2022年文华学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年文华学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another impor

2、tant change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating.An important influence i

3、n early ballet was.A、BalanchineB、Marie AntoinetteC、DiaghilevD、Louis XIV【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do细节题。对照原文It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance.这里出现的时间1600s在原文中是比拟早的，提到的人物是 King Louis XIV,选 Do第2题【单项选择题】【

4、填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to

5、 be where partly because.A、humans, worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 19

6、99, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, mos

7、t of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she wo

8、uld then save.This woman shocked and inspired the world because.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。only是绝对词，在选项D中出现，根据经验排除D；对 照原文第自然段最后句话

9、there was something quite exceptional about this woman说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown,她把大局部积攒的钱捐献 给了家乡的大学，A和B表达都不全面，答案是C。10第21题【单项选择题】【2009,7 The wounded s

10、oldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第22题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships bet

11、ween observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress i

12、n each.B、 We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两

13、者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第23题【单项选择题】112008.04 The farming methods have been improved with the invention ofthe new machine.A、efficientlyB、proficientlyC、professionallyD、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】由于新机器的创造，人们已经高效率地改进了农业耕种方 法。【试题分析】此题考查副词词义辨析。回【详细解答】A高效率地 B熟 练地 C职业地、专职地 D故意地、有意地。第24题【单项选择题】2009,10 Th

14、e profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第25题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain

15、grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.A、TrueB False12C Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。

16、利用“10, 000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字 表小），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植 物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开 了植物和人类联系的第1大步。第26题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men d

17、o not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one person/s behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave consideratel

18、y toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is.A、 Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks.B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not.C、 The way of behavin

19、g that differs from country to country.D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正确答案】c【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主题。因此 选择Co第27题【单项选择题】If you are too of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficultiesin life.A、respective13B、

20、detectiveC protectiveD、effective【正确答案】c【答案解析】题目意思：如果你对孩子过分保护，他们在生活中将永远学不会对 待困难。此题是词义区分题。此题是A个别的、各自的 B侦探 C保护 的、防护的 D有效的第28题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but y

21、ou must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work bett

22、er at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常

23、性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说， ”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （“如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。14第29题【单项选择题】2010,04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正

24、确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第30题【单项选择题】填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that

25、many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and n

26、eeds to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第31题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to ans

27、wer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that15 somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、 This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women l

28、ead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the Univ

29、ersity of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to e

30、xplain which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第33题【单项选择题】2009.04 Don/t trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichC、 thatC、as16D、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第

31、34题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Et

32、hiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the MOOs.Which country is the largest coffee producer?A、 Brazil.B、Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第35题【单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin th

33、e city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下，17 搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第36题【单项选择题】2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional co

34、ughing from my throat.A、as forB、such asC、instead ofD except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以 外第37题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy

35、 in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get u

36、p steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思,18作出正确判断。本段开头说，“虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活

37、适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。最后两句又说， ”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第38题【单项选择题】【2009.01 The twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、withC、inD、to【正确答案】c【答案解

38、析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identical to/ with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某个方面是一 样的，应选C。第39题【单项选择题】阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-wate

39、i; or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs （次（山）and glaciers （冰I） . Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage

40、 of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per cent.B、About 97 per cent.D、 Exactly 3 per cent.19 most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children

41、 to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say”。第3题【单项选择题】完成句子】Intelligenc

42、e was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of children/s future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was cle

43、arly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainme

44、nt for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was somet

45、hing a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是“人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。D、Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而局部以冰 山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第40

46、题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive atC、drop outD give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第41题【单项选择题】2009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、 ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从

47、句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第42题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre20asking for your help in observing signs of clim

48、ate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citi