2022年大连装备制造职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年大连装备制造职业技术学院自考英 语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in t

2、he morning/ However, another mother; Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE

3、 according to the passage?A、 Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、 Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选

4、项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is impor

5、tant because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsLoud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the rem

6、ains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were d

7、eserted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because.A、 it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、 the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers.C he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、 it des

8、cribed that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案：Do第19题【单项选择题】It is no use arguing the plan because it has been rejected.A、withB、againstC、forD、on【正确答案】c【答案解析】argue作动词时

9、，意为“争论;争吵;争辩argue for意为“为 辩护；argue with sb about / over sth指就某事和某人争论;argue against意为“据 理反对；争辩根据句意，应该用for。10第20题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正 电荷） build at the cloud t

10、op, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground/s surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at ele

11、vated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第21题【单项选择题】200

12、7,04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第22题【单项选择题】11【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke

13、 because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both

14、parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】What abou

15、t drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of

16、alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao此题的关键句为：but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.因此此题答案为 A。第24题【单项选择题】12【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke

17、because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both p

18、arents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第25题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning

19、is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower por

20、tion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong wind

21、sC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷,13排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第26题【单项选择题】【2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题

22、考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第27题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why child

23、ren learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第28题【单项选择题】14【2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.

24、A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the t

25、ime： zzHow did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区”，文章开头局部提到了“community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第30题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he alw

26、ays does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D15【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠 地第31题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情

27、都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第32题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These ar

28、e all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In

29、the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying

30、forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows16 evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the exis

31、ting social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned b

32、y social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第33题【单项选择题】The Roman goddess Venus is identified the Greek goddess Aphrodite.A、withB、byC、forD、to【正确答案】A【答案解析】be identified with：和有联系，被视为与等同。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certai

33、nly does, replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid, No way, I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no/ she replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!lnitially the writer di

34、d not want to buy a hearing aid because.A、it would make him look old.17B、it would make him nervous.C、 it was too expensive. D it was old-styled.【正确答案】A【答案解析】当被妻子问及是否愿意得到一个助听器时，作者因为担忧显得老气 而拒绝。所以答案是A。第35题【单项选择题】It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、 m

35、otivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】人们发现一个很强的动机可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。【试 题分析】此题考查名词辨析。回【详细解答】A打搅、中断 B动机、诱因 C 评估、评价 D目的地、终点第36题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions mak

36、e the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged

37、already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.18D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第37题【单项选择题

38、】阅读选择But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.Accor

39、ding to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt MP take salt out。第38题【单项选择题】It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distra

40、ction.A、interruptionB、 motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】人们发现一个很强的动机可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。【试 题分析】此题考查名词辨析。国【详细解答】A打搅、中断 B动机、诱因 C 评估、评价 D目的地、终点19B、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving into the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到

41、The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说至U： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第3题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The judge who was to his favorite was criticized by many

42、 people.A、partialB、fairC、strictD、frank【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题句意为：许多人批评了偏袒他自己喜爱（球队或球员）的那个 裁判员。考查形容词的意义区分。A偏袒的，不公平的；B公正的；C严格的， 严厉的；D坦率的。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, you

43、ng or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult pr

44、oblem for people.A、who are very busy everyday第39题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚假的）town, buil

45、t on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places stay with us a

46、s we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、 A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。查找细节题。短文本段中明显一句话提到,The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第

47、40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana （博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with

48、 the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow/ In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farm20C has a certain amount of landD has a meeting each week【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍 ch