2022年华北水利水电学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年华北水利水电学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer childr

2、en will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph isA、Impact

3、on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响(bound to have some effect on our school system.),选项A中只是将名词effect换为impacto第2题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the c

4、lassified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureB、Never a successful man gives upC It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第19题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the l

5、ast few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home background

6、s not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environme

7、nt on IntelligenceD Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第20题【单项选择题】The professor asked a question, and David a good answer.A、put up withB、stood up for10C、came up withD、looked down upon【正确答案】c【答案解析】题目意思：教授问了一个问题，戴维想出一个答案。此题是短语意

8、义区分题。此题是A忍受、忍耐 B保卫、支持 C想出、提出 D轻 视、看不起第21题【单项选择题】阅读选择In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws

9、（七工弓板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others .We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is arou

10、nd four.C、 when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第22题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to beA、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off11【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句

11、意。shutdown：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第23题【单项选择题】2009.04）It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：大会什么时候召开还没有决定。试题分析：主语从句的引导 词的选择。回详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to

12、your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which

13、 coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第25题【单项选择题】12【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their ch

14、ildren at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-s

15、choolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say”。第26题【单项选择题】2009.10 Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to ma

16、ke himself.A、understandB、understoodC、understandingD、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别 人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第27题【单项选择题】the staff to work hard.2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed toA、calculateB、demonstrate13C、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享

17、计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第28题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not

18、good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving t

19、hat differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is.A、 Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks.B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not.C、The way of behaving that differs from country to country.D、In all countries it is good mann

20、ers to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正确答案】c【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主题。因此 选择Co第29题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small v川age beside the River Wensum

21、.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich.A、True14B、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一 个小村庄，就说明了 River Wensum流经Norwicho第30题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他

22、保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给.保险；D平安的，没有危险的第31题【单项选择题】She was be unable to speak.A、such angry as toB、so angry as toC、as angry as toD、angry so as to【正确答案】B【答案解析】SO+形容词+ast。表示如此生气以至于第32题【单项选择题】152008.10 JCountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noisel

23、essenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第33题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held

24、.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第34题【单项选择题】2008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、evaluationD、destination16【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C. 评估、评价；D.目的

25、地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机 可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第35题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thou

26、sands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学

27、作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述，即Velikovsky提出，在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第36题【单项选择题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.A、separationB、cooperationC、correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A17【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第3

28、7题【单项选择题】The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once with eachother.A、they had quarreledB、they have quarreledC、have they quarreledD、had they quarreled【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查的是倒装结构的用法。第二分句中因有否认副词never提 前，故应用倒装结构；第一分句中的have been married已限定了时态，据此可 排除D项。第38题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You cant change your

29、energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but y

30、ou have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get u

31、p earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思,18作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说， ”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. 如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得

32、 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第39题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以第40题【单项选择题】2008.10 Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air

33、and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作19D、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第3题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The Second World War is perhaps

34、 the most catastrophic （灾难性的） event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 m川ion lives. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Gloomy WorldB、Worlds Worst DisasterC、The Origin of The Second World WarD、The Time of

35、 The Second World War【正确答案】B【答案解析】disaster是catastrophic （灾难性的）event的另一种表达。第4题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown

36、 that 45 per cent of reptile （爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、 there are fewer species

37、of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、 many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第41题【单项选择题】That is the house you can enjoy the scenery.A、in thatB、

38、 thatC、whichD、from which【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：你从中能欣赏外面风景的就是这座房子。在定语从句中判断 用关系代词还是用关系副词，需要弄明白在从句中需要什么语法成分，也就是说, 要看关系词在定语从句中担任什么成分，此题的定语从句中少地点状语，先行词 又是表地点的名词，故可选用where。观察四个选项后，我们发现并无where 一 词，我们可以用介词+ which来代替。注意，本句话所表达的应该是:You can enjoy the scenery from the house,故可排除 A 选项，选 Do第42题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scie

39、ntists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific r

40、esearch interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists hel

41、ping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In ZZAII thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word one20 stands

42、 for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第43题【单项选择题】阅读选择】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and the

43、y play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚彳发的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. Mor

44、e than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、A period of time.

45、D、A place.【正确答案】D答案解析答案选Do查找细节题o短文本段中明显一句话提到,The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第44题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.21A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第45题【单项选择题】2008.

46、04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A in addition toB、in view ofC、in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第46题【单项选择题】2009.01 Modern economics the countrys agricultural policies.A、undergoesB、understandsC、underliesD、u

47、ndertakes【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考 查形近动词词义。A经历，经受；B 了解；C成为的基础；D承当，保证。22第47题【单项选择题】2008.04 The cloth had a natural look which perfectly the image Laurasought.A、turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样 式完全相符。A.关闭；B制定、放下；D.与相同、与相符。第48题【单项选择题】填句补文“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditiona