高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案第y0462期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、The staff in the zoo said it was hoped that the project would raise money for future work of animals.A. conservationB. contributionC. consumptionD. conclusion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物园的工作人员说，他们希望这个工程能为未来的动物保护工作筹集资金。A.conservation 保护；B.contribution 贡献；C.consumption 消

2、耗；D.conclusion 总结。由raise money for future work of animals可知,句子表示他们希望这个工程能为未来的动物保护工作筹集资金，因此空格 处是“保护,即conservation,应选A。2、Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A. regardB. attitudeC. establishmentD. wisdom答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母

3、养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；C.establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors可知，他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。3、Jim has changed a lot this year and has made a good on others.A. stressB. confusionC. impressionD. campus答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆今年变化很大，给别人留下了很好的印象。A.

4、stress压力；B.confusion困惑； Compression 象；D.campus校园。由前面的Jim has changed a lot可知，句子表示吉姆今年变化很大，给别 习。A. interaction 互动；B. companionship 友谊；C. cooperation 合作；D. rejection 拒绝。根据上下文的转折 关系，可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝(rejection)符合语境和句意，应选D。30、 To solve the problem, the engineers tried out different, but none seemed to

5、work well.A. approachesB. statementsC. ranksD. associations答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A. approaches方法;B. statements陈述；声明；C.ranks等级；级别；D.associations协会；联盟。根据前文目的 状语To solve the problem(为了解决问题)可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。31、一 Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our?-Yes, I slept wel

6、l and I like the breakfast.A. hotelB. schoolC. factoryD. company答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一先生，您在我们酒店过得愉快吗？一是的，我睡得很好，我喜欢早餐。A.hotel 宾馆；B.school 学校;C.factory 工厂;D pany 公司。根据 I slept well and I like the breakfast.”可知，住的是 宾馆。应选A项。32、 Xiongan New Area(XNA) in Hebei Province will cover around 200 square kilometre

7、s after its.A. expectations. expansionC. exceptionD. exhibition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：河北雄安新区扩建后将占地约200平方公里。A. expectation期待；B.expansion扩 大，扩建；C. exception 例外；D. exhibition 展览。根据上文“cover around 200 square kilometres aftehts可知, 表示扩建后将占地约200平方公里，应用expansion。应选B。1033、 My first was to go straight to Henry an

8、d tell him my news, but on reflection I thought better of it.A. impulseB. baitC. bounceD. distinction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个冲动是直接去找亨利把我的消息告诉他，但经过深思熟虑，我改变了 主意。A. impulse冲动;B.bait诱饵；C.bounce弹跳；D. distinction差异。根据句意和句中“but on reflection I thought better of it可知，我之前的决定未经过深思熟虑，是冲动的做法，impulse意为冲动。应选A项。34

9、 Tom/s parents behavior, as well as their words a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A. haveB. have hadC. has hadD. has答案：c解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间 状语during the past twenty years”可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当as well as”并列主语时: 谓语动词遵循就 远原那么，即和behavior保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。应选C。35、T

10、hank goodness the lifeguard came to my; otherwise, I might have drowned!A. senseB. effortC. attentionD. rescue答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，救生员来救我；否那么，我可能淹死了！ A. sense感觉，意识；B. effort 努力；C.attention注意力；D. rescue营救，援救。根据句意，此处涉及动词短语come to ones rescue为固定 搭配，意为“营救某人。应选D项。小提示：36、Is there anything else in that

11、youd like to share with us?11A. particularB. panicC. eagernessD. addition答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有没有什么别的你特别要和我们提供的吗？ A. particular特别的，讲究的；B.panic恐慌；C. eagerness渴望；D.addition加法，相加，附加。固定短语in particular相当于副词表示尤其特 别，符合题意。in panic恐慌，in eagerness渴望地；inaddition此外，都可以排除。应选A项。37、 I have decided to take the entra

12、nce examinations to college.Wish you.A. a luckB. a good luckC. luckD. a success答案：c解析：考查名词的数。句意：一一我已经决定参加大学入学考试了。一一祝你好运。success表示成功时，为抽象概 念和luck （运气）均为不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故排除A、B和D选项。wish you luck祝你好运。应选Co38、 Everyone must follow his advice and Mr. Wang, our headmaster, was no.A. exceptions. expectationC

13、. experienceD. expression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都必须听从他的建议，我们的王校长也不例外。A. exception例外；B.expectation 期待；C. experience 经验；D. expression 表达。根据上文“Everyone must follow his advice”可知，王 校K也不例外。应选A。39、 That flood has been several times to prove that its important to take preventive.A. referred to, actionsB. re

14、ferred, measureC. referred, actionD. referred to, measures12答案：D解析：考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意：人们屡次提到那次洪水，以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表 示“提到，提及”应用短语refer to；结合上文“it，s important to take preventive指采取预防措施，应用take measures,也可以说成 take action。应选 D。40、As a who has left college for over half a year; Marry finds it challenging t

15、o get a good job after herA. graduate; graduatingB. graduation; graduatingC. graduation; graduate .D. graduate; graduation答案：D 解析: 考查名词。句意：作为一名离校半年以上的毕业生，玛丽觉得毕业后找份好工作很有挑战性。A第一空处前为不定冠词a,设空处应为名词单数形式，根据句意，表示毕业生应用名词graduate；第二空处前为形容词 性物主代词，设空处应为名词，结合句意，此处表示毕业，应用名词graduation。应选D。41、The also preserves the

16、 bodies of 100 cats and dogs and other pets whose owners hope they may oneday return to life.A. institutes. instanceC. intensityD. intention答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，它们的主人希望它们有朝一 日能复活。A.institute 研究所；B.instance 例子;C.intensity 强度；D.intention 打算。由“preserves the bodies of 100 cats an

17、d dogs and other pets可知，是研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，空格处是研究所”, 即 institute,应选 A。42、 The ability to keep calm is one of her many. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the13emergency.A. basesB. challengesC. benefitsD. strengths答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此，她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases 基础,基地；B. cha

18、llenges挑战;C.benefits好处;D.strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众 多优点之一，strength符合题意。应选D。43、 I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A. benefitB. reliefC. preferenceD. defence答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B.relief慰藉;C.preference爱好，偏好；D. defence防御。由becaus

19、e引导的原因状语从句内容推断,这是我” 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。44 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. insightB. perseveranceC. confirmationD. achievement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力, 领悟；B. perseverance 毅力；C. confirmation 证明，证实；D. a

20、chievement 成就。由空前“you must stick to your plan可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用毅力坚持计划。应选B。45 In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer.A. systemB. methodC. investmentD. environment答案：D14解析: 考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更平安的环境。A. system体系，系统;method方法；C.investment投资；D.

21、environment环境。根据常识可知，保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安 全的实验环境(environment)。应选D项。46、 The gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.A. departures. insightC. proofD. setting答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中获得的领悟在我的生命中赋予了新的意义。A. departure离开；B. insight领悟;C. proof证据;D. setting环境；背景。根据new meaning可知,insight领悟符

22、合句意。应选B。47、What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A. valueB. resultC. choiceD. decision答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一昨晚足球比赛的结果是什么？ 一一AC米兰赢了。A. value价值；B.result结果;choice选择；D. decision决定。根据答语AC Milan won the game.可知此处是在问比赛结果,应选B。48 These measures have been taken with a (n) to incre

23、asing the companys profits.A. viewB. intentionC. purposeD. aim答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取这些措施是为了增加公司的利润。A. view打算；目的；B. intention意图；目 的；C.purpose目的；D.aim目标；目的。短语with a view to表示为了；指望，是固定搭配，而其他选项没有这样的搭配。应选A。1549、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.A. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. trad

24、ition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B.selection选择；C. description 描述;D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake”可知，此处表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond description为固定短语，意为“难以形容。应选C。50、Keep quiet, son! I need complete when Im working.Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again.A. silenceB. trustC. controlD

25、. strength答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一安静点，儿子！我在工作时需要绝对的沉默。一一对不起，爸爸。我不会再发 出声响了。A. silence寂静,沉默;B. trust信任;C.control控制;D. strength力量。由语境中父亲要求安静和 儿子做的回答不难推断，父亲想要安静的工作环境。应选A。51、Laziness is the of his failure.A. reasonB. causeC. excuseD. way答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：懒惰是他失败的原因。A. reason原因；B. cause原因；C.excuse借口； D. way方

26、法。 reason说明某种行为或看法的理由，后接介词for； cause说明某种事实或现象的原因，后接介词of。应选B。52、Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned.A. success, a writerB. a success, writer16C. success, writerD. a success, a money答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功，不可数名词。假设作可数名词，抽 象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情。此处前面已经有a,故of后面不用冠词a。a man of success一

27、个 成功的人。turn为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer成为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。应选C项。53、Well never forget the Zhong Nanshan has made to the fight against COVID-19.A. pressB. donationsC. contributionsD. efforts答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠肺炎疫情作出的贡献。A.press新闻界；B.donations捐赠；C.contributions贡献；D.efforts努力。根据常识可知，我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗

28、击新冠 肺炎疫情作出的贡献，空格处意为贡献，应选C。54、 Your suggestions are far from worthless and they make a good deal of to me.A. differences. senseC. influenceD. meaning答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的建议绝非毫无价值，对我来说很有意义。A. difference差异；B.sense意义；理解力;C.influence影响；D.meaning意思。短语make a good deal of sense to sb表示“对某人很有意义。故选BoYoull get

29、 a false of the town if you only visit the university.A. impressionB. companyC. youthD. rent答案：A17解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象；B pany公司；C.youth青春;D.rent租金。结合visit the university和选项可推知，句中谈论的是对大学和城市的印象，a false impression”错误的印象，符合语境。应选A。18人留下了很好的印象,make a good impression on sb

30、.是固定短语,意为“给某人留下很好的印象”,应选CoYou shouldnt have been so rude to your friend. I think you owe him a(n).A. apologyB. favourC. debtD. attempt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不应该对你的朋友那么粗鲁。我觉得你应该向他抱歉。A. apology抱歉；B.favour偏爱；C.debt债务;D. attempt试图。根据so rude to your friend”可知,此处应该是因为对朋友的不礼 貌而向他抱歉。应选A项。4、 In the of proof, th

31、e police could not take action against the man.A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. failure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有证据的情况下，警方不能对那个人采取行动。A. lack缺少，多用于缺乏信 心、经验缺乏等场景；B. shortage短缺，指缺乏，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或应有的数量；C.absence缺席，指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场；D. failure失败。根据后文ofproof, the police could not take action against th

32、e man”表示事物根本不存在或完全短缺,应用 absence,应选 Co6、The of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.A. decorationB. constructionC. competitionD. combination答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造； C petition竞争；D bination结合。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的of spicy

33、, salty, sweet and sour flavours可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。应选D。7、We saw a flock of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide throughout the country.2A. distributions. possessionC. professionD. platform答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distribution分布，分发;possession 拥有，持有；C. profession 职业;D. platform

34、平台。结合空后的“throughout the country可知，此 处指它们分布在全国各地。应选A项。8 She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A. qualificationB. preferenceC. expectationD. blame答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B.preference偏爱；C.expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应

35、选Bo9、The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased of andsupport for teaching among the public and nation.A. realizations. professionC. recognitionD. acquisition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人愿意接受公共教育，这意味着公众和国家对教育的认可和支持。A.realization实现；B.profession专业；C.recogn

36、ition成认，认可；D.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得。根据 are willing to 可知，人们愿意说明大家认可。应选C。10、There is a world of between liking someone and loving them.A. differences. amusementC. expressionD. description答案：A解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同；B.amusement高兴；C. expression表达；D. description描写。根据句子意思可知，

37、like和Tove”是近义词，但是 程度不一样，所以表达出它们的不同。应选A项。11、 I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my.A. forceB. strengthC. energyD. power答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐怕我帮不了你的忙，这事我无能为力。A. force武力；B.strength力量；C. energy 能量；D. power 能力。根据上文“I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my可知为短语 beyond ones power表示力所不及。

38、应选DoWe may meet in our senior high school life, but we will never give up.A. descriptionsB. momentsC. challengesD. exchanges答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会在高中生活中遇到挑战，但我们永远不会放弃。A. descriptions描述；moments 片刻；C. challenges 挑战；D. exchanges 交换。根据句意和句中we will never give up可知,我们应 该是遇到挑战,但不放弃，challenge意为挑战，名词词性，cha

39、llenges为其复数形式，在句中作宾语。应选C项。13、Applying for jobs can be a long and painful.A. processB. benefitC. positionD. climate答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。句意：求职可能是一个漫长而又艰难的历程。A. process过程；B.benefit益处;C.position位4置；D. climate气候。根据Applying for jobs”可知,求职是一个过程,应选A。14、Now I know that the proper way is always her way.A. objectB. o

40、bject complementC. predicativeD. attribute答案：c解析：考查句子结构。句意：现在我知道，正确的方式永远是她的方式。分析句子可知，关系词that引导的是宾语 从句，作谓语动词know的宾语，从句中the proper way为主语，is是系动词，her way作系动词is的表语， 所以划线处为从句的表语。应选C项。15、 Giorgio, now fifteen, and Lucia, also in her teens, were reaching the of their adolescence.A. crisisB. criterionC. cau

41、salityD. credibility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现年15岁的乔治和青少年的的露西亚正处于青春的危机期。A.crisis危机；B.criterion标准；C.causality因果关系；D.credibility可靠性。根据句意和选项可知，他们都处于青春期，有青 春期的问题，所以应选危机。应选A项。16 Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeling of.A. brotherhoods. brotherC. brothersD. brotherly答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：一起作战的

42、士兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊；B.brother兄弟；C.brothers 兄弟（复数）；D. brotherly 兄弟的。根据上文“Soldiers who are fighting together”（一起作战的士兵）可知, 一起作战的士兵会有强烈的兄弟情谊，所以此处指兄弟情谊，应用名词brotherhood,应选A。17、Due the widespread of this medical technology, more diseases can be discovered and treated at an early stage.A. approv

43、als. applicationC. approachD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于这种医疗科技的广泛应用，更多的疾病可以在早期被发现和治疗。A. approval 赞成,同意；B. application申请，应用；C.approach方式,方法；D.appreciation欣赏。由于医疗科技广泛应 用，疾病才可能在早期被发现和治疗，空处应用名词application,表示应用。应选B项。18、Lily, why dont join us for camping?Thank you, Jack. Its a very kind, but I have

44、 to finish my task.A. decisionB. promiseC. choiceD. offer答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一莉莉，为什么不和我们一起露营呢？一谢谢，杰克。这是一个很好的提议，但 我必须完成我的任务。A.decision决定；B.promise允诺；C.choice选择；D.offer提议。根据上文“Lily, why dont join us for camping?”,可知这时一个提议，应选 Do19、 The murder is still under.A. attempt, investigatingB. attempted, investi

45、gatingC. attempted, investigationD. attempting, investigation答案：C解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：这起谋杀未遂事件仍在调查中。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词murder, attempt的形容词是attempted,意为“未遂的，under后跟名词作宾语，investigate的名词是investigation, under investigation 意为“在调查中，因此第一空是 attempted,第二空是 investigation,应选 Co20、Male nurses are difficult to hire as ma

46、ny men reject this out of the long-existing discrimination.A. conceptB. assessmentC. identityD. personality答案：c 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵抗这个身份。A.concept 观念；B. assessment 评估，评价；C. identity 身份;D. personality 个性，品格。根据空前Male nurses are difficult to hire”及空后out of the long-existing discr

47、imination”可知，很多男性抵抗男护士这个身份。应选 C 项。21、The motor industry declares that electric cars will become mainstream （主流）over the next.A. entrances. decadeC. committeeD. feedback答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车工业宣称电动汽车将在未来十年成为主流。A. entrance入口； B. decade十年; C committee委员会;D.feedback反应。根据句意以及前文over the next可知，此处指“在未来十年”。应

48、选B 项。22、 Finding information in todays world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is usefulor not.A. contextB. challengeC. competitionD. stress答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A. context 语境，上下文；B. challenge 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据how you can tell if the information you get is useful or n