初二八年级上册英语人教版Unit-3-Section-A-03-导学案.docx

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1、学案课题Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister年级初二Section A学习目标掌握本单元重点词汇和重点语法并在试题中运用重点、难点 及考点易混词汇辨析，比拟级的运用句型及同义替换教学内容T（检测）一、词汇拓展l.both adj. & pron.两个；两个都 一adj. & pron.所有的；全体2.1oudly adv.喧闹地；大声地；响亮地 一adj.喧闹的；大声的；响亮的一adj.更喧闹的（比拟级）3 .quietly adv.轻声地；轻柔地；安静地一adj.轻声的；轻柔的；安静的 -adj.更安静的（比拟级）4 .hard-working adj

2、.工作努力的；辛勤的一adj.更辛勤的（比拟级）一努力工作 一困难的工作5 petition n.比赛；竞赛；竞争 一v.比赛6 .clearly adv.清楚地；清晰地；明白地一adv.更清楚地（比拟级）一adj.清楚的7 .win v.获胜；赢；赢得一n.获胜者8 .talented adj.有才能的；有才干的tn.天才；天赋9 .true adj.真实的；正确的一adv.真实地10 .care v. 在意；担忧；关心 一adj. 小心的 adv. 小心地一adj.不小心的；粗心的一adv.粗心地一n.粗心11 .touch v.感动；触摸 一adj.受感动 一adj.动人的12 .bre

3、ak v.（使）破；裂；碎；损坏一v.（使）破；碎；损坏（过去式）adj.破损的二、英汉互译(small) than awatermelon.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang. 不能说 The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.E（典例）一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1 . Bob is younger(young) than Fred but taller(tall) than Fred.2 .Lyn is not as tall (tall) a

4、s Ivy.3 .Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks fatter (fat) than before.4 .Which isheavier (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5 .Howtall(tall) is Sally?一Shes 1.55 meterstall (tall). What about Xiao ling?一Shes only 1.40 meters tall (tall), She is muchshorter (short) thanSally. She i

5、s also theshorter (short) girl in the class.6 . Miss Chen is morepopular than Mr. Wang . (popular)7 .Mr. Lin issadderthan Mr . Brown. (sad)8 .The basketballis bigger than the baseball, (big)9 .Question Aismore important than Question B. (important)10 . A rose is more beautifulthan a weed(野草) (beauti

6、ful)P （练习）一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1 .Yesterday was even colder /cold)2 .Tom is heavy , Jack is as heavy(heavy) as Tom.3 .Which do you likebetter (well), this one or that one?4 .Mike isthe thinner (thin) of the two brothers.5 .Your sweater is much more expensive than(I).6 .He isyounger (young) than his two sis

7、ters.7 .He isbad(bad) at learning math. He is muchworse (bad) atChinese and he is the worse (bad) at English.8 .An orange is a little bigger (big) than an apple, but much smaller二、完成句子：1 .她看起来不如玛丽年轻。She doesnt look as young as Mary.2 .杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。Jacks father is one year older than her mother.3 .我们的

8、教室比他们的明亮得多。Our classroom is much brighter than theirs.4 .留神！这条路越来越危险。Look out! The mad is becoming more and more dangerous.5 .天气越来越热了。The weather is getting hotter and hotter .6 .你锻炼越多，你就越健康。The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.7 .他比他的两个哥哥都高。He is taller than his two brothers.8 .英语是这两门课程

9、中最有趣的。English is the most interesting of the two subjects.三、任务型阅读Do you know World Reading Day1? It is on April 23rd. It is the eighteenth World Reading Day. As we know books are very important for us.In Germany, more than 70% of the people like reading: They often read. They read in their homes. Th

10、ey read in libraries. They read in parks. They even read in hospitals. Parents often read books for kids.It is easy to buy books in Germany. There are many bookshops in Germany. They are in big cities and small town. A bookshop can sell many books every day. Germans also like to buy books on the Int

11、ernet. More and more people buy books on the Internet.In Germany, people often have reading parties. They are happy at the parties.Do you love reading? Hope you enjoy it!1 . April 23rd is.2 .How many people like reading in Germany?3 .1s it difficult to buy books in Germany?4 .Germans often have read

12、ing parties.5 .课后反思:13.在有天赋14关心；在意15. as long as16与不同17 .使显现；使表现出.the same as.确切地说，事实上.与相似的18 .primary school答案：1. all 2.1oud; louder 3.quiet; quieter 4. more hard-working; work hard; hard work 5 pete 6.more clearly; clear 7. winner 8.talent 9.truly lO.careful; carefully; careless; carelessly; carel

13、essness 11.touched; touching 12.broke; broken13.be talented in . 14. care about15只要 16.be different from 17.bring out18.与相同 19.in fact 20.be similar to21 .小学（一）重点句型1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。both （1）表示“两者都，both用在含有be动词的句中，应放在be动

14、词的后 面；用在含有行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面，S （归纳）（2） both.and.表示“两者都”,both.and在句中连接并列成分，如主语、 谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比拟灵活。E.g. Both New York and London have traffic problems.（连接主语）The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.（连接i胃语）考例My parents doctors.A. both are B. all are C. are all D. are both拓展：all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，every

15、指三个以上的人或物（含三个）, each指两个以上的人或物（含两个）。练习：用 all, both, every, each 填空1) My brothers and I are all at school.2) Every/ Each student may have one book.3) Both Tom and Jim are my good friends.4) Three students are flying kites, they are all in Class 1.2. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though.

16、不过，你能看得出来，丽萨确实想赢。(1) win此处用作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”；win还可用作及物动词，意为 “赢得；在中获胜”，此时其后的宾语为比赛的工程、奖品或战争等。E.g. He won the first prize.Who won the race ?辨析：win与beatwin表示“赢得；获胜”，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的工程、奖品或战 争等。 E.g. We won the basketball game.beat表示“打赢；战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。E.g. Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre r

17、ace.(2) though此处作副词，意为“不过；可是；然而，通常用于句末，前面用逗 号与句子隔开。E.g. Jim said that he would come; he didnt, though.拓展：though作连词，意为“虽然；尽管“，相当于although。E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily.注意：although/though与but不能同时出现在一个句子中。E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily.=He has no money, but he l

18、ives very happily.3. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。(1) the most important 意为最重要的，是 important 的最高级形式。important 的比拟级为more important,形容词的最高级形式前必须有定冠词the。E.g. I think English is the most important of all the subjects.The most important thing is t

19、o work hard.(2) have fun意为“获得乐趣；玩得高兴”。E.g. If s a good place to have fiin.拓展：have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很有趣”。E.g. Did you have fun visiting that country?4truly cares about me.care about 关心，在意take care 留神take care of 照顾练习：用适当的词组填空1) Your mother truly you.2) He has to his sister.3)not to fall into the r

20、iver.1.1 think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友会让我发笑。(1) make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”E.g. His father always makes him get up before five oclock.拓展：make的用法：make加名词make food 做饭 make the bed 铺床 make money 赚钱make + sb./sth. + adj.使某人感到；使处于某种状态E.g. The soft music makes Tina sleepy.make sb./sth. + n.使某人成

21、为E.g. The party made her a good teacher. make sb./sth. +过去分词 让某人被E.g. I made myself understood by all the students.make sb./sth. + do sth.使某人做某事（不能带不定式符号to）E.g. Wars make the peace go away.注意：当make用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号to.E.g. We were made to work all night.I was made to repeat the story.(2)辨析：laugh 与 smi

22、lelaugh一般表示“出声地(大)笑”，不但有面部表情，而且还有声音。laugh at意为嘲笑；因而发笑”。E.g. Dont laugh when you have a meal.smile 一般表示“无声地微笑”，指的是面部表情。smile at意为向微笑E.g. He smiled at me.6. Yes, and a good friend is talented in music, too.talented为形容词，意为“有才能的，有才干的”，其比拟级形式为more talentedo be talented in为固定搭配，表示“在方面有天赋”。E.g. She is a ta

23、lented musician, 她是一名天才音乐家。The boy is talented in dancing.这个男孩很有舞蹈天赋。7. Fm quieter and more serious than most kids.我比大多数的孩子更文静更稳重。(1) serious为形容词，意为“严肃的；稳重的”。E.g. My math teacher is very serious in class.拓展：nothing serious意为“没有什么严重的”。(2) be serious about.意为“对认真E.g. Is she serious about giving up her

24、 job?8. Tm shy so its not easy fbr me to make friends.我很腼腆。因此对我来说交朋友不是很容易。“It，s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“做某事对某人来说是的结构中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。句中的形容 词为描述事物特征的词，如 difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, necessary, possible 等。Eg Its very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every d

25、ay.Its dangerous for a child to stay at home alone.9. But I think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good.但是我认为朋友就像书一样你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。as long as意为“只要；既然”，引导条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时或含有 情态动词can时，所引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。e.g.You can leave here as long as you tell the truth.You will g

26、et good grades as long as you work hard.10.1 dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我真的不介意我的朋友是与我一样还是不同if作连词，意为“是否，引导宾语从句，常用于ask, know, wonder, find out 等动词(短语)之后。E.g. I dont know if he is at home.He asks me if I like music.11. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches

27、your heart.真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。(1) reach for sth.意为“伸手取某物，reach此处作不及物动词，意为“伸手”。E.g. He reaches for the box, but he is too short.拓展：reach作及物动词，意为“到达；抵达”。E.g. When will you reach Beijing?辨析：reach, get to 与 arrivereach为及物动词，后面直接接宾语。E.g. They reached Hangzhou yesterday.get to后接地点名词，如果接there, here或hom

28、e等地点副词，to必须省略。E.g. How did you get to the station ?arrive为不及物动词，后接地点名词时必须加介词at或in。到达国家、城市 等大的地方用in,到迭学校、商店等小的地方用at。接there, here或home等地点 副词时不用介词in或atoE.g. I arrived at the company three hours ago.They arrived in Hangzhou yesterday.(2) touch及物动词，意为“感动；触摸”。E.g. The sad story touched us.He touched his s

29、ons head lightly.IZThats Tara, isnt it?那是泰拉，难道不是吗？反意疑问句反意疑问句是一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成 是：前半局部是陈述句，后半局部是简略的问句。前半局部用肯定形式时，后半 局部用be动词或动词的否认形式，当前半局部为否认形式时，后半局部用be动词 或助动词的肯定形式。疑问局部的主语用代词替代，答语与事实保持一致。This is your book, isnt it ?这是你的书，难道不是吗？Jim likes English, doesn51 he? 吉姆喜欢英语，不是吗？Your sister didrf t go

30、 to the park, did she? 你的妹妹没有去公园，是吗？二、重点语法1、比拟级的用法：比拟级用于两者(人或物)之间的比拟，突出其中一个所 比拟的人或物。Eg.Tom is taller than Jack.2、比拟级的构成：构成方法原级比拟级单音节单词 及局部双音 节词一般在词尾加-ertallsmalltallersmaller在以字母e结尾的形容词后加-rnicelargenicerlarger在以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词 后，先改y为i再加-erheavyhappyheavierhappier重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字 母时，先双写辅音字母再加-erbigslimthin

31、biggerslimmerthinnerfathotfatterhotter局部双音节 词及多音节 词在词的前面加moreexpensivebeautifulmore expensivemore beautiful不规那么变化good/well-better; bad/badly - worse; many/much - more; little - less比拟级的用法：（一）当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比拟时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级 或者比拟级1 .表达“A和B*样”，用asas的结构。公式：A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as.+BA+实义动词+as+副词原级+as.+BEg

32、I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一样快。2 .表达A不如B用not as.as的结构。公式:A+be动词的否认形式+as+形容词原级+as.+BA+助词的否认形式+动词+as+副词原级+as.+BEg. I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。He doesnt run as fast as I.他没有我跑得快。3 .表达“A大于B”用“比拟级+than”的结构。比拟双方必须是同一类的，即人与人 比拟，物与物比拟。公式： A+be动词+形容词 比拟级+than+B.A+实义动词+副词比拟级+than+

33、B.Eg I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。My bike is newer than Toms.我的自行车比汤姆的新。The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.4 .比一比，填一填She is taller than any other girl in her class.He is taller than any girl in his class.Shanghai is bigger than any other city in Chi

34、na.China is larger than any country in Africa.总结：假设同一类或物在同一范围内进行比拟，须用“anyother+单数名词”。但 是，假设比拟范围不同，然而应用“any+可数名词的单数形式.比拟级前的修饰语5 .填一填，选一选。Tom is the tallerof the two brothers. Tom is taller than his brother. (tall)She is _ the clevererof the two.A. the cleverest B. the cleverer C. cleverer D. cleveres

35、t总结：当比拟级句型中出现of the two结构时，形容词比拟级前必须用定冠词，而 不用thano.为了加强语气，说明修饰程度的不同，可在比拟级前加much, a lot, a little, a bit, even等修饰词。Eg Our room is much biqqer than theirs.我们的房间比他们的大多了。You run much faster than he does.你跑得比他快多了。(二)、关于形容词、副词比拟级的更多用法L “比拟级+and+比拟级”表示“越来越It is getting warmer and warmer. 天气越来越暖和。He is runn

36、ing faster and faster.他跑得越来越快。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们祖国越来越美了。6 .“the more, the more”表示”越 就越”,The more, the better.多多益善。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make,你越细心，犯错就越少。(三)、运用形容词、副词比拟级应当注意的问题：(1)、按语法规那么，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代 替主格。Eg He is more careful than I (me).(2)、只有同类的事物才能比拟Eg Her bag is bigger than mine.不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.