2020届中考一轮复习黄金讲练系列七年级下Units 1—4单元的重点词汇和短语.docx

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1、2020届中考一轮复为黄金讲练系列7年级下Units 1-4考试说明1、掌握七年级下Units 11 单元的重点词汇和短语。2、学会使用常用的日常会话用语，能在具体的语境中进行情景对话。3、掌握情态动词can. must, have to、频度副词、一般现在时的用法和祈使句的基本用法。,如规清单,如规清单工程单词及其词性变化(短文填空、句子填空、单词拼写必备)重点单词sing(v.)唱歌；swim(v.)游泳；tell(v.)讲述；告诉;高频考点speak(v.)说(某种语言)；高频考点join(v.)参加；加入；talk(v./n.)说话；交谈；home(n.)家;活动本部；adv.到家；在

2、家：高频考点【点拨】此题考查了动词不定式的用法.解答时注意：the best way 2 dosth做某事最好的方式，to引导 不定式做定语.【变式训练7】(2014北海)We can what is happening in the world by the Internet.()A. smellB. tasteC. learnD. make1. (2019西湖区校级模拟)Its easy for Mary English well.()A. learnA. learnB. to leamC. learningD. learns知识点02 重点短语的用法知识,oi【命题点二】重点短语 e t

3、rue典例 1 (2016 春民勤县期末)He wants to be a teacher, and he hopes his dream can.()A. play chessB. get upC. get dressedD. come true【答案】D【解析】play chess下棋，get up起床，gel dressed穿衣服，come true实现，此题根据语境：他想当老师， 希望他的梦想能成真.应选：D.句意：他想当老师，希望他的梦想能成真.【点拨】此题考杳动词短语，在熟知动词短语固定表达的基础上，结合语境，仔细分析，便可得出正确答 案.【变式训练1】We all believe

4、 our Chinese dream will .()A. come trueB. come onC. come inD. come up(2016云南)As long as all (he Chinese people pull together, our China Dream will.()A. come trueB. come outC. come upD. come down2.play chess注意chess前不加冠词(典例 2 】Do you know robots can with people?()A. play chessB. play the soccerC. play

5、 violinD. play the tennis【答案】A【解析】短语play chess,下根；play soccer,踢足球;球类前不加冠词the.所以排除B, D.乐器前面加 the,应该play the violin,应选A.句意：你知道机器人能和人下棋吗？【点拨】此题主要考查动词短语，做此类题目，首先要了解句意，然后明白个短语的意思，最后根据具体 情况作答.【变式训练2】,Hc often goes to the park to watch old people chess.()A. playB. playsC. to playD. played3.be good at在方面好；擅

6、长【典例 3】(2013本溪)If you are full of love, youll finding the beautiful things in your life.()A. be afraid ofB. be angry withC. be good atD. be proud of【答案】C【解析】根据关键词If you are full of love可知,你将擅长发现美丽的东西;be afraid of,害怕；be angry with,生气；be good at,擅长：be proud of,感到骄傲；应选C.句意：如果你充满爱心，你将擅于发现 生活中美丽的东西。【点拨】解

7、决此类题目的关键是掌握各种短语的意义和用法，在不同的语言环境中到达灵活掌握的目的.4.be strict with sb 对某人严格典例 4 （2014龙岩）-May I play computer games now, Mom?-No way. Dont do that all the time. You must yourself.（）A. be proud ofB. be similar toC. be strict with【答案】C【解析】be proud of为感到骄傲；be similar lo与相似;be strict wilh对严格.结合上下语境并根据 答语No way. D

8、ont do that all the time可知妈妈不同意这种做法，结合选项的意思应该是要对你自己要求 严格才符合句意及语境，应用短语be strict with.应选C.句意：妈妈，现在我可以玩电脑游戏吗？-不行.不要一直做那种事情.你必须严格要求自己.【点拨】做题时要联系前后语境准确判断出句子的含义再结合选项的各个短语的含义选出符合句意的答 案.熟知各个形容词短语的含义是做对题的关键所在.【变式训练3】（2015 秋无锡期中）We must ourselves and our studies.（）A. strict in； withB. be strict in； withC. be

9、strict with； inD. strict with； inbetween.and.（典例 5 （2018 春阜阳期中）There is a very big river their school the village.（）A. from； toA. from； toB. between； andC. from； andD. between； to【答案】B【解析】from to从.至ij.； between； and在.和.之间；此题根据语境：他们学校和村庄之间有一 条很大的河流.故用between and.应选：B.【点拨】此题考查常用介词辨析，在熟知所给介词意思和用法的基础上，结

10、合具体题目，仔细分析，便 可得出正确答案.【变式训练4】I . (2015江阴市模拟)The radio says that there was a terrible traffic accident sometime 8a. m. 10a. m.this morning.()A. between； andB. from； toC. between； toD. from； and(2016 春江津区校级期中)There is a bus stop the library the club.()A. either, orB. from, toC. between, andD. in, and6.

11、think of 想起【典例6】(2019云南)-Whalsup, Lisa?-I have to hand in the report tomorrow, but I cant anything to write.()A. talk ofB. think ofC. speak ofD. hear of【答案】B【解析】根据句意：-怎么了，丽莎？-我明天必须交报告，但是我想不到写什么.结合选项，A.谈 论B.想到C.论及D.听说，选项B符合题意.应选：B.句意：怎么了，丽莎？ 我明天必 须交报告，但是我想不到写什么.【变式训练5】(2014乐山)-What do you the Korean

12、TV series My Love From Another Star?-Pretty good. It is popular with many people.()A. care forB. hear aboutC. think of(2017南开区三模)Its sad to_pandas and other animals in danger.()A. take awayB. think ofC. pay attentionD. look after(2017深圳模拟)-The old photos remind me of my best friends.-Then, who are t

13、hey? ()A. make me worry aboutB. make me look atC. make me think of7.make friends with sb 和某人交朋友【典例 7 (2018 秋福田区期末)I would like to Richard and Jason. Do you know them?Yes, they are my classmates. Lets go and talk to them.()A. be friendly toB. make friends withC. look after【答案】B【解析】be friendly to对某人友好

14、，make friends with和某人交朋友，look after照看，照顾；结合句意我想 和Richard和Jason交朋友,你认识他们吗？”及动词短语的用法,可知要填make friends with.应选:B.句 意：一我想和Richard和Jason交朋友，你认识他们吗？一是的.他们是我的同学.我们去和他们谈谈.【点拨】考查动词短语，要牢记动词短语的词意及用法，进行比拟分析，选择正确答案.【变式训练6】(2016 秋蓬江I乂校级期末)Our English teacher is very kind - hearted and everyone likes tohim.()A. wo

15、rk forB. make friends withC. hear fromD. search for(2012 春朝阳区期末)I like English. I want some foreign friends.()A. makeB. madeC. to makeD. making知识点03 情景对话【命题点三】对话填空1 .（here be 句型典例 1 （2019丹东） a report about One Belt One Road* （一带一路）in our school this weekend.（）A. There used to beB. There will beC. Th

16、ere isD. There was【答案】B【解析】There be有,根据时间状语this weekend可知用一般将来时,句意:本周末在我们学校有关于一带一路的报告.应选：B.【点拨】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答【变式训练1】1. （2019辽阳）- Excuse me, do you know? Ive just missed my train.-Yes. There is one in 10 minutes.（）A. how I can get to the train stationB. if theres another tra

17、in laterC. when I should arrive at the train stationD. how much a train ticket costs（2019营 口）- Could you please tell me?-Yes. There is one on Center Street.（）A. when the radio was inventedB. if there is a restaurant around hereC. how I can buy some fruitD. where you will take your vacationHow far?（典

18、例 2（2019朝阳）一 Excuse me, is it from here to Chaoyang Museum?-About 10 minutes ride.（）A. how longB. how soonC. how farD. how often【答案】C【解析】考查疑问词组，how long多久，询问持续时间，how soon多久以后，用于一般将来时，how far 多远，询问距离，howoflen多久一次，询问频率，根据句意，-麻烦问一下，朝阳博物馆离这儿有多 远？-骑车大约10分钟.应选：C.【点拨】掌握疑问词组的含义，结合句意作答.【变式训练2】1. (2() 19西城区一模

19、)-is it from your school to your home?-About six kilometers.()A. How much B. How longC. How farD. How manyHow long?【典例 3 (2019西湖区校级模拟)-do you use the computer every day? - About one and a half hours.()A. How often B. How farC. How soon D. How long【答案】D【解析】考查how long的用法.句意：-你每天都用电脑多长时间？-大约一个半小时.由Abou

20、t one and a half hours,可知问的是时间段，结合选项，A.多久一次B.多远 C.多久以后D.多长时间，选项D 符合题意.应选：D.【点拨】熟悉how long的用法，结合题意，给出答案.【变式训练3】(2019无锡 模) are you staying in the countiy with your grandparents, Henry ?About four weeks, Ill return as soon as school starts.()A. How often B. How soonC. How long D. How far(2() 19兴化市二模)-D

21、o you know the meeting will last?-_ the agreement is reached, I suppose.()A. how long： Not untilA. how long： Not untilB. when： Not untilC. how long； UntilD. when； Until4.Can you?【典例 4】（2018和平区二模）-Dear. can you help me buy a bag of salt? we need it for dinner.-. Ill go at once.（）A. I agree with youB.

22、 Sorry. I cantC. Its my lucky dayD. Sure, no problem【答案】D【解析】I agree with you我同意你的观点;Sorry. I cant抱歉，我不能;Its my lucky day今天是我的 幸运口； Sure, no problem当然，没问题.从Hl go at once应该是容许别人去做.应选：D.句意： 亲爱的.你能帮我买一袋盐吗？我们晚餐需要.一当然，没问题.我马上就去.【点拨】正确理解情景对话的话题，熟悉常用交际语的表达方式，结合题目要求，给出正确答案.【变式训练4】1. (2018蜀山区二模)-Can you tell

23、 me how to write the report?-. Its a piece of cake.()A. No ideaB. No hurry2. (2018历下区二模)-Excuse me,-Sure. .()A. Here you areC. Ill take it5. How do you get to.?A. No ideaB. No hurry2. (2018历下区二模)-Excuse me,-Sure. .()A. Here you areC. Ill take it5. How do you get to.?C. No wayD. No problemyou pass me

24、 the salt ?B. I dont think soD. I hope not【典例5】（2019新疆）A. The same to you!(1) Its a lovely day, isnt it? C(2) Happy New Year! A(2) Happy New Year! AB. Good idea!C. Yes, its a fine day.D. Take it easyE. On foot(3) Lets go hiking tomorrow. B(4) How do you get to school? E(5) I feel nervous to hear tha

25、t. D【句意】1.今天天气真好，不是吗？是的，天气很好.2 .新年快乐.也同样祝愿你.3 .我们明天去远足吧.好主意.4 .你怎样去学校？步行.5 .我听了很紧张.别紧张.【解析】细节推理题.1. . C根据IT s a lovely day, isnt it?今天天气真好，不是吗？可知结合选项，应说是的，天气很好.故 选C.2. A根据H叩py New Year!新年快乐.可知结合选项，应说也同样祝愿你.应选A.3. B根据Lets go hiking tomorrow.我们明天去远足吧.可知结合选项，应说好主意.应选B.4. E根据How do you get to school?你怎样

26、去学校？可知结合选项，应说步行.应选E.5. D根据I feel nervous to hear ihal.我听了很紧张.可知结合选项，应说别紧张.应选D.【点拨】首先迅速的浏览一遍对话，根据对话的情境，认真的考虑，做出准确的答案.make(v.)使成为;制造；teach(v.)教；讲授；高频考点up(adv.)向上；高频考点funny (adj.)奇怪的；好笑的；best(adj.)最好的；(adv.)最好的;最;高频考点half(n./ pron.) 一半;半数；past(prep.)晚于；过(时间)；adj.过去的;ride(v.)骑；(n.)旅程;far(adv./adj.)远；远的；

27、by(prep.)(表示方式)乘(交通工具)高频考点like(prep.)像;怎么样；important(adj.)重要的；bring(v.)带来；取来;practice(v./n.)练习;高频考点more(adj./pron.)更多的：feel(v.)感受；觉得；luck(n.)幸运；运气；keep(v.)保持；保存;learn(n./v.)学习；学会重点短语play chess下国际象棋；speak English说英语：be good al.擅长于talk to. 跟交谈play the drums敲鼓；be good with善于应付的；对有方法；知识点04语法运用知识点04语法运用四

28、、语法详单【情态动词 can, must, have to1）表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）Can you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able lo那么有更多的时态。Ill not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。如：He was able to go to the party yeste

29、rday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2）表示请求和允许。Can I go now?Yes, you can. / No, you cant此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用coukl,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句 和答语中。-Could I come to see you tomorrow?Yes, you can. （ No, Tin afraid not.）3）表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。This hall can hold 500 people a( least.4）表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度）

30、，用于疑问句、否认句和感叹句中。【典例 1 （2019盐城）Size and type do not matter - you do almost anything if you never give up.（）A. shouldB. mustC. needD. can【答案】D【解析】A. should 应该；B. must 必须；C. need 需要；D. can 可以，能；根据 you do almost anythingif you never give up可知句意：如果你不放弃，你几乎可以做任何事。应选：Do句意：大小和类型不重要， 如果你不放弃，你几乎可以做任何事。【点拨】情态动

31、词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不 同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同.考试中结合语境选择合适答案【变式训练1】1. （2019广东）Dirty air and water are harmful. They kill plants* and even people.（）A. canB. cantC. shouldD. shouldnt（2019孝感）一 May I join the art club, Dad?If you have interest, you.（）A. shouldB. canC. have toD. mustmust, ha

32、ve lo1）表示必须、必要。You must come in time.在回答引出的问句时，如果是否认的，不能用mustnt （禁止,不准），而用neednt, dont have to （不必）.Must we hand in our exercise books today?-Yes, you must.- No, you dont have to / you neednt.2) must是说话人的主观看法，而have to那么强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，have to有更多的时态 形式。1. The play isnt interesting, I really must g

33、o now.2. I had to work when I was your age.3)表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best.1. Your mother must be waiting for you now.【典例 2】(2019日照)You be very tired with the long drive. Lets stop to have a rest.()A. mustB. canC. shallD. need【答案】A【解析】A表示一定，B表可以，C将要，D

34、表示需要.根据题干Lets stop t。have a rest.可知让我们停下 来休息是因为长途开车一定累了，表示对现在情况的肯定推测，那么应用must+be.应选：A.句意：长途开 车你一定非常累了.让我们停下来休息.【变式训练2】(2019沈阳)You always be careful with electricity for safety.()A. mustB. canC. mustntD. cant(2019* I.?)According to the rule, used batteries be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes

35、.()A. mustB. needC. canD. may【典例 3】(2019祁江区-模)-Must I bring my student card every time I enter the library?-Im afraid you. The library is open only to teachers and students in our school.()A. have toB. mustntC. needC. needD. dont have to【答案】A【解析】根据句意：-每次进入图书馆我必须带我的学生证吗？-恐怕你不得不带着.图书馆只对我们 学校的老师和学生开放.结

36、合选项，A.不得不B.不可以C.需要D.不必，选项A符合题意.应选：A.句意：-每次进入图书馆我必须带我的学牛.证吗？-恐怕你不得不带着.图书馆只对我们学 校的老师和学生开放.【点拨】熟悉情态动词的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案.【变式训练3】(2015荷泽)-How do you usually go to school?-My school is far away. I take the bus to school.()A. mustB. mightC. have to(2015乌鲁木齐)-Must I come up with the solution to the science pro

37、ject today?-No, you. But you must make it 5 oclock tomorrow afternoon.()A. musin； alB. cant； beforeC. dont have to； byD. neednt； in【频度副词】usually/ sometimes/always/often等词在英文中被称为“频度副词”，是用来表示动作频率的，但程度上有别。 常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：always (100%) usually (80%) often (60%) sometimes (40%) seldom (20%) never (0%)频度

38、副词在句中习惯上位于be动词、助动词等之后，行为动词之前。1 .在be动词之后。如:She is sometimes very busy.她有时很忙。2 .在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。如：I will never forget this lesson.我将永远忘不了这一课。3 .在实义动词之前。 sometimes也可放在句首、句中或句末，often也可放在句末(一般不放在句首)。如：She writes to me often.她经常给我写信。(Dnever 意为“从不：决不：I am never late for work.al ways意为“总是”“永远地”，表示动作重复或者状态持续，

39、中间没有间断：The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.(3)usually 意为“通常平常，即很少有例外：He usually goes to bed at teno clock.(4)somelimes意为“有时候”,表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调ep： It is sometimes hot and sometimes 01d.天气忽冷忽热。这些词都是频度副词，对于这些词可以用How often来提问。【典例 1】(2019铁岭)Nelson exercises because he has too much w

40、ork every day.()A. usuallyB. alwaysC. oftenD. seldom【答案】D【解析】考查频度副词.A. usually通常；B. always总是;C. often经常;D. seldom很少；根据because he has too much work eveiy day.可知应说尼尔森很少锻炼，因为他每天工作太多.应选：D.句意：尼尔森 很少锻炼，因为他每天工作太多.【点拨】理解各个选项的含义.根据because he has loo much work every day.结合选项作答.(典例 2 (2015天津)I ride a bike to s

41、chool. But this morning, I walked to school.()A. neverB. hardlyC. seldomD. usually【答案】D【解析】never从不；hardly几乎不;seldom很少，不常；usually通常;根据后句But this morning, I walked to school.可知前句中的骑自行车上学是经常性的，应选D.句意：我通常骑自行车去上学，但是今天早上 我步行去的学校.【点拨】此题考查频度副词，先弄清所给词的词义，再根据情境选择正确答案.【变式训练】（2（） 18射阳县一模）Love will last （延续）if w

42、e love the whole fine things around us.（）A. seldomB. alwaysC. neverD. sometimes（2012市中区一模）-How often do you go to the movies? - - -. I am too busy to relax myself.（）A. AlwaysB. UsuallyC. SometimesD. hardly ever（2013徐州）I watch this TV programme. Its very interesting.（）A. oftenB.neverC.hardlyD.seldom（

43、2019东营）-My 80 - year - old grandma has learned to chat on WeChat!-Amazing!Its truly too lateto start doing things.（）A. alwaysB.neverC.sometimesD.usually【一般现在时的用法】（1）表示事物的本质特性或客观存在，没有时限性。J叩anin the east of China 0 （lives）表客观事实（2）、现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为，可带频率时间。The shop closes at 7:30 p.m.（习惯）（3）、表说话时的状态，感觉或结果，

44、一般用状态动词，如：It doesnt matter. Does it hurt?（感觉结果）考前须知：1）句型语序：主语谓语（行为动词）宾语状语；2）主谓一致：主语三单，谓语三单；主语非三单，谓语用原形;3)句型转换：变疑问句首加do/does,谓语动词用原形；变否认谓语动词原形前加donVdocsnt.1、一般现在时的第三人称单数动词的变化规那么：(1).一般在动词词尾加小”。如：like*likes,play*playSo似ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的动词，在词尾加es,如：dodoes,leachleaches,go-*goes.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i,再加es。如：fl

45、yflies, applyapplies studystudies(典例 1 (2017西宁)If it sunny tomorrow, I will go shopping with my friend in the supermarket.()A. will beB. beC. isD. was【答案】C【解析】根据题干，可知考查if引导条件状语从句的用法，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将 来，主语it, 一般现在时要用is,应选C.句意：如果明天天气晴朗，我打算跟我的朋友一起去超市购 物.【点拨】熟悉if引导的从句的用法，结合题意，给出答案.【变式训练】(2012威海)-Tom

46、wants to know if you will have a picnic tomorrow.-Yes. But if it, well play chess instead.()A. will rainB. rainedC. is rainingD. rains(2() 12兰州)Tony with his parents often to the movies at weekends.()A. goB. goesC. has goneD. have gone（2012兰州）Betty will ring me up when she in Shanghai.（）A. arriveB. arrivesC. arrivedD. will arrive【祈使句】祈使句（Imperative Sentence）定义用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称， 所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末那么使用句号来表示结束。Go and wash your hands.（去洗你的手。命令）祈使句的否认通常使用“Dont，例如：Dont let the dog in.不要让那只狗进来。（典例 I （2012临沂）You shouldnt arrive late for class.（改为祈使句） late for