2020年高考真题语文、英语（全国卷Ⅲ）含答案.docx

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1、2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（此题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成13题。古文观止是一个文章选本，“观止”本于左传记载季札在鲁国看乐舞时赞美的话：“观止矣！” 这个选本是清朝吴楚材、吴调侯在康熙三十三年（1694）选定的，它备受读者喜欢是有原因的。第一，一般说来，它表达了比拟进步的文学主张。古代的选本，梁朝萧统的文选也很著名。那时 的文学主张，认为哲理散文和历史散文都不能入选。文选除诗歌外，选的主要是骈文，是一种讲究辞藻、 对偶、声律的文章。唐朝韩愈起来提倡古代的散文，称为古文，用来反对骈文。这种主张是进步的。古文 观止正是贯彻了韩愈以

2、来的古文家的主张。第二，一般说来，入选这个选本的文章丰富多彩，思想性和艺术性是比拟高的。自从韩愈提倡古文以 后，古文的选本在古文观止前早已有了，像宋朝真德秀的文章正宗选录左传国语到唐朝末 年的作品，古文观止的选文从左传开始，就是本于文章正宗。不过真德秀是道学家，他用封建伦 理的眼光来选文章，忽略了文章的艺术性，所以他的选本不受欢迎；古文观止所选，像先秦的历史散文 曹刿论战鲁仲连义不帝秦，表现当时人的智慧和品德；两汉文治安策和出师表，反映出当时 政治上的重大矛盾，表现出作家的远见和忠诚；唐文捕蛇者说，深刻暴露封建统治者“苛政猛于虎”的 罪恶；宋文岳阳楼记，通过不同景物的描写来表现“先天下之忧而忧

3、，后天下之乐而乐”的崇高精神 这些名篇，都是古今传诵。这个选本所选文章的丰富多彩，也表现在文章的体制上。选本也选了几篇韵文、骈文。严格讲起来， 古文跟骈文是对立的。但就中国文学史的开展讲，古文由散体趋向骈体，再由骈体回复到散体，完全不选食物的基本功能之一是给人体提供日常所需的能量。我们的一举一动，大到跑步，小到眨眼，I。 食物中提供能量的三大营养素，即蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂防，人体不能因为它们均以大分子形式存 在，必须消化分解成小分子才能吸收利用。这一过程中的能量消耗就是又称为膳食生热作用，我们 吃完饭后会有发热的感觉，这就是食物热效应的外在表现。21 .请对下面这段新闻报道的文字进行压缩，要

4、求保存关键信息，句子简洁流畅，不超过80个字。（5分）2020年6月3日，国资委召开中央企业助力湖北疫后重振开展视频会议。在视频会议上，国资委表示, 支持将武汉纳入区域性国资国企综合改革试验区，打造改革高地，要继续加大力度，推动各项政策措施在 湖北早落地、早见效、早受益，把政策优势转化为开展优势，更好地助力湖北疫后重振。在视频会议现场, 央企和湖北省签署72个工程，在原定今年对湖北计划总投资3900亿元基础上，将新增投资超过3200亿元。 四、写作（60分）.阅读下面的漫画材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。（60分）人们用眼睛看他人、看世界，却无法直接看到完整的自己。所以，在人生的旅程

5、中，我们需要寻找各 种“镜子”、不断绘制“自画像”来审视自我，尝试回答“我是怎样的人” “我想过怎样的生活”“我能做些 什么” “如何生活得更有意义”等重要的问题。毕业前，学校请你给即将入学的高一新生写一封信，主题是“如何为自己画好像”，与他们提供自己的 感悟与思考。要求：结合材料，选好角度，确定立意，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭；不得泄露个人信息；不少 于800字。2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文参考答案1-3 CCD4-5 DD6 .有比拟充分的准备：熟悉对方的写作，作为责编，尤其熟悉作品钟南山：苍生在上；重视 对方的观点：提问时采取对方文章中的说法来引出话题，营造对话气氛；逐步

6、深入地提问：从写作动机 问起，问到写作方式和具体内容，最后问到对方的文学观。7 . C8 .萌生念头：大同学对火车形象的描述，让“我”萌生看火车的念头；付诸行动：夜间穿过坟场， 耳朵贴在铁轨上，写出“我”看火车时的兴奋与好奇；抒发感受：火车头上挂着光芒闪烁的镰刀锤头图 案，让“我”感到特别，也感到亲切。9 .“记忆里的光”，指火车头上“光芒闪烁的图标”，即镰刀锤头，是本文的核心意象；围绕这一 核心意象，按照时间顺序，安排了 “我”少年、青年、中年的人生片段，每一片段都同“镰刀锤头”相关; 最后，以“全科人”的身份表达出“我”对“镰刀锤头”的深厚感情，呼应题目，升华主题。10-12 BAC13.

7、 (1)朝臣家中有人得流行病，如果三人以上染病，即使本人未病，百日之内也不准入宫。(2)病重，皇帝派黄门侍郎探问病痛，赐钱三十万给他治病买药。14. C15. 历史上的魏征以“犯颜直谏”著称，其言行常常令人难以接受，好比苦笋的滋味并不适口； 苦笋与生俱来的“苦节”，象征耿介性格，与魏征方正的人格相似，应该得到认可。16. (1)不义而富且贵于我如浮云(2)力尽不知热但惜夏日长(3)多于机上之工女 多于市人之 言语17-19. ACB20 .都要消耗能量直接吸收利用食物热效应21 .例如：2020年6月3日，国资委召开中央企业助力湖北疫后重振开展视频会议，支持将武汉纳入区域性国资国企综合改革试验

8、区，央企和湖北省签署72个工程，将新增投资超过3200亿元。2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷m）第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每 段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?C.9.15.C. In the street.A. 19.15.B.9.18.答案是c。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a superma

9、rket.B. In the post office.2. What did Carl do?A. He designed a medal.3. What does the man do?A. Hes a tailor.4. When will the flight arrive?A. At 18:20.B. He fixed a TV set.B. Hes a waiter.B. At 18:35.C. He took a test.C. Hes a shop assistant.C. At 18:50.5. How can the man improve his article?A. By

10、 deleting unnecessary words.B. By adding a couple of points.C. By correcting grammar mistakes.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does Bill often do on Friday night?A. Visit his

11、parents.B. Go to the movies.C. Walk along Broadway.7. Who watches musical plays most often?A. Bill.B. Aarah.C. Bills parents.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Why does David want to speak to Mike?A. To invite him to a party.B. To discuss a schedule.C. To call off a meeting.9. What do we know about the speakers?A.

12、They are colleagues.B. They are close friends.C. Theyve never met before.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What kind of camera does the man want?A. A TV camera.B. A video camera.C. A movie camera.11. Which function is the man most interested in?A. Underwater filming.B. A large memory.C. Auto-focus.12. How much w

13、ould the man pay for the second camera?A. 950 euros.B. 650 euros.C. 470 euros.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Who is Clifford?A. A little girl.B. The mans pet.C. A fictional character.14. Who suggested that Norman paint for childrens books?A. His wife.B. Elizabeth.C. A publisher.15. What is Normans story based

14、 on?A. A book.B. A painting.C. A young woman.16. What is it that shocked Norman?A. His unexpected success.B. His efforts made in vain.C. His editors disagreement.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker?A. Relatives.B. Strangers.C. Visitors.18. Why do people h

15、ave small talk?A. To express opinions.B. To avoid arguments.C. To show friendliness.19. Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?A. Politics.B. Movies.C. Salaries.20. What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?A. Asking open-ended questions.B. Feeling free to change to

16、pics.C. Making small talk interesting.第二局部 阅读理解（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AJourney Back in Time with ScholarsClassical Provence （13days）Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-pre

17、served Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed （瓦屋顶）villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.Southern Spain （15days）Spain has lovely white towns and the scent （芳香）of oranges, but i

18、t is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture. China Sacred Landscapes （21days）Discover

19、the China of “past ages, its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights （精彩之处）include Chinas most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional

20、museum in Shanghai.Tunisia （17days）Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, theunderground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata, uique for underground cities. Our journey takes u

21、s to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain?A. Historical monuments.B. Fields of flowers.C. Van Goghs paintings.D. Greek buildings.22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about?A. France.B. Spain.C. China.D.

22、Tunisia.23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour?A. White towns.B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.BWhen Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they

23、 werent there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: Thanks for not using real apes （猿）!”The creative team behind Apes used motion-capture （动作捕捉）technology to create digitalized an

24、imals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actors performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image （图像）. In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.Yet Apes is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live an

25、imals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including nWater for Elephants/* nThe Hangover Part IIn and Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists w

26、ho say the creatures acting in them haven9t been treated properly.In some cases, its not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; its the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outsid

27、e the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?A. To see famous film stars.B. To oppose wearing fur coats.C. To raise money for animal protection.D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.25.

28、What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The cost of making Apes.”8. The creation of digitalized apes.C. The publicity about Apes.”D. The performance of real apes.26. What does the underlined phrase keeping tabs on in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Listing completely.B. Directing professionally.C. P

29、romoting successfully.D. Watching carefully.27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?A. They may be badly treated.B. They should take further training.C. They could be traded illegallyD. They would lose popularity.CWith the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at

30、 risk of isolation（孤独）,more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-st

31、orey Victorian house in Bristol 一 one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to

32、my mum of sharing at a house,“ says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law/-And what does Nick think? From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.Its hard to

33、tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have beenrising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational fam

34、ily are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Brit

35、ain is thought to be about 1.8 million.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husbands family when they get married.28. Who mainly uses the gro

36、und floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?A. Nick.B.Rita.C.KathrynD.The daughters.29. What is Nicks attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?A. Positive.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Unwilling.30. What is the authors statement about multigenerational family based on?A. Family tradition

37、s.B.Financialreports.C. Published statistics.D.Public opinions.31. What is the text mainly about?A. Lifestyles in different countries.B. Conflicts between generations.C. A housing problem in Britain.D. A rising trend of living in the UK.DWe are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that

38、occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes （基因），they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gaine

39、d a mutation （突变）that helps them digest milk as adults.On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these

40、 people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, theyve also built houses on stilts （支柱）in coastal waters. They are simply a stranger to the land,1 said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of

41、 Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. nWe were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders/ Dr. Jubilado said

42、. I could see them actually walking under the sea.*In201, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them, “i

43、t seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population/ said Dr. Ilardo.She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.B. New

44、 knowledge of human evolution.C. Recent findings of human origin.D. Significance of food selection.33. Where do the Bajau build their houses?A. In valleys.B. Near rivers.C. On the beach.D. Off the coast.34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?A. They could walk on stilts all day.B. Th

45、ey had a superb way of fishing.C. They could stay long underwater.D. They lived on both land and water.35. What can be a suitable title for the text?B. Highlanders Survival SkillsD. The Worlds Best DiversA. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at SeaC. Basic Methods of Genetic Research第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）根据

46、短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on th

47、e new home. 36 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things li

48、ke curtains. Even if there isnt a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served. There are usually 骈体，就看不出这种变化来。第三，这个选本的编选体例也有它的好处。萧统的文选分很多门类，烦琐不堪；真德秀的文章 正宗古文局部分辞令、议论、叙事三类。古文观止不分类，按时