高中英语高考英语名词知识点专项训练带答案第c9943期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点专项训练带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、he has money, he can buy anything he wants.A. Now that; a large amount ofB. Now that; a large number ofC. Due to; a large amount ofD. Due to; a large number of答案：A解析：考查连词和名词短语辨析。句意：既然他有一大笔钱，他可以买任何他想要的东西。A. Now that; a large amount of 既然，大量；B. Now that; a large n

2、umber of 既然，很多；C. Due to; a large amount of 由于,大量；D. Due to; a large number of由于，很多。第一空，now that是连词，表示既然，due to是介词短语，表示“由 于，分析句子，空处引导原因状语从句，应用now that引导从句；第二空，a large number of表示很多， 修饰可数名词的复数形式，a large amount of表示大量，修饰不可数名词，money是不可数名词，空处应用 短语 a large amount of。应选 A 项。2、Americans eat vegetables per

3、person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twiceB. twice as many asC. as twice as manyD. more than twice as many答案：D解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：美国人现在吃的蔬菜是他们在1910年吃的蔬菜的2倍多。根据句子结构和意思可知, 这里考查倍数表达法，倍数要放在比拟结构as+adj.+n.+as的前面，被修饰的名词vegetables是可数名词复数 形式，所以用many, 2倍多用more than twice表达。应选D。3、Zhanguimeis selfless to the

4、 cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and love her.A. faultB. complexityC. devotionD. agony答案：C答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过灵魂之窗的眼睛，我只能通过指尖看到一张脸的轮廓。A.criticism批评；B. outline轮廓;C.gentleness温柔;D.pace节奏。分析句意可知，此空意为“轮廓,名词outline意为轮廓, see为及物动词，后接名词outline作宾语。应选B项。30、No, no injuries.A. de

5、adB. deathC. deathsD. dying答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：没有人员伤亡。A. dead死的；B.death死亡；C.deaths死亡（复数）；D.dying临死的。分 析句子可知，no为形容词，意为（一个也）没有，后接名词，death意为死亡，为可数名词，根据句中 “injuries可知，空格处应用“death的复数形式“deaths。应选C项。31、 We may meet in our senior high school life, but we will never give up.A. descriptionsB. momentsC- challengesD

6、. exchanges答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会在高中生活中遇到挑战，但我们永远不会放弃。A. descriptions描述；moments 片亥!J； C. challenges 挑战；D. exchanges 交换。根据句意和句中we will never give up”可知,我们应 该是遇到挑战，但不放弃，challenge意为挑战，名词词性，challenges为其复数形式，在句中作宾语。 应选C项。32、The country was thrown into by the Presidents sudden death.A. chorusB. chaosC.

7、circleD. claim答案：B 解析:10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为总统的突然离世，整个国家陷入一片混乱。A. chorus合唱队，歌舞队；B.chaos混乱，混沌；C.circle圆圈，周期；D.claim索要、声明。由语意可知，总统突然离世，造成的后果通常 是国家一时无主，所以陷入混乱之中。应选B项。33、 They make to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.A. transportB. vehicleC. transportationD. vehicles答案：D解

8、析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，探索宇宙的秘密。A. transport运输；B. vehicle车辆,运载工具;C. transportation运输工具。根据to carry brave people into space可知，他们制造运 载工具将人送入太空。名词vehicle为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。应选D。34、When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at.A. wrongB. troubleC. fault

9、D. difficulty答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当发动机发动不起来时，技工检查了所有的部件以找出毛病所在。A. wrong坏事; B.trouble麻烦;C.fault故障;D. difficulty困难。由语意可知,发动机无法起动时，必定是机器出故障了。固 定短语at fault译为：出毛病，出故障。应选C。35、The signing of this agreement will ease the international, which might bring an end to conflicts between countries.A. tensionB. regul

10、ationC. processD. affection答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项协议的签署将缓解国际紧张局势，这可能会结束国家之间的冲突。A. tension 紧张；B. regulation 规那么;C. process 过程；D. affection 喜欢。根据下文“which might bring an end to conflicts11between countries可知，此处表示将会使国际的紧张局势结束。应选A。36 Due the widespread of this medical technology, more diseases can be disco

11、vered and treated at anearly stage.A. approvals. applicationC. approachD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于这种医疗科技的广泛应用，更多的疾病可以在早期被发现和治疗。A. approval 赞成，同意；B. application申请，应用；C.approach方式，方法；D.appreciation欣赏。由于医疗科技广泛应 用，疾病才可能在早期被发现和治疗，空处应用名词application,表示“应用。应选B项。37、 In the past few years, weve seen

12、works by Chinese sci-fi writers winning international.A. considerations. standardC. rewardD. recognition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，我们看到中国科幻作家的作品赢得了国际奖项。A. consideration 考虑；B. standard标准；C.reward奖励，奖项；D.recognition识别。由语意可知作品赢得了国际奖项。应选C 项。38 You must read the on the bottle and take the right amount of

13、 medicine.A. explanationsB. introductionsC. constrictionsD. instructions答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B. introductions 介绍；C. constrictions 压缩；D. instructions 说明。根据句中“take the right amount of medicine nJ 推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用复数形式，表示说明，说明书，符合句意。应选D项。39、 Sometimes a

14、strong others attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.12A. passion for, adjustment todevotion to; compassion inB. fascination with; approach todesire for; lack of答案：D解析：考查名词与介词的搭配。句意：有时候，强烈渴望得到别人的关注可能说明你缺乏自信。A.passionfor对 的强烈爱好,adjustment to 对的调整;B.devotion to 致力于，compassion in 对的同情；C. fascina

15、tionwith对的迷恋,approach to做的方法;D.desire for对的强烈渴望，lack of缺乏。根据语境和常识， 只有D项逻辑关系通顺，即：渴望被别人关注是一个人缺乏自信的表现，应选D。40、 Your car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangement答案：c解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年，所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B. tailor裁剪；C. guarantee保证；担保；D. arrangeme

16、nt安排。分析句子并结合句意可知，此处为固定搭配under guarantee, 意为在保修期内。应选C。41、 Despite such a big difference in towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regardthe Chinese food as something special.A. attitudeB. meansC. pointD. sight答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同，但毫无疑问，西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude态

17、度；B.means方法;A point观点;D.sight视野，视力。短语attitude towards表示“对 的态度”13符合句意。应选A项。42 Although my new cellphone has many it doesnt well.A. functions, functions, function, functionsC. functions, functionsD. function/unction答案：A解析：考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为功能, 为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function

18、作动词意为运行，在助动词do或does后应用原形。应选Ao43、 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in danger.A. representativesB. operatorsC. generationsD. candidates答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.representatives代表;operators经营者；C.generations世代；D.candidate

19、s候选人。结合句意，后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。44、 Sara, try to do everything to the best within your.OK, I w川.A. abilityB. habitC. powerD. attention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。一一好的，我会的。Aability能力；B.habit习惯；C.power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的能力范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。ability意为能力，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。1445 J.K. Rowling, the of Ha

20、rry Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A. carB. hintC. posterD. author答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者JK罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车；B.hint暗示;C.poster海报；D. author作者。根据句意和常识可知，J.K. Rowling是哈利波特的作者,用名词author, 意为作者。应选D项。46、My mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.A. driv

21、erB. dancerC. teacherD. writer答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好。A. driver司机；B.dancer舞蹈演员；C. teacher教师；D. writer作家。根据句中She teaches history very well”可知，我妈妈历史教得非常好，因此她 是一名教师。应选C项。47、 You cant take photos without her.A. adventureB. faultC. patienceD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:没有她的允许你不能拍照。A.advent

22、ure冒险;B.fault过错；C.patience而寸心； 0.permission允许。由You can、take photos without her可知，句子意为没有她的允许你不能拍照”，因此空 格处为允许，应选D。48、The Great Wall is a great tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.A. attentions. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangement15答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是一个伟大的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。A. attenti

23、on注意力；B. attraction 有吸引力的事物；C. appointment 约会；D. arrangement 安排。根据drawing millions of visitors every year可知，应使用名词attraction构成名词词组tourist attraction,意为“旅游景点。应选B项。49、 To solve the problem, the engineers tried out different, but none seemed to work well.A. approachesB. statementsC. ranksD. associations

24、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A. approaches方法；B.statements陈述；声明；C.ranks等级；级别；D. associations协会；联盟。根据前文目的 状语T。solve the problem（为了解决问题）可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。50、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. appro

25、ach答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触； B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据accesst。（使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。应选 AoIn a, two or more speakers express two or more opposing views.A. challengeB. scheduleC. opportunityD. debate答案：D解析：16 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点。A.challeng

26、e 挑战；B. schedule 计戈U表；C. opportunity 机会；D. debate 辩论。根据后文“two or more speakers express two or more opposing views提出两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点，可知是在辩论中。应选Do52、He is a wonderful of mine and we can talk for hours on end.A. componentB. committeeC. communityD. companion答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上几个

27、小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会；C. community 社区；D. companion 同伴。根据前文“He及后文we can talk for hours on end” 可知，此处指同伴；伙伴。应选D项。53、In the process of getting rid of racial, the USA is left far behind.A. discriminationB. compromiseC. substituteD. investigation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。A.di

28、scrimination歧视；B promise 妥协；C.substitute 代替；D.investigation 调查。根据空前的getting rid of racial”可知,此处指摆 脱种族歧视，应选A项。54、Thank goodness the lifeguard came to my; otherwise, I might have drowned!A. senseB. effortC. attentionD. rescue答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，救生员来救我；否那么，我可能淹死了！ A. sense感觉，意识；B. effort 努力；C.atten

29、tion注意力；D.rescue营救，援救。根据句意，此处涉及动词短语come to ones rescue为固定17 搭配，意为营救某人。应选D项。小提示：55、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣

30、，这使得电视成为了家里的 一种装饰。A. analysis分析；B.appetite兴趣,欲望；C.incident事件;D.appreciation欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣,appetite符合题意。应选B。56 I have decided to take the entrance examinations to college.Wish you.A. a luckB. a good luckC. luckD. a success答案：c解析：考查名词的数。句意：一一我已经决定参加大学入学考试

31、了。一一祝你好运。success表示成功时，为抽象概 念和luck （运气）均为不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故排除A、B和D选项。wish you luck祝你好运。故 选Co57、During the pandemic, all patients and their families, without, must carry their ID card and show their health QR code before entering the hospital.A. permissions, effortC. exceptionD. access答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句

32、意：在疾病大流行期间，所有患者及其家属，无一例外，在进入医院前都必须携带身18份证并出示健康二维码。A. permission许可;B.effort努力;C.exception例外；D.access通道。根据句意和句 中all patients and their families可知，句中强调的是所有患者及其家属,无一例外，exception意为“例外, 名词词性，without exception意为“无一例外。应选C项。58、 If the temperature is below 0 C, water will turn into in the open air.A. iceB. st

33、eamC. fogD. rain答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果温度低于。摄氏度，水在户外就会结冰。A. ice冰；B. steam蒸气；C.fog雾; D. rain雨。根据常识可知，在户外，气温低于。度，水就会结冰。应选A。59、I hope my teacher will take into the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she mypaper.A. account; marksB. count; marksC. account; markedD. count; marked答案：A解析：考查固定短语和时态

34、。句意：当老师在批改我的试卷时，我希望她会把我考前生病了这个事实考虑在内。account账户，解释，表达；count计算，总数。take sth into account考虑到，顾及，是固定短语；根据my teacher will take into使用的一般将来时可知，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，应选A项。60、The to success is to make good use of the chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功的途径是充分利用受

35、教育的机会。A. access通路、入径；B.fountain喷泉；C.potential潜力；D. document文件。the access to.（ 的途径）符合句意。应选A项。61、 The ability to keep calm is one of her many. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the19解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅对教育事业的无私奉献是众所周知的，她的所有学生都尊敬爱戴她。A.fault过错；B. complexity难题；C.devotion奉献;D. agony极大的痛苦。根据句中的se

36、lfless（无私的）可知, “devotion（奉献）符合句意。应选C。4、 On your way to New York William will keep you if you dont want to be lonely.A. companyB. companionC. safetyD. friend答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：在你去纽约的路上，威廉将会陪着你如果你不想太孤单的话。A.company陪伴；B. companion同伴；C.safety平安；D.friend朋友。根据句意可知，固定搭配ke即ones company意为陪伴某人最合适。应选A。5、请选

37、出与释义能力匹配的单词。A. confidenceB. competitionC. competenceD. convenience答案：C解析：考查词汇意思。A. confidence 信心；B. competition 竞争；C. competence 能力；D. convenience 便利。应选 C。6、 What made Cunningham great was his devotion to.A. photographB. photographyC. photographerD. photographic答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意:Cunningham的伟大之处

38、在于他对摄影的热爱。A. photograph照片；B.photography摄影;C.photographer摄影师;D. photographic摄影的。空处应填名词作宾语，结合句意，此处 指对摄影的热爱，photography符合题意。应选B。emergency.A. basesB. challengesC. benefitsD. strengths答案：D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此，她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases 基础，基地；B. challenges挑战；C.benefits好处；D.strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指

39、保持冷静是她众 多优点之一，strength符合题意。应选D。62、As expected, the boy who shows great in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport universityfor his talent.A. requirementB. respectC. additionD. promise答案：D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，这个在打羽毛球方面大有可为的男孩因其天赋被体育大学录取。A.requirement要求；B.respect尊重;C.addition增力H; D.promise希

40、望,可能性。根据句意，此处表达“那个男孩在羽毛球方面展现了极大的成功的可能性。应选D项。63 Many people make a sharpbetween humans and other animals.A. balanceB. examinationC. distinctionD. conclusion答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人把人类和其他动物区分得很清楚。A. balance平衡；B.examination检查；C. distinction区分；D. conclusion结论。根据后文“between humans and other animals指区分人类和其它动

41、物，应 用 distinctiorio 应选用64 Linda wants to go abroad for further study after graduating from high school, but she needs to ask for her parents.20A. movementB. professionC. destinationD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达高中毕业后想要出国深造，但是她需要征求父母的许可。A.movement运动；B.profession IRlk； C.destination目的地；D.permissio

42、n准许。结合句意可知，permission准许符合题意，故 选择D项。65 Finally, the man became ill under the great of work.A. frightenedB. lovelyC. pressureD. unfamiliar答案：c解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：最后，这个人在巨大的工作压力下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的；B.lovely可 爱的；C. pressure压力；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合句意和空格前定冠词the,以及作定语的形容词great可 知,应填入名词pressure（压力）作宾语,且underpr

43、essure是常用词组，表示“承受压力。应选C项。66、What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A. valueB. resultC. choiceD. decision答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一昨晚足球比赛的结果是什么？ 一一AC米兰赢了。A. value价值；B.result结果;C. choice选择；D. decision决定。根据答语AC Milan won the game,可知此处是在问比赛结果，应选B。67、The lecture Jack Ma made in th

44、e 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang Merchants left us with a wonderfulhe gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.A. associationB. functionC. satisfactionD. impression答案：D21解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描述。A. association联系；B. function功

45、能；C. satisfaction满足；D. impression印象。 根据后文“he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。广可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。68、 Jamie deserves the for trying his best to save the drowning boy.A. creditB. blameC. shockD. stress答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意

46、：杰米竭尽全力抢救落水男孩，值得赞扬。A. credit赞扬；B.blame责备；C. shock 震惊；D.stress 压力。根据后文“for trying his best to save the drowning boy”可知是值得赞扬，应用 credit。故 选Ao69、The of the group that will be studied depends on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students a

47、nd half college students.A. ingredientB. conventionC. compoundD. composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料成分；B.convention习俗，惯例，大会；C pound混合物，合成 词；D. composition成分构成，组成，创作。由语意可知，composition成分构成，组成符合题意。应选D项。70 From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th Nationa

48、l Games, outstanding performances from Chinas athletes show the countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation.A. expectations. passionC. mysteryD. imagination答案：B22解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的 激情和创新精神。A.expectation期待；B.passion激情；C.mystery谜；D.imagination想象力。根据showthe countrys drive for a s