2020-2021学年江苏省常州市第一中学高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2021-2021学年江苏省常州市第一中学高一下学期期末英语 试题第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）第二局部阅读理解（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题，每题分，总分值分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。A #ChefsChallenge!Love cooking? Join famous chefs with this online challenge-cook, have fun and share your best healthy recipes!When it comes to food, its difficult to match Ea

2、st Asia & Pacific in terms of variety and tastiness. From wontons to dumplings, from spicy fish to noodle soups, East Asia & Pacifics amazing food culture is a central part of life for millions of people and indeed tourists from across the world.However, changes in diet and lifestyle in recent years

3、 have sadly destroyed traditional food cultures, and the health of millions of people. Cheap fast food“ and unhealthy snacks that are high in sugar, salt and fat are now all too common but offer little nutrition.A new challengeToday, there are more than 25 million of malnourished children living in

4、the region, but the picture is changing. While the number of stunted （发育不良）children is slowly falling in many countries, overweight and obesity are growing, and at a much faster rate.In many countries, three forms of malnutrition-undernutrition, hidden hunger and overweight-co-exist. A family may ha

5、ve an overweight mother and a stunted child. Or a child may be both stunted or too short and overweight. Unhealthy diets are a major cause of all forms of malnutrition.Join us!One way to slow this tide is to reconnect families and young people with food. Thats why chefs from across the region are ta

6、king part in the #ChefsChallenge, asking you to show off your cooking skills. Get involved today by sharing your recipes with videos, photos or any other creative ways on social media using #ChefsChallenge and tagging UNICEF East Asia Pacific on Instagram, Twitter or Facebook.1. What has badly affec

7、ted the traditional food culture in East Asia & Pacific?A. Western cooks arriving.B. Peoples turning to unhealthy food.C. Tourists9 bringing new recipes.Imagine two groups of people. Well call them the Geniuses and the Butterflies fbr short.17 They come up with one ground-breaking invention every 10

8、 human lifetimes. The Butterflies arent nearly as bright. They take 1,000 lifetimes to come up with a world-changing invention.But what the Butterflies lack in cognitive（认知的）horsepower, they make up for in social skills. 18 However, the egghead Geniuses are a little awkward. They only have one frien

9、d. Now imagine everyone goes about their business trying to learn about cool, new inventions, either by figuring them out for themselves or learning about them from friends. 19 The one where the people are a hundred times smarter （the Geniuses） or the one where theyre 10 times more social （the Butte

10、rflies）?Well, communicating ideas within a group might not feel as impressive as coming up with brilliant ideas alone in a corner. Chatty Cathys（滔滔不绝的人）clearly have less cultural mystery than Nobel winners. But without them, new ideas dont spread fast enough to-make big impact.20This fascinating tho

11、ught experiment is good news for the communicators and connectors of the world, but its also a valuable lesson fbr anyone putting-together a team.A. Which society does better?B. Each Butterfly has 10 friends.C. The Geniuses are, well, geniuses.D. Butterflies are pretty but lacking in strength.E. Is

12、it hard for the experiment to draw a conclusion?F. In terms of group success, EQ matters more than raw IQ.G. The Butterflies shouldnt be compared with the Geniuses.【答案】16.D17. C 18. B 19. A 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项关于蝴蝶和天才的思想实验彻底解决了智商和情商哪个更重 要的问题。【16题详解】根据后文“So if you asked people whether theyd rather

13、 be a butterfly or a genius, Im betting most people wouldnt hesitate before choosing genius.”所以如果你问人们是愿意做一只蝴蝶还是 一个天才，我敢打赌大多数人在选择天才之前都会毫不犹豫。）可知，此处是讲做蝴蝶不如 做天才好，所以选项D （蝴蝶很漂亮，但缺乏力量。）切合文意。应选D。【17题详解】根据上文 “Imagine two groups of people. Well call them the Geniuses and the Butterflies for short.”想象两组人。我们简称他

14、们为天才和蝴蝶。）可知，后文会分别陈述两组人。再结 合后文“They come up with one ground-breaking invention every 10 human lifetimes/ （他们每10个人一生中就有一个突破性的创造。）可知，此处是介绍Geniuses这一组，所以选项C Geniuses这一组就是天才）切合文意。应选C。【18题详解】根据前文“But what the Butterflies lack in cognitive 认知的）horsepower, they make up for in social skills/，（但是蝴蝶们在认知能力上的缺乏，

15、在社交能力上得到了弥补。可知，此处 是讲蝴蝶出色的社交能力，所以选项B每只蝴蝶有10个朋友。）切合文意。应选B。【19题详解】根据后文“The one where the people are a hundred times smarter （the Geniuses） or the one where theye 10 times more social （the Butterflies ? 是聪明一百倍的人的天才社会还是社交能 力优秀十倍的蝴蝶社会？）可知，此处是讲这两个社会哪个更好，所以选项A （哪个社会更 好？）切合文意。应选A。【20题详解】根据前文“But without them

16、, new ideas dont spread fast enough to-make big impact.，z 但如果 没有他们，新思想的传播速度就缺乏以产生重大影响。）可知，此处是讲有社交能力的人也 彳艮重要， 根据后文“This fascinating thought experiment is good news fbr the communicators and connectors of the world, but its also a valuable lesson for anyone putting-together a team. （这个 令人着迷的思维实验对于世界上的

17、沟通者和连接者来说是好消息，但对于任何组建团队的人 来说也是珍贵的一课。）可知，此处是讲情商对团体的成功更加重要。所以选项F （就团队 成功而言，情商比单纯的智商更重要。）切合文意。应选F。第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值25分）第一节完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最正确选项。Tristin Stewart, 15, of Northern Ireland, has no right knee after undergoing an operation. Now, his right leg con

18、nects directly to a right foot backward, which fits more 21 than a traditional amputation （截肢）.Tristin said he began experiencing 22 in his right leg in 2021, but it was not until last year that doctors diagnosed it as a cancer. The diagnosis and 23 operation made Tristins parents, Mandy and Shane s

19、o worried.“Tristin was scared firstly before receiving the operation Mandy said. “When we went in to see him after the operation, you could 24 see that something was not in the right place under the 25, and Shane and I got up the courage to uncover it. That was a very strange sight, butmy boys life

20、was saved so thats all that 26In spite of a 27 disease, the first in Northern Ireland, the soccer-loving teen is alreadyback on his 28 just months after the operation.“At the start it was uncomfortable and I wasnt used to it because of the weight and my foot you know, it felt 29- but now Im accustom

21、ed to it, Tristin told Caters News. It feelsclose to normal/“I can 30 with it and Fve just started a jog/7 Tristin said. Without it, Id be ina 31 I wouldnt be able to do anything.”Unexpectedly, many people are now 32 money to buy Stewart professional aid equipment so he can 33 in sports and more phy

22、sical activities.“Friends have been just as 34 and they havent treated me differently,“ Tristin added. And I believe no matter how 35 the mountain, there will always be a climb for thepeople who do not fear the difficult.，z21. A. comfortablyB.differentlyC.dangerouslyD.commonly22. A. sorrow23. A. sor

23、rowB.painC.surpriseD.strength24. A. expectingB.leadingC.followingD.increasing24. A. gradually25. A. graduallyB.sorelyC.obviouslyD.fortunately26. A. bedsB.coversC.clothesD.knives27. A. damagesB.mattersC.keepsD.memorizes27.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.successfulB.deadlyC.frustratingD.rarefeetB.wayC.behalfD.si

24、degreatB.uglyC.amazingD.strangestudyB.walkC.swimD.runbedB.carC.wheelchairD.fieldraisingB.makingC.stealingD.printingtakeB.giveC.breakD.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.34. A. healthyB. smartC.hardD.usual35. A. smoothB. magnificentC.steepD.difficult【答案】21. A22. B 23. C 24. C25. B26. B 27. D28. A29. Dparticipate32. A35.

25、C33. D 34. D30. B 31. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了失去右腿的少年斯图尔特没有放弃自己对体育的热爱, 依然热爱生活。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在 手术是把脚反转安装，这比起传统的截肢，让Tristin更 舒服些。A. comfortably 舒适地；B. differently 不同地；C. dangerously 危险地；D. commonly 一般地，通常地。根据上文 “has no right knee after undergoing an operation和 “than a traditional amputation （截肢）可知

26、，现在的手术是把脚反转安装，以解决没有膝盖的问题， 这比起传统的截肢，让Tristin更舒服些。应选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tristin说，他从2021年开始感到右腿疼痛，但直到去年才被医 生诊断为癌症。A. sorrow悲伤；B. pain痛苦;C.surprise惊喜；D.strength力量,力气。根 据but it was not until last year that doctors diagnosed it as a cancer, 可知，患有癌症的人早期 是感到疼痛的。应选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个诊断和随后的手术让Tristin的父母M

27、andy和Shane非常担 忧。A. expecting 期待；B. leading 领导;C. following 跟随;D. increasing 加大，增加。根据 下文 Tristin was scared firstly before receiving the operation/ Mandy said/可知，要想治疗 疾病，应是先诊断，再进行手术。应选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：手术后我们去看他，很明显他的被窝里有些地方不对劲，我和 Shane鼓起勇气去掀开被单。A. gradually逐渐地;B. sorely疼痛地，非常；C.obviously明显 地；D. fo

28、rtunately 幸运地。根据下文“that something was not in the right place .可知，Tristin 是做了右腿手术，所以很明显地看到被单下的腿不太正常。应选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术后我们去看他，很明显他的被窝里有些地方不对劲，我和 Shane鼓起勇气去掀开被单。A. beds床上用品；B.covers覆盖，封面，盖子；C.clothes衣 服；D. knives 刀子。根据下文 “and Shane and I got up the courage to uncover it”可矢口，彳艮明 显地看到被单下的腿不太正常，Man

29、dy和Shane鼓起勇气去掀开被单。应选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这景象很奇怪，但我儿子得救了，这才是最重要的。A. damages 伤害，毁坏；B. matters重要，要紧；C.keeps保存；D.memorizes记住，背熟。根据ubut my boys life was saved 可知，这个手术毕竟让Tristin防止了癌症的蔓延，换言之，这个手术 拯救了 Tristin,这才是最重要的。应选B。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管得了一种罕见的疾病，是北爱尔兰的首例，但这位热爱足 球的少年在手术后几个月就重新站了起来。A. successful成功的；B. d

30、eadly致命的；C. frustrating令人沮丧的；D. rare稀有的。根据下文“the first in Northern Ireland”可知，这是 一种罕见的疾病。应选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管得了一种罕见的疾病，是北爱尔兰的首例，但这位热爱足球 的少年在手术后几个月就重新站了起来。A. feet脚；B. way方法；C.behalf代表，利益；D. side方面，旁边。短语be back on ones feet表示“重新站起来，Tristin现在能走路了，因 此他重新站了起来。应选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tristin告诉Caters

31、News： “一开始我很不舒服，因为重量和 我的脚都让我不习惯你知道，感觉很奇怪但现在我已经习惯了。 A. great极好的, 伟大的；B. ugly丑陋的;C. amazing令人惊异的;D.strange奇怪的,陌生的。根据ubut now r m accustomed to it,z可知，把右脚倒着连接右腿，这是很奇怪的。应选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我可以用它走路，而且我刚刚开始慢跑， Tristin说。A. study 研究，学习;B. walk 步行；C. swim 游泳;D.nm 跑步。根据 and Ive just started a jog可 知，手术之后，

32、是慢慢地恢复，先是站立，接着是走路，再是慢跑。应选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，我就得坐轮椅了。我就什么都做不了了。A.bed床；B. car 车；C. wheelchair 轮椅；D. field 领域。根据下文“I wouldnt be able to do anything.可知， 没有这个手术，Tristin就会彻底失去右腿，就只能困于轮椅之中了。应选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，现在很多人都在筹集资金为斯图尔特购置专业的 辅助设备，这样他就可以参加体育运动和更多的体育活动。A. raising提高，举；B. making 开展，制造，形成

33、；C. stealing 偷；D. printing 印刷。根据 to buy Stewart professional aid equipment”可知，现在有很多人都在募集金钱帮助Tristin购置专业的设备。应选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，现在很多人都在筹集资金为斯图尔特购置专业的 辅助设备，这样他就可以参加体育运动和更多的体育活动。A. take拿，取，带去；B. give 给；C. break 打破；D. participate 参加,参与。短语 participate in “参加，参与，根据 in sports and more physical ac

34、tivities，/可知，这样他就可以参加体育运动和更多的体育活动。应选D。 【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“朋友们和往常一样，对我也没有什么不同， Tristin补充道。 A. healthy健康的；B.smart聪明的；C. hard努力的，困难的；D. usual通常的。短语as usual 像 往常一样”，根据下文“and they haventreated me differently”可知，朋友们和往常一样对 待 Tristin。应选 D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且我相信，再陡峭的山巅，对不畏艰难的人，也会有攀登之 路。A. smooth顺利的，光滑的；

35、B. magnificent高尚的，壮丽的;C.steep陡峭的,不合理的; D. difficult 困难的，麻烦的。根据下文“ there will always be a climb for the people who do not fear the difficult可知，Tristin认为无论山有多陡峭，只要有朋友们的体贴和关心，总会找到攀 登之路。应选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每题1分，总分值10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The English word “dinner“ used to refer to breakfast. It

36、 comes from the Old French word “disnar ,36 in fact means breakfastz，.So 37 did this word come to have a different meaning? 38 (tradition), dinner (what we now refer to as breakfast) was the first meal of the day, eaten around noon. It also happened to be the 39 (big) meal of the day, with a lighter

37、 meal coming later 40 (know) as supper.Today many people find 41 strange that the biggest meal of the day once centered around noon, 42 it made great sense at that time. Artificial lighting such as oil lamps and candles were expensive, and provided weak light at best. So people went to sleep at sund

38、own, because its difficult 43 (work) and eat in the dark. The last meal of the day was a rushed affair, a quick snack before the lights went out.Eventually, more meals 44 (add) to the day. This meant that people were eating smaller meals before the bigger meal. So the word that once 45 (refer) to ou

39、r first meal, now refers to our last. However, it is true that in many Western cultures dinner still remains the biggest meal of the day.【答案】36. which37. how 38. Traditionally39. biggestknown 41. it42. but 43. to workwere added44. referred【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英文中“dinner” 一词的含义是如何从“早餐 成为了如今“晚餐的含义的。

40、【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它来自古法语单词disnar,实际上意思是“早餐。此处为非限制性 定语从句修饰先行词disnar,先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【37题详解】考查疑问词。句意:那么这个词是如何有了不同的含义的呢？此处对方式提问，表示“如何 应用疑问词howo故填howo【38题详解】考查副词。句意：传统上，晚餐我们现在所说的早餐）是一天中的第一顿饭，大约在中午 吃。修饰后文整个句子，应用副词traditionally作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Traditionally o【39题详解】考查

41、形容词最高级。句意：这顿饭碰巧也是一天中最丰富的一餐，稍后的清淡饭菜那么被称 为晚餐。根据上文定冠词the,以及句意“最丰富的可知，big应用形容词最高级形式。故 填 biggesto【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这顿饭碰巧也是一天中最丰富的一餐，稍后的清淡饭菜那么被称为 晚餐。结合句意表示“被称为可知，短语为beknownas,此处省略be动词，用过去 分词作状语。故填known。【41题详解】考查it用法。句意：今天，许多人觉得奇怪的是，一天中最丰富的一餐曾经集中在中午，但 它在当时是很有意义的。此处为“find it adj. that.句型,it作形式宾语，that从句为真正 宾

42、语。故填it。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：今天，许多人觉得奇怪的是，一天中最丰富的一餐曾经集中在中午，但它 在当时是很有意义的。上文提到许多人对于一天中最丰富的一餐曾经集中在中午感觉奇怪, 后文那么提到这一做法在当时很有意义，前后为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以人们在日落的时候就睡觉了，因为在黑暗中工作和吃饭是很困 难的。此处为句型“it be adj. to do sth. ，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填towork。【44题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：最终，一天中添加了更多的膳食。句子描述过去发生的事情应用 一般过去时，主语与谓

43、语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为meals,谓 语动词用复数。故填were added。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：所以这个词曾经指的是我们的第一顿饭，现在指的是我们的最后一餐。 refer在从句中作谓语，结合上文。nee可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填 referred o第四局部根底知识检测（共三节，总分值25分）第一节单词拼写（共10小题，每题1分，总分值10分）请使用X1ULU3局部 的单词45. It （突然想到）me that we might have made the wrong decision.（根据汉语意思单词 拼写）【答案】stru

44、ck#hit【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我突然想到我们可能做出了错误的决定。根据汉语提示“突然想 到可知应填动词strike/hit,作谓语，且结合语境应用一般过去时。故填struck/hit。46. Weve already bought the house but we won*t take（拥有）of it until May.（根据汉语意 思单词拼写）【答案】possession【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们已买下这所房子，但要到五月份才能入住。分析句子可知, 空处放在take后面作宾语,用名词，“拥有翻译为：possession, take possession of为固定

45、 短语，意思为：占有，占领。故填：possessionoThe book is expected to（占有优势,主宰）the best-seller- lists.（根据汉语提示单 词拼写）【答案】dominate【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这本书预计会在畅销书排行榜上占据主导地位。be expected to do sth.预计，根据汉语提示及句意，故填dominate。47. Out of my（预料），I made great achievements soon.（根据汉语意思单词拼写）【答案】expectation【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意:出乎意料，我很快就取得了巨大成

46、就。out of ones expectation 出乎某人的意料，该短语是固定短语。故答案为expectation。48. A （联合， 混合）of talent, hard work and good looks has taken her to the top.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】combination【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：智慧、勤奋和好的外貌结合起来使得她到达最高层。A后接单数 名词，根据汉语提示可知，空处填名词combinationo a combination of.的组合。故填 combination oThe winners were given an（热

47、情的）welcome when they arrived home.（根据 汉语意思单词拼写）【答案】enthusiastic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：获奖者到家时受到了热烈的欢送。根据汉语提示“热情的， 可知应填形容词enthusiastic,作定语修饰名词welcome。故填enthusiastic0Do you think the film（改编本）was faithful to the book?（根据汉语意思单词拼 写）【答案】adaptation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：你认为改编的电影忠实于原著吗？设空处在从句中作主语，根据 汉语提示可知设空处名词为adaptation （改编）；根据从句的谓语was,可知设空处应用单数 的形式。故答案为adaptation。49. Adequate（刺激）and nutrition are essential for development during the first three years of life.（根据汉语意思单词拼写）【答案】stimulation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：适当的刺激和营养对生命前三年的发育至关重要。分析句子可知, 空处缺少名词，与nutrition”营养 一起作句子的主语，“刺激翻译为：stimulation,为不 可数名词。故填：sti