为止，美国还没有出现女 总统。因此问题句提供了正确信息。第47题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】