2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(上)Units 7-8.docx

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1、八年级（上）Units 7-8教材词汇分层训练争重点单词背记.paper 1纸;纸张1 . future .将来;未来.planet拉.彳亍星2 .earth .地球;世界.plant u种植.植物3 .part .局部;地区;角色.sea九海;海洋8 . sky .天空.space .太空;空间10.human adj.人的 .人11 .already adv.已经;早已12.even甚至;连;愈加13.shape .外形;形状14.side九一方（的意见、态度、立场）.during prep.在期间15 .holiday .假期;假日.word .单词;词16 .watermelon .西

2、瓜.spoon勺;调羹20 .addu增加;添加. sugar .食糖21 .玉米浴物.machine .机器;机械装置22 .hole .洞;孔;坑某事”，符合语境。【答案】C4.1 didnt agree him because I thought he was wrong.A.with B.on C.to D.of【解析】考查介词。句意:我不同意他(的观点)因为我认为他是错的。固定搭配agree with sb.,意为“同意 某人的观点”，符合语境。【答案】A考点51ook for的用法【教材原句】If buildings fall down with people inside,the

3、se snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.如果建筑物倒塌，并且里面有人的话，这些蛇形机器人就能帮助寻找被压在建筑物底下的人。(P53)IssMJsl意为2昱找浸求调例如：He is looking for his lost child.他正在寻找他走失的孩子。妙辨异同辨析 look for,search,find 和 find out(l)lookfor指有目的地“寻找”不见的或丧失的东西，还没有找到，处在寻找的过程中。例如：一What are you looking for?你在找什么呢？一Im looking

4、for my eraser.我在找我的橡皮。(2)search更侧重“搜寻、搜索”的意思，范围较广。常用结构:search for sth.“查找某物;searchfor sth./sb.“为 了找到某物/人而搜查”。例如:Theyre searching the jungle for the spy.他们在丛林中搜查那个间谍。(3)find指“找到”，强调寻找的结果。例如：I looked for my umbrella everywhere,but I couldnt find it.我到处找我的雨伞,可是找不着。(4)find out主要指通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“查明”一个事实真相

5、，找出不容易被发现的东西。例 如：Lets work in a team to find out the problem.让我们合作找出问题的所在。活学活用.（2021 ,黑龙江绥化改编）Mom,could you help me my toy car?I cant it anywhere!A.look fbr;findB.find;look forC.look;find outD.look fbr;find out【解析】考查动词和动词短语。句意:妈妈,你能帮我找一下我的玩具汽车吗?我到处都找不到它!根据句 意可知，第一个空表示“帮助找”，强调动作，应用look for;第二个空表示“找到”

6、，强调结果，应用findo【答案】A.（2021 山东滨州）Pan Jianwei has become a famous scientist.When he was a child,he liked to howthings worked.A.set out B.find outC.leave out D.bring out【解析】考查动词短语。句意:潘建伟已经成为一位著名的科学家。当他还是个孩子的时候，他就喜欢弄 清楚事物是如何运作的。find ou亡查明;弄清，符合语境。【答案】B考点6flll的用法【教材原句】Next?fill the turkey with this bread m

7、ix.接下来，用面包混合物填满火鸡。（P61） fill意为“（使）充满;装满”，可指填满空间、填充空白、填写表格等。1 .fill既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。（1）用隹丕及物动词吐壬动龙式赏食直遨动直风。例如：The hall soon filled.大厅里很快就挤满了人。用作及物动词时，可接名词或代词作宾语。例如：Laughter filled the room.房间里充满了 笑声。Please fill a glass of wine for me,请给我斟一杯酒。充满着式表示状态）相当于垣M of。例如：Please fill in your name and your tele

8、phone number.请填写你的名字和 号码。The schoolbag is filled with/full of books.书包里装满了 书。活学活用一What do you think of the Hi-tech Fair in Shenzhen Bay?You cant miss it!The show room different models.A.is filled with B.is made ofC.is covered with D.is known to【解析】考查动词短语。句意:你觉得深圳湾的高新技术展览会怎么样?你不能错过!展厅里摆 满了不同的模型。be fi

9、lled with充满 ，符合语境。be made o俨由 制造”;be covered with”被 覆盖”;be known to”为所知。【答案】A重I点I句I型I考点 7In the future,there will be less fresh water because there will be more pollution in the sea.在将来，淡水 会更少，因为海洋中将会有更多的污染。（P51）.在表示缱意愿色彩的招来地赏用助动感创1。例如：I will tell you all about it.我会告诉你有关它的一切。2 .飒组屋常用王表示请求邀请感建谩对之做某事

10、。例如：Will you send this letter for me,please?请你替我把这封信寄出去行吗？Will you come to my birthday party on Friday?你周五能来参力口我的生日派对吗？拓展延伸（1）在疑问句中，主语为第一人称（I和we）时，常用助动词shallo例如：Where shall we have the party?我们要在哪里举办聚会？在书面语中，主语为第一人称（I和we）时,也常用助动词shall。但在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。例 如：I shall write you a letter next month.下个月我

11、会给你写封信。活学活用（2021 ,广西梧州）一Is Helen here?-No,she isnt here.She in half an hour.A. arrives B. arrivedC.will arrive D.has arrived【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:海伦在这里吗?不，她不在。她还有半小时就到。根据句意及 空后的“in half an hour”可知，空处应用一般将来时。【答案】C安徽中考真题精选I .单项填空.（2016,安徽第 43 题）,Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival by enjoying th

12、e full moon and eating mooncakes.（ D ）A.QuicklyB.SuddenlyC.SecretlyD.Traditionally1 .（2014,安徽第 41 题）Mr.Wang has left for Guangzhou.He a speech there in two days.（ C ）A.gives B.gaveC.will give D.has given.（2012,安徽第 36 题）Welcome to our hotel!I hope youll have a good time your stayhere.（ B ）A.after B.d

13、uring C.with D.since2 .（2012,安徽第 49 题）The task in an hour.Then we can go home and have a good rest.（ B ）A.was finished B.will be finishedC.has been finished D.cant be finishedII .单词拼写1 .（2021 .安徽第 80 题）With the development of technology, space （太空）travel will be a common thing.2 .（2018 安徽第 94 题）A go

14、od hobby adds （增加）a lot of fun to our spare life.3 .（2017,安徽第 92 题）My fathers T-shirt has completely lost its shape （形状）.4 .（2012安徽第 100 题）Make sure you put all the answers in your paper （试卷）before handing it in.25.sandwich .夹心面包片;三明治.piece几片;块;段26 .autumn .秋天;秋季.pie比果馅饼;果馅派29f H 乂（使）充满;装满.cover吠遮盖;

15、覆盖九覆盖物;盖子30 .temperature .温度;气温;体温净重点单词拓展1 .pollution n,污染;污染物 pollute u污染t polluted adj.被污染的.environment .环境 environmental ad/环境的2 .peace .和平;安静- peaceful adj.和平的;安宁的 peacefully adv.平静地;和平地.build u建筑;建造built （过去式/过去分词）一 buildingn.建筑物3 .dangerous M.有危险的;不平安的，danger n.危险 endanger 乂危害;使遭受危险. factory o

16、 工厂- factories （复数形式）4 .Japan .日本- Japanese adj.日本的;日本人的;日语的.日本人;日语.believe 乂相信:认为有可能believed （过去式/过去分词）believable ad/.可相信的:可信任的一 unbelievable （反义词）a的.难以置信的;不真实的belief n.相信;信心;信念disbelief n.不信;怀 疑5 .agree u同意:赞成:应允disagree （反义词）乂不同意:持不同意见:有分歧agreement几同意:一 致.fall v.& .倒塌;跌倒;掉落九（美式）秋天 fell （过去式）falle

17、n （过去分词） fallen ad/.倒下 的;落下的6 .inside adv.&prep.在里面 outside （反义词）pvep.在外面12.possible ad/.可能的:可能存在或发生的impossible （反义词）Q力.不可能的;不可能存在或发生的 possibly adv.可能;或许 一 possibility n .可 能性;可 能13 .probably adv.很可能:大概 probable adj.可能的14.shake n.& u抖动:摇动 shook （过去式）t shaken （过去分词）15 .finally adu最后:最终一 Unai a力.最后的.s

18、alt1食盐 salty咸的:含盐的17 .dig “挖（土）;掘（地）;凿（洞）一 dug （过去式/过去分词）digging （现在分词）.traditional q的.传统的;惯例的tradition n.传统18 .celebrate吐庆祝;庆贺celebration几.庆祝活动;庆典.prepare我使做好准备;把准备好 preparation几.准备19 .mix .混合配料u（使）混合:融合一 mixture九混合物.serve u服务;接待:提供service .服务:接待servant .仆人净重点短语积累1 .play a part参与;发挥作用2.1 n the futu

19、re 在未来ver and over again 屡次;反复地4.disagree/agree with sb.（不）同意某人（的观点等）5.hundreds of 许多;大量6.1ook for寻找;寻求.fall down突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌7 .turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）;翻开.cut up 切碎8 .give thanks for 感谢.mix together 混合在一起9 .fHL.with用填满.cover.with用覆盖争核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词1 .The garden is full of different kinds of plants （

20、植物）.2 .Nowadays,China plays a more and more importantpart （角色）in the world.3 .The musician has successfullymixed d昆合）traditional Chinese music and modem Western music.4 .Tina didnt like the food,so sheshook （摇动）her head.5 .That waiter didnt want to serve （月艮务）the impolite customer at all.6 .Bothside

21、s （一方）believed that everyone could do something fbr the world.7 .It is unbelievable tobuild （建造）a hospital in ten days.8 .Whenautumn (秋天)comes,you need to put on warm clothes.9 .Snowcovered (覆盖)the mountains and they looked really beautiful.10.Look!They are digging a deep hole (洞)in the garden.熟词生义.

22、paper熟义:几纸;纸张(不可数名词)生义:几文件;试卷;报纸;论文(可数名词)(l)Is there any special news in todays paper?(B )(2)You must check your papers carefully in the exams.(C )A.纸B.报纸C.试卷D.论文.build熟义:h建筑;建造生义”增强;建设;建立几体型;体格;身材(l)The government decided to build a new road to make the villagers, life easier.( A )(2)The woman who

23、is of medium build is my mom.( D )A.建造B.增强C.建立D.身材3.shape熟义:几外形;形状生义:也决定的形成;影响的开展;塑造.状况;性质(OHe,s in good shape for a man of his age.(C )(2)Since jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots(银锭),it symbolizes wealth.( A )A.形状B.影响的开展C状况D.塑造4.fall熟义:也& ,倒塌;跌倒;掉落九(美式)秋天生义”进入(某状态);开始变成

24、(某事物);发生;降临;来临;(数量)减少,下降;(强度)减小(1 )When the Spring Festival falls,red flowers bloom(盛开)on the windows of my home.(2018安徽)(B )(2)And then he would fall asleep in 己55.(2014,安徽)( C )(3)The price has fallen by 30 percent.( D )A.跌倒B.来临C进入(状态)D.下降 5. shake熟义:也& .摇动;抖动生义”使震惊;颤抖;发抖(1 )Give the bottle a good

25、 shake before opening.( A )(2)He was shaken by the news of her death.( C )A.摇动B.颤抖C使震惊 6.cover熟义”遮盖;覆盖 生义:小封面;覆盖物;盖子 北行走（一段路程）;涉及;支付;报道(l)While 75% of our planet is covered with water,only about 2% is fresh water-that comes fromrivers,lakes,ice and 5110.(2019安徽)(A )(2)There is an advertisement on th

26、e back cover of the book.( B )(3)He covered a total of 2,478 miles and raised $120,000 for kids in 11(1.(2016,安徽)( D )A.覆盖B.封面C.盖子D.行走（一段路程）名师考点精讲重点词却考点 1 辨析 a few,few,a little 和 little【教材原句】There will be fewer trees and the environment will be in great dan ger.树木将会变少，环境将处于巨大危 险中。(P50)这四个词既可作形容词，也可作

27、代词，区别如下:否认意义后接/代替名词a few（一些，几个）few（很少，几乎没有）可数名词复数a little（一点）little（几乎没有）不口数名词有几粒豆子几乎没有豆子a few beansfew beans肯阊*9否 定口存口定 m 数有一点儿水几乎没有水a little waterlittle water特别提醒（l）alittle还可用作程度副词，意为“一点儿:修饰动词、形容词、副词及其比拟级，而afew那么没有此用法。 （2）not a little 意为“很;非常，相当于 very mucho活学活用1 .一Mom,Sally is coming for dinner th

28、is evening.一Theres only beef in the fridge.Lefs buy some more meat and vegetables.A.a few B.few C.a little D.little【解析】考查形容词。句意:妈妈，萨莉今晚要来吃晚饭。冰箱里只有一点牛肉。我们再去多买 些肉和蔬菜吧。根据空前的“only”及语境可知，冰箱里还有一点牛肉。a little“一些”，修饰不可数名词，表 示肯定意义，符合语境。【答案】C.一Could you share me with of your speaking skills?一Yes,Id love to.A.a

29、 little B.little C.a few D.few【解析】考查代词。句意:你能和我提供一些你的演讲技巧吗?可以，我很乐意。根据句中的“skills” 及语境可知,a few“一些”，指代可数名词复数,表示肯定意义，符合语境。【答案】C.一Would you like to go there at 8:30 tomorrow evening?一Why not make it a little?How about 8:00?A. late B. laterC. early D.earlier【解析】考查形容词比拟级。你想明天晚上八点半去那里吗?为什么不早一点呢?八点怎么样? 根据空后的“

30、How about 8:00?”及语境可知，后者提议更早一点出发。earlier更早，符合语境。【答案】D考点2play a part (in)的用法【教材原句】Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.每个人都应当尽一份力来拯救地球。(P50)函回侬意为凄与仁二二例如：He plays a very important part in this match他在这场比赛中起着非常重要的作用。拓展延伸play a role (in)意为“(在中)扮演角色;(在中)起作用“，与play a part (in)意思相近。例如:He was inv

31、ited to play a role in this TV play,他被邀请在这个电视剧里扮演一个角色。活学活用一Lucy,why not play a in their discussion?一Fm sorry,but I know nothing about the topic.A.part B.game C.joke D.show【解析】考查名词。句意:露西，为什么不参与他们的讨论呢?抱歉，我对那个话题一无所知。根 据句意可知,play a part (in)参与”，符合语境。【答案】A考点3believe的用法【教材原句】However,some scientists believ

32、e that although we can make robots move like people,it will be difficult to make them really think like a human.然而，一些科学家认为，尽管我们可以让机器人像人一样移动，但要让 它们真正像人一样思考是很困难的。(P53)believe作动词，意为“相信”，指相信事物的真实性或相信某人说的话，引申含义为“信赖;信仰”;还可以意为“想;认为，相当于supposeo其用法总结如下:活学活用1 .Can you tell me how to make friends with others?一

33、Sure.First of all,you must learn to others.Trust is the most important.A.believe B.wait C.touch D pare【解析】考查动词。句意:你能告诉我如何和他人交朋友吗?当然。首先，你必须学会相信他人。 信任是最重要的。believe“相信”，符合语境。【答案】A.MomJ won the first prize in the writing competition!Wonderful! As long as you yourself and keep trying,you will succeed.A.d

34、ress upB上elieve inC.pick upD.leave out【解析】考查动词短语。句意:妈妈,我在这次写作比赛中得了第一名!太棒了!只要你相信自己 并不断努力,你就会成功。dress up“打扮”;believe in“相信”;pick up“捡起”;leave out”遗漏;不考虑”。【答案】B.一Are you glad to hear from your sister?一Of course.J dreamed about her several nights.A.Whafs more B.That is to sayC.In other words D.Believe i

35、t or not【解析】考查交际用语。句意:收到你妹妹的来信你开心吗?当然。信不信由你,有好几个晚上 我做梦梦见她了。A项意为“而且;更重要的是”;B项意为“那就是说”;C项意为“换句话说”。D项意为“信 不信由你”,符合语境。【答案】D考点4agree的用法【教材原句】However,they agree it may take hundreds of years.然而，他们一致认为这可能需要数百年的时间O（P53） agree作动词，意为“同意;赞成;应允工其常见用法如下：厂T agree with sb.表示同意某人的意见、观点、 想法等（即意见或想法一致）agreeagreeagree

36、on(doing)sthagree to (do) sth?同意(做)某事 Xz指双方通过协商就（做）某事 取得一致意见或达成协议 反义词:disagree不同意名词:agreement同意;协议活学活用1 .（2021 江苏南京）一I think art should be about creating beautiful objects._.Thats a very old-fashioned way of looking at art.A.My pleasureB.It doesnt matterC.Take it easyD.I dont agree【解析】考查交际用语。句意:我认为艺

37、术应该是创造美丽的事物。我不同意。这种看待艺术 的方式已经过时了。根据答语中的Thats a very old-fashioned way of looking at art.”可知,后者不同意前 者的观点。D项意为“我不同意，符合语境。【答案】D.（2021 黑龙江龙东农垦、森工改编）If you want to ask for sick leave,you must get your teacher9s first.A. achievementB. agreementC.instrument D.development【解析】考查名词。句意:如果你想请病假,你必须先征得老师的同意。B项意为“同意，赞同”，符合语境。A项意为“成就”;C项意为“仪器;工具;乐器”;D项意为“开展”。【答案】B3.Most of the club members agreed the plan.Only a few were against it.A上yB.from C.to D.of【解析】考查介词。句意:大局部俱乐部成员都同意这个计划。只有少数人反对。agree to sth.意为“同意