2022年上海思博职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年上海思博职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to t

2、he currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to.A、keep fitB、have a body shape that all people will admireC、prolong life spanD、get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了到达当前流行的体型(reduce our bodies down to the currently de

3、sirable shape)而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第2题【单项选择题】2009.10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their prices.A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第20题【单项选择题】The Netherlands is the

4、 only country in Europe which permits euthanasia,it is not technically legal there.A、ifB、otherwiseC、althoughD、unless【正确答案】c【答案解析】本句的意思是虽然荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家，但是安乐 死在荷兰严格说来并不合法，所以应该填although。第21题【单项选择题】2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respective

5、lyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负责，他就是完全可信赖的。【试题分析】副词意义区分题。【详细解答】A亲自地;B几乎不;C个别地;D可 靠地第22题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB、otherwise10C、thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所

6、以；D再者，而且。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could

7、be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it

8、has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第24题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A11【答案

9、解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated b

10、y the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?AII of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT.A、 Communication between employers and employees wo

11、uld be more difficult.B、 More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.C、 The job market would be more competitive.D、 It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would

12、create greater competition for jobs.排除选项 C； It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job,排除选项 D； And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排 除选项A；答案是B。第26题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil w

13、ells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a Europea

14、n one.12B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、 However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrializ

15、ed countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第27题【单项选择题】2010.04 What her grandfather said left a impression on her mind. She stillremembers it.A、finalB、 vagueC、 deepD、main【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：她爷爷说的事情给她留下深刻的印象，她仍然还记得。此题 考查词汇。形容词意义区分题。final最终的，vague模糊的，deep深的，main

16、主要的。第28题【单项选择题】阅读选择】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、Gr

17、eater probability of having other diseases.C、Differences in the biology of the cancer.13D、 Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第29题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the

18、past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious

19、diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficie

20、ncy of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of pla

21、nts and humans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.A、TrueB、False14C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。利用10, 000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字 表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植 物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开 了植物和人类联系的第1大步。第31题【单项选择题】【2009.01

22、If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第32题【单项选择题】You/ll be there tomorrow-you wont me, will you ?A、let., ofB、let., outC、let., downD let., off【正确答案】

23、c【答案解析】let sb down表示让某人失望”的意思。第33题【单项选择题】I dont mind the decision as long as it is not too late.15A、you to delay makingB、your delaying makingC、your delaying to makeD、you delay to make【正确答案】B【答案解析】这是一个带有逻辑主语的动名词结构。依据前面所讲，逻辑主语应 是一个带有形容词性的物主代词，其后的动词delay也应该是一个动名词。第34题【单项选择题】in thought, he almost ran in

24、to the car in front of him.A、LosingB、Having lostC、LostD、To lose【正确答案】c【答案解析】这里分词短语的意义应为As he was lost in thought”,意为由于陷 入沉思，这儿填入过去分词短语，表示一种状态，用作原因状语。第35题【单项选择题】【I阅读为J断Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinki

25、ng a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。16第36题【单项选择题】2009.7 The judge who was to his favorite was critici

26、zed by many people.A、partialB、fairC、strictD、frank【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词的意义区分。此题句意为：许多人批评了偏袒他自 己喜爱（球队或球员）的那个裁判员。A偏袒的，不公平的；B公正的；C严 格的，严厉的；D坦率的。第37题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in th

27、e fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized

28、 quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War0, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,

29、 the worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A17【答案解析】答案选 A。对照本段 In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答 案是Ao第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little

30、research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.

31、A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、 If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to I960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Kore

32、a observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第39题【单项选择题】Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agencies in the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【

33、正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的词组。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下，18搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain go

34、od health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm,

35、 a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking

36、a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段（we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration）。根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项

37、内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第41题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、cleverness19通的 D寻常的、通常的第3题【单项选择题】for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.A、Being no rainB、There was no rainC、To be no rai

38、nD、There being no rain【正确答案】D【答案解析】There being no rain为there be句型的独立主格形式。第4题【单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。se

39、t down：放下， 搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第5题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it app

40、ears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, 2D、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第42题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get toB、get withC、get

41、atD、get down【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A.开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来, 写下来。第43题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schra

42、g are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD of conducting electricity【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大,20而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算

43、机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Good news for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good cir

44、culation. The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain an

45、d stress.B、It contains substances called flavonoids.C、 It releases endorphins in human body.D It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第45题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Many of

46、 the islands were formed by the eruption （爆发）of ancient volcanoes （火山）.Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.A、 They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty.B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?C、Theyre like a

47、 long necklace that stretches between North and South America.D、 But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西21 洋的其他局部分开。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是,They”，该词指“The Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第46题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the p

48、residency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无名人士。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第47题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensiv