2022年云南科技信息职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

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1、2022年云南科技信息职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in th

2、e United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke.

3、D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted

4、 fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】be engaged in：从事，忙于。第21题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcani

5、c eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become ser

6、iously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑

7、关系。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo题中说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英

8、格兰都停电, 与文中表达的内容不符。文中说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡局部地区，电力10 中断，几千名居民无电可用。the whole England 与 parts of southeast England 是 不符的，所以选B。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% o

9、f this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs （冰山）and glaciers （冰I） . Even worse, some of it has

10、been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per cent.B、About 97 per cent.C、Exactly 3 per cent.D、Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而局部以冰 山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第24题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regula

11、te one/s biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、11时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第25题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except

12、for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以 外第26题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky

13、, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporte

14、r【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述，即Velikovsky提出，在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。12第27题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能

15、糊涂了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第28题【单项选择题】阅读选择Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise

16、.Walking regularly helps elderly people.A、lose weightB、become happierC、concentrate betterD、look younger【正确答案】c【答案解析】同义词替换有题干替换、选项替换。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reactio

17、n, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world.13A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo Fermi在1938年获诺贝尔奖，四年以后才建立核连锁反 应的。第30题【单项选择题】2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability

18、if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠 地第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of us, but the main element that helps us build up our futur

19、e is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving （感知）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future is decided mainly by.A、a superior force like GodB our way

20、 of being, such as our characterC、things and persons that surround usD、others choice and responsibility【正确答案】B14【答案解析】答案选B。虽然作者也声明自己并不否认世界上存在任何一种具有 超自然力量的东西，但是根据文章本段的.but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being可知，作者认为影响我们未来的最主要的因 素还是我们自己的所作所为，答案为B项。第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The

21、 acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of ero

22、sion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、

23、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第33题【单项选择题】阅读选择】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more

24、likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B、 Greater probability of having other diseases.C、Differences in the biology of the cancer.15D、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks are usually diagnosed with can

25、cer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were

26、in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第35题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theliving room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furni

27、ture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第36题【单项选择题】162008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB、has been our countryC、our country has beenD、our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【试题分析】语法题。 0 （参看Unit 5课后的补充语法“语序中的例句）【详细解答】否认词never在句 首，

28、该句子应采用局部倒装。第37题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing. I found writing for that site was not my cup of tea. However, my experience there was positive as I was rewarded with even more learning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water. Through As

29、sociated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging. I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer. What is the authors purpose of using the site Associated Content?A、 To write for the site Yahoo! Contributor Network.B To know m

30、ore about other writers.C、 To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer 确定 D 答案。A 选项 是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的 目的；c选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再

31、定为自己目标。第38题【单项选择题】17【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had

32、 repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsk

33、y的错误论述，即Velikovsky提出,在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第39题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers

34、in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-sch

35、oolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第40题【单项选择题】18【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get

36、married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.D、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and mor

37、e Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第41题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the sm

38、all luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相

39、关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest （rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生，少有表达相同的意思。第42题【单项选择题】19【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第3题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 19

40、50, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded t

41、o include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第4题【单项选择题】阅读选择The violence within a societ

42、y is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the

43、 responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where the

44、y cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal【I阅读选择】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other c

45、ompensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both o

46、f which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the fact

47、ors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph?A、 GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes.B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowance

48、s and indirect business taxes.C、Personal income is regarded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid.E、 The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题的依据是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项 D 用了别的表达方法，但大意仍保持不变。第43题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sale